Publications by authors named "Lara Manyes"

Human exposure to mycotoxins is a global concern since several mycotoxins, such as enniatins and aflatoxins, have shown carcinogenic and neurotoxic effects, and the toxicologic mechanisms of most of them still need to be clarified. This study aims to investigate the metabolic pathways affected by mycotoxin exposure by evaluating metabolite alterations in urine. The participants were 540 women from the Spanish Childhood and Environment Project (INMA).

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This study evaluates the effects of fermented whey (FW) and pumpkin (P) on the excretion of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in rats using immunoaffinity column cleanup and high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (IAC-LC-FLD). The method achieved detection limits of 0.1 µg/kg for AFB1 and 0.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are considered the most important mycotoxins in terms of food safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of AFB1 and OTA exposure in Wistar rats and to assess the beneficial effect of fermented whey (FW) and pumpkin (P) as functional ingredients through a proteomic approach. For the experimental procedures, rats were fed AFB1 and OTA individually or in combination, with the addition of FW or a FW-P mixture during 28 days.

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Mycotoxin research is facing unprecedented challenges, starting from the urgent need to cope with the consequences of climate change, the global shortage of grain due to unstable political scenarios, and the major transformation of the supply chains after the COVID-19 pandemic. In this scenario, the mycotoxin contamination of human and animal foods is still unavoidable, thus representing a major challenge to global food security. Next to this, the shift to sustainable and circular food production might be accompanied by an increase in food safety issues involving mycotoxins, e.

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by and various species, which are known for contaminating agricultural products and posing significant health risks, which include immunotoxicity. This study aims to evaluate the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with a carotenoid-enriched extract from pumpkin peel ( L.) in mitigating the toxic effects of OTA.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mycotoxin contamination in cereals poses a significant food safety risk, with bilberries showing promise in reducing these harmful effects.
  • The study assessed the antioxidant properties and phytochemical composition of wild bilberries, including various acids and flavonoids.
  • Results indicated that adding bilberries to bread reduced the harmful effects of ochratoxin A (OTA), improving cell viability and lowering cell death compared to OTA alone.
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  • Recent studies highlight the role of gut microbiota in various diseases, emphasizing how probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics (collectively known as PPSP) can positively influence the microbiome.
  • This systematic review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, explores the relationship between emerging mycotoxins and gut health, identifying key mycotoxins from specific genera, with probiotics and inulin being the most studied components.
  • Findings suggest that PPSP can help detoxify these mycotoxins and activate beneficial health pathways, but more research is necessary, particularly in developing functional foods to combat this issue, since there are currently no regulatory standards in place.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focused on Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), which are toxic mycotoxins in food and feed linked to health risks, and aimed to develop an effective method for measuring these toxins in rat urine using advanced laboratory techniques.
  • - Researchers established detection limits for AFB1 and OTA in feed (0.1 µg/kg and 0.3 µg/kg) and urine (0.2 ng/mL and 0.6 ng/mL), achieving a solid recovery rate for both toxins in samples.
  • - The analysis of 116 rat urine samples showed that adding fermented whey and pumpkin to the rats' diet affected the levels of
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Mycotoxins, secondary metabolites produced by molds, pose significant health risk through contamination of globally consumed cereals. Ochratoxin A (OTA), a prevalent mycotoxin in cereals, is associated with various health hazards, including immunotoxicity. This study explores the bioaccessibility of OTA in bread and its impact on the gastrointestinal barrier.

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The purpose of this review was to investigate the current knowledge about aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) toxicity and the possible beneficial role of bioactive compounds by using in vitro and in vivo models. Although AFB1 and OTA were tested in a similar percentage, the majority of studies focused on nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, immune toxicity and neurotoxicity in which oxidative stress, inflammation, structural damage and apoptosis were the main mechanisms of action reported. Conversely, several biological compounds were assayed in order to modulate mycotoxins damage mainly in the liver, brain, kidney and immune system.

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The prevalence of diabetes has increased in last decades worldwide and is expected to continue to do so in the coming years, reaching alarming figures. Evidence have shown that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Moreover, several mechanisms link the microbiota with the appearance of insulin resistance and diabetes.

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The present work focuses on the evaluation of AFB1's bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity using bread (naturally contaminated) enriched or not enriched with fresh Voghiera garlic (2%). Two different experiments were carried out: experiment 1 (E1), with low-AFB1-concentration breads (1.6-1.

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Human exposure to mycotoxins is a global concern since filamentous fungi can contaminate food and feed from crops to ready-to-eat meals. Human urine biomonitoring is a widely used technique to evaluate mycotoxins exposure, as an alternative to food correlation studies. The aim of this study is to describe human exposure to mycotoxins and to investigate the associated sociodemographic, lifestyle and dietary variables.

