Malignancies confined to disused arteriovenous fistulae in renal transplant patients: an important differential diagnosis.

Background: Swelling in an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is commonly caused by thrombosis, aneurysm and infection. However, due to the increased risk of malignancy after transplantation, this should also be considered.

Patients: We discuss 4 patients with malignancy confined to an AVF after renal transplantation presenting in a 2-year period.

Recurrent vasculitis in cystic fibrosis.

A 22-year-old man presented with recurrent palpable purpuric rash. His clubbing relates to underlying cystic fibrosis (CF) and his rash was identified as CF-related vasculitis, a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of the disease. It occurs predominantly on the lower limbs, mainly over the dorsa of the feet, ankles and tibial surfaces.