[The case of completed pregnancy of the patient with Dandy-Walker malformation].

Dandy-Walker malformation is a rare disease of the central nervous system pathology (congenital malformations of the fossa cranii posterior). The key features of this syndrome are an enlargement of the fourth ventricle; complete absence of the cerebellar vermis, the posterior midline area of cerebellar cortex responsible for coordination of the axial musculature; and cyst formation near the internal base of the skull. Pregnant patients with Dandy-Walker malformation are at high risk and are managed by multidisciplinary teams including neurologists and obstetricians.

The study of the calpain and caspase-1 expression in ultrastructural dynamics of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma necrosis.

An expression of calpain and caspase-1 as well as the concomitant ultrastructural alterations were investigated during necrosis of the mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. The calpain expression was registered at 0 h and 1 h although caspase-1 did not induce any signals during these time periods. The rise of the cytoplasmic lytic zones contacted by calpain antibodies was identified as a morphologic event corresponding to the expression of calpain.

Effects of Exogenous H202 on the Content of Endogenous H₂0₂, Activities of Catalase and Hydrolases, and Cell Ultrastructure in Tobacco Leaves.

It was shown that tobacco leaf treatment with 100 mM H₂0₂ increased their content ofendogenous H₂0₂ and activities of catalase and hydrolases (acid phosphatase, proteases, and RNase) and also caused'various chang- es in the cell structure. In this case, programmed cell death (PCD) occurred in some cells, which was ob- served as chromatin condensation, cytoplasm collapse, etc. In the meantime, many cells displayed organelle activation rather than PCD.

[The case of completed pregnancy after hemorrhagic stroke in the patient with moyamoya disease].

Moya-moya syndrome is a rare chronic genetic disease characterized by progressive cerebral vascular occlusion and progressive stenosis of inner carotid arteries resulting in the frequent ischemic attacks and development of collateral arterial circulation. Pregnant patients with moya-moya syndrome are at high risk due to the development of complications. The authors present a case report of full-term pregnancy in a woman with moya-moya syndrome.

Effect of chitosan on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) accumulation, hydrolase activity, and morphological abnormalities of the viral particles in leaves of N. tabacum L. cv. Samsun.

The effect of chitosan on the development of infection caused by Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun has been studied.

[Effect of cyclopentene beta,beta'-triketone disodium salt on the activity of hydrolases and the state of tobacco mosaic virus particles in tobacco leaves].

The activity of hydrolases (protease, RNase) in uninfected and tobacco mosaic virus-infected tobacco leaves of the Samsun variety, untreated and treated with disodium salt of 2-acetyl-4-hydroxycarbonyl-methylthio-5-chlorocyclopent-4-en-1,3-dione (DS), was determined. It was shown that treatment of leaves with this compound significantly increased the activity of hydrolases in them compared to untreated leaves. In infected leaves treated with DS one day before infection, along with an increased level of hydrolases, one revealed more viral particles exposed to destructive changes in infected, rather than untreated, leaves.

[Effect of chitosan on the cell ultrastructure and activity of hydrolases in tobacco leaves].

Effect of chitosan on the mesophyll cell ultrastucture and activity of hydrolases in leaves of tobacco cv. Samsun was studied. It was shown that, in many cells, chitosan treatment stimulated the protein-synthesizing apparatus (nucleolus dimension and amount of both mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes increased) and, at the same time, caused some activation of lytic compartment expressed in the stimulation of the formation of dictyosomes, smooth ER elements and cytoplasmic vacuoles, which are all prominent constituents of this compartment.

Correlation between influence of polysaccharides on hydrolase activity and their antiviral effect in tobacco leaves.

The activities of hydrolases (acid phosphatase, RNase, and proteases) in healthy and tobacco mosaic virus-infected leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Samsun, both untreated and treated with polysaccharides (PS) (1,3;1,6-β-D-glucan, fucoidan, and κ/β-carrageenan), were determined.

[Electron microscopic study of the chitosan effect on the intracellular accumulation and the state of tobacco mosaic virus particles in tobacco leaves].

Influence of chitosan on the accumulation and state of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in the mesophyll cells of Nicotiana tabacum L. var Samsun leaves in early period of infection development (3 days after infection of leaves) has been studied. The virus accumulated in the cells of the leaves treated for 24 h before infection with chitosan to a lesser degree than in the control cells.

[Observation of cells tolerant of tobacco mosaic virus in virus-induced local lesions in Datura stramonium L. leaves].

Ultrastructural examination of tobacco mosaic virus-induced local lesions developing in leaves of Datura stramonium plants demonstrated that, in the central area of the lesions, the cell response to viral invasion was not uniform. Most cells exhibited an acute hypersensitive reaction and underwent rapid and complete necrosis. However, some cells, despite considerable virus accumulation and immediate contact with completely collapsed cells, maintained a certain degree of structural integrity.

[Inhibitory effect of kappa/beta-carrageenan from red alga Tichocarpus crinitus on the development of a potato virus X infection in leaves of Datura stramonium L].

The effect of kappa/beta-carrageenan from red alda Tichocarpus crinitus on the development of a potato virus X (PVX) infection in the leaves of Datura stramonium L. has been studied. The treatment of leaves with carrageenan stimulates a protein synthesis in the cells, causing an increase in the size of nucleoli and in the number of mitochondria and membranes of the granular endoplasmic reticulum.