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Understanding the mechanisms of mycotoxin toxicity is crucial for establishing effective guidelines and preventive strategies. In this study, machine learning models based on quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) were employed to predict the lipid peroxidation activity of mycotoxins. Two different algorithms using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been trained using a dataset of 70 mycotoxins.

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Beauvericin (BEA) is an emerging mycotoxin produced by some species of Fusarium genera that widely contaminates food and feed. is a protected medicinal plant known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to its rich content of bioactive compounds. In order to evaluate the beneficial effects of flower against BEA cytotoxicity, the aim of this study is to evaluate changes in protein expression after Jurkat cell exposure through a proteomics approach.

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Scope: The aim of the study is to investigate in Jurkat cells the possible beneficial effect of pumpkin (P) and fermented milk whey (FW) mixture against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) induced alterations in gene expression profile.

Methods And Results: Human T cells are exposed for 7 days to digested bread extracts containing P-FW mixture along with AFB1 and OTA, individually and in combination. The results of RNA sequencing show that AFB1 P-FW exposure resulted in 34 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) while 3450 DEGs are found in OTA P-FW exposure and 3264 DEGs in AFB1-OTA P-FW treatment.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are well-known to promote hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity which may be counteracted by natural compounds like fermented whey (FW). Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) are typical biomarkers used to detect liver and kidney damage, respectively. Thus, RT-qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) analysis were performed to assess the potential beneficial effect of FW against AFB1 and OTA hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in male and female Wistar rats by analyzing the altered gene expression of hepatic CPS1 and renal KIM-1 after 28 days of oral exposure.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are typical contaminants of food and feed, which have serious implications for human and animal health, even at low concentrations. Therefore, a transcriptomic study was carried out to analyze gene expression changes triggered by low doses of AFB1 and OTA (100 nM; 7 days), individually and combined, in human lymphoblastic T cells. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that AFB1-exposure resulted in 99 differential gene expressions (DEGs), while 77 DEGs were obtained in OTA-exposure and 3236 DEGs in the combined one.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Mycotoxin contamination in food is a global health issue, so it's important to monitor human exposure, primarily through urine where these toxins are found.
  • - This study aimed to develop and validate a sensitive method using Liquid Chromatography coupled to Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) to detect ten specific mycotoxins while also identifying others.
  • - The researchers employed various extraction methods and settled on a modified QuEChERS technique, achieving good recovery rates for the mycotoxins, and tested the final method on urine samples from women, finding higher levels of specific untargeted mycotoxins.
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Background: The heterogeneity of patients with COVID-19 may explain the wide variation of mortality rate due to the population characteristics, presence of comorbidities and clinical manifestations.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed 5342 patients' recordings and selected a cohort of 177 hospitalized patients with a poor prognosis at an early stage. We assessed during 6 months their symptomatology, coexisting health conditions, clinical measures and health assistance related to mortality.

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Food and feed are daily exposed to mycotoxin contamination which effects may be counteracted by functional compounds like carotenoids and fermented whey. Among mycotoxins, the most toxic and studied are aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), which neurotoxicity is not well reported. Therefore, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells ongoing differentiation were exposed during 7 days to digested bread extracts contained pumpkin and fermented whey, individually and in combination, along with AFB1 and OTA and their combination, in order to evaluate their presumed effects on neuronal differentiation.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study investigated the bioaccessibility of harmful mycotoxins AFB1 and OTA in bread using an in vitro digestion model, testing different bread types with added pumpkin and whey.
  • * Results showed that pumpkin was the most effective ingredient, significantly reducing AFB1 and OTA bioaccessibility by 74% and 34%, while whey and fermented whey also contributed to reductions, suggesting their potential use in bakery products.
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Due to the globalization, mycotoxins have been considered a major risk to human health being the main contaminants of foodstuffs. Among them, AFB1 and OTA are the most toxic and studied. Therefore, the goal of this review is to deepen the knowledge about the toxicological effects that AFB1 and OTA can induce on human health by using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence techniques in vitro and in vivo models.

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Some mycotoxins such as beauvericin (BEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), and zearalenone (ZEA) can cross the blood brain barrier, which is why we tested the anti-inflammatory action of a pumpkin carotenoid extract (from the pulp) against these mycotoxins and their combinations (OTA+ZEA and OTA+ZEA+BEA) on a blood brain barrier model with co-cultured ECV304 and C6 cells using an untargeted metabolomic approach. The cells were added with mycotoxins at a concentration of 100 nmol/L per mycotoxin and pumpkin carotenoid extract at 500 nmol/L. For control we used only vehicle solvent (cell control) or vehicle solvent with pumpkin extract (extract control).

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Enniatins (ENs) are depsipeptide mycotoxins produced by fungi. They are known for their capacity to modulate cell membrane permeability and disruption of ionic gradients, affecting cell homeostasis and initiating oxidative stress mechanisms. The effect of the acute toxicity of ENs A, A1, B and B1 at two different concentrations after 8 h of exposure was analysed in Wistar rats by a transcriptional approach.

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