Growth reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy and nutritional supplementation: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: As antiretroviral therapy (ART) expands for HIV-infected children, it is important to determine its impact on growth. We quantified growth and its determinants following ART in resource-limited (RLS) and developed settings.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lipid changes in Kenyan HIV-1-infected infants initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy by 1 year of age.

Background: Early highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is recommended for HIV-1-infected infants. There are limited data on lipid changes during infant HAART.

Methods: Nonfasting total (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) were measured at 0, 6 and 12 months.

Performance of the integrated management of childhood illness algorithm for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection among African infants.

Objectives: Early infant HIV-1 diagnosis and treatment substantially improve survival. Where virologic HIV-1 testing is unavailable, integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) clinical algorithms may be used for infant HIV-1 screening. We evaluated the performance of the 2008 WHO IMCI HIV algorithm in a cohort of HIV-exposed Kenyan infants.

Optimization of differential display polymerase chain reaction as a bioindicator for the cladoceran Daphnia magna.

Research on toxicant-responsive genes is providing new and important bioindicators for environmental biologists. Identifying genes whose expression is modulated by toxicant exposure provides important clues into the mechanisms underlying toxicity. In addition, toxicant-responsive genes can be developed as molecular end points that are likely to be sensitive tools for environmental assessment.

Cadmium-induced production of a metallothioneinlike protein in Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaeta) and Chironomus riparius (Diptera): correlation with reproduction and growth.

Laboratory-cultured Chironomus riparius and Tubifex tubifex were exposed to sediments artificially enriched with a range of cadmium (Cd) concentrations. Both species accumulated Cd in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentration of a metallothioneinlike protein (MTLP), as measured by a mercury saturation assay, increased with increasing Cd exposure.