[Study of the antiviral activity of cyclopentene beta,beta'-triketone disodium salt in the leaves of two Nicotiana tabacum L. cultivars infected with tobacco mosaic virus].

The effect of disodium salt of 2-acetyl-4-hydroxycarbonylmethylthio-5-chlorocyclopent-4-en-1,3-dione on development of the infection caused by tobacco mosaic virus in the leaves of two Nicotiana tabacum L. cultivars--an oversensitive cultivar Xanthi-nc and systemically affected Samsun--was studied. The results suggest that this compound interferes with reproduction of the virus.

[Effect of fucoidan on the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells of Datura stramonium L. and accumulation of potato virus X in them].

Influence of fucoidan from brown alga Fucus evanescens C. Ag. on the development of infection induced by potato virus X (PVX) in Datura stramonium leaves was studied.

[Influence of kappa/beta-carrageenan from red alga Tichocarpus crinitus on development of local infection induced by tobacco mosaic virus in Xanthi-nc tobacco leaves].

The influence of kappa/beta-carrageenan from red marine alga Tichocarpus crinitus on the development of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection in Xanthi-nc tobacco leaves was studied. It was shown that the number of necrotic lesions on the leaves inoculated with the mixture of TMV (2 microg/ml) and carrageenan (1 mg/ml) was reduced by 87%, compared to the leaves inoculated with the virus only. The suppression of virus infection was also observed when leaves were treated with carrageenan 24 h before or 24 h after leaf inoculation with TMV; however, in these cases, suppression was less evident than after inoculation with the virus-polysaccharide mixture.

[Influence of cyclopentane beta,beta'-triketones on the ultrastructure of root cap meristematic cells of Cucumis sativus L. seedlings].

The influence of cyclopentane beta,beta'-triketones on the ultrastructure of root cap meristematic cells of Cucumis sativus L. under inhibition of root growth by these compounds was studied. It was shown that treatment of the seedlings by these substances at the concentration of 100 microg/ml caused, on the one hand, stimulation of protein-synthesizing apparatus (increase in the nucleolus size and in the number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes) and, on the other hand, stimulation of lytic processes.

Enzymatic transformation of biologically active 1,3;1,6-beta-D-glucan. Structure and activity of resulting fragments.

The fragmentation of the biologically active 1,3;1,6-beta-D-glucan Antivir by endo-1,3-beta-D-glucanase LIV from crystalline styles of the marine mollusk Spisula sachalinensis was carried out. It was found that low molecular mass oligomers possessing a stabilizing effect on membranes and anti-viral activity against tobacco mosaic virus appeared in the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of Antivir. Biological activity of 1,3;1,6-beta-D-glucooligo- and polysaccharides was found to be associated with molecular mass (polymerization degree (n) not less than 14) and with presence of intralinked beta-1,6-connected monosaccharide residues.

Protection of transgenic tobacco plants expressing bovine pancreatic ribonuclease against tobacco mosaic virus.

Transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv. SR1) expressing extracellular pancreatic ribonuclease from Bos taurus and characterized by an increased level of ribonuclease activity in leaf extracts were challenged with tobacco mosaic virus. The transgenic plants exhibited a significantly higher level of protection against the virus infection than the control non-transformed plants.

Influence of culture conditions and virulence plasmids on expression of immunoglobulin-binding proteins of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.

The influence of culture conditions and plasmids on immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding activity of two isogenic strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (plasmid-free strain 48(-)82(-) and strain 48(+)82(+) bearing plasmids pYV48 and pVM82) was studied. The highest activity was observed in the bacteria grown on glucose-containing liquid medium in the stationary growth phase. The Ig-binding activity of the bacteria cultured on the liquid medium at pH 6.

[Effect of tobacco mosaic virus strains on the ultrastructure of parenchymal tobacco leaf cells].

It is shown that considerable amount of virus particles accumulates in the parenchymal cells infected with any of strains of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) isolated from affected plants of papper (TMV-p), tomato (TMV-t), eggplant (TMV-e). Along with normal, abnormal (swolled and "thin") virions were found that testifies to their destruction. In reply to infection, activation of the lysosomal compartment was observed in the cells that expressed in the formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, dyctiosomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum elements, different vesicles, mitochondria with invaginations, multivesicular bodies.

[Ultrastructure of parenchymal leaf cells of different soybean varieties systemically infected with soybean mosaic virus].

A comparative study was made of the ultrastructure of parenchyma leaf cells of different soybean varieties systemically infected with soybean mosaic virus (SMV). It has been shown that virus accumulation and formation of virus-specific cylindrical inclusions (CIs) occur in the infected cells, in addition to intracellular changes showing stimulation of lytic processes, such as activation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, cytosegresomes, myelin-like bodies, different disturbances in the structure of cell organelles. Many infected cells demonstrated microbodies with invagination in which cylindrical inclusions were often found showing signs of destruction.

[Ultrastructure of root cup meristematic cells of Cucumis sativus L. seedlings under inhibition of root growth by synthetic cyclopentene beta,beta'-triketone].

A study was made of the ultrastructure of root cap meristematic cells in the seedlings of Cucumis sativus L., whose growth was inhibited by the action of 2-acetyl-4-metylcyclopent-4-en-1,3-dione (AMCD). It is shown that the treatment of seeds by this substance at a concentration of 100 microg/ml leads to the main root inhibition by 73% and, as compared to the control, causes the highest changes in mitochondria that do not reach normal dimensions and undergo degeneