The role of liver steatosis as measured with transient elastography and transaminases on hard clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Liver injury has been widely described in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to study the effect of liver biochemistry alterations, previous liver disease, and the value of liver elastography on hard clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a single-center prospective observational study in 370 consecutive patients admitted for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia.

Fontan protein-losing enteropathy is associated with advanced liver disease and a proinflammatory intestinal and systemic state.

Background And Aims: Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) after Fontan surgery carries significant morbimortality. Its pathophysiology and association with other Fontan complications are poorly understood. Our aims were to examine whether Fontan-PLE is associated with greater liver damage and to assess the presence of systemic and intestinal inflammation.

Patient perception and preference of EUS-guided drainage over percutaneous drainage when endoscopic transpapillary biliary drainage fails: An international multicenter survey.

Background And Objectives: EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is a feasible procedure when ERCP fails, as is percutaneous transhepatic BD (PTBD). However, little is known about patient perception and preference of EUS-BD and PTBD.

Patients And Methods: An international multicenter survey was conducted in seven tertiary referral centers.

Limited effectiveness with a 10-day bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (Pylera ) in third-line recue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. A real-life multicenter study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem worldwide. Pylera may be an option as salvage therapy.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerance of Pylera as a third-line in clinical practice.

Incidence, predictive factors and impacts of acute kidney injury in cirrhotic patients hospitalized for cellulitis.

Background & Aims: Cellulitis is a common infection in patients with cirrhosis but its impact on progression of liver disease has been hardly addressed. This study examines the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), predictive factors and its impacts on mortality in cirrhotic patients hospitalized for cellulitis.

Methods: Retrospective data from cirrhotic patients hospitalized for cellulitis over the period January 2006 to September 2015 were analysed.

Do patients with iron deficiency without anemia benefit from an endoscopic examination?

Objective: The need for endoscopic investigation in patients with iron deficiency without anemia (ID) is not established.

Methods: Data from patients with ID (serum ferritin ≤20 ng/mL, normal hemoglobin) studied with upper and lower endoscopies were retrospectively analyzed. Patients evaluated for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) served as controls, matched by sex and age in the proportion of 2:1.

Results of the implementation of a multidisciplinary programme of faecal microbiota transplantation by colonoscopy for the treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.

Introduction: Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is common and often difficult to manage. Faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is an effective therapeutic tool in these cases, although its applicability and effectiveness in Spain is currently unknown.

Aim: To analyse the technical aspects, safety and effectiveness of the first consolidated FMT programme in Spain.

Management of complex perianal Crohn's disease.

Patients with Crohn's disease often develop perianal disease, successfully managed in most cases. However, its most aggressive form, complex perianal disease, is associated with high morbidity and a significant impairment in patients' quality of life. The aim of this review is to provide an updated approach to this condition, reviewing aspects of its epidemiology, diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives.

Ulcerated submucosal gastric tumor. Could it be a benign condition?

In this article we present the case and images of an infrequent submucosal gastric tumor: an inflammatory fibroid polyp or Vanek´s tumor. When the tumor size exceeds the centimeter, it may be difficult to differentiate from malignant lesions. Endoscopic removal may be feasible and curative.

Proton-pump inhibitors adverse effects: a review of the evidence and position statement by the Sociedad Española de Patología Digestiva.

Introduction: In the last few years a significant number of papers have related the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) to potential serious adverse effects that have resulted in social unrest.

Objective: The goal of this paper was to provide a literature review for the development of an institutional position statement by Sociedad Española de Patología Digestiva (SEPD) regarding the safety of long-term PPI use.

Material And Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to draw conclusions based on a critical assessment of the following: a) current PPI indications; b) vitamin B12 deficiency and neurological disorders; c) magnesium deficiency; d) bone fractures; e) enteric infection and pneumonia; f) interactions with thienopyridine derivatives; e) complications in cirrhotic patients.

Practical considerations in the management of proton-pump inhibitors.

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most active ingredients prescribed in Spain. In recent decades there has been an overuse of these drugs in both outpatient clinics and hospitals that has lead to a significant increase in healthcare spending and to an increase in the risk of possible side effects. It is important for health professionals to know the accepted indications and the correct doses for the use of these drugs.

PPIs: between overuse and underprescription when really necessary.

Hydrochloric acid gastric secretion plays, among its primary physiological foundations, a role as protective barrier against infection with external agents from the diet and also contributes to the digestion of ingested food. However, this secretion is a critical factor shared by a number of highly prevalent diseases involving the upper gastrointestinal tract. Paradigms of such conditions include gastroduodenal peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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Syphilis is a chronic systemic infection mainly transmitted through sexual contact that shows a great variety of clinical manifestations. Liver involvement is an unusual complication mainly reported in HIV patients. In this case report we present a case of a 42-year-old immunocompent man with acute cholestatic hepatitis who was finally diagnosed of luetic hepatitis.

[Fecal microbiota transplantation].

Bacteria can no longer be seen as an enemy. Nowadays, there is enough evidence to place the microbiota as a key element in human homeostasis. Despite initial skepticism, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a real therapeutic alternative for patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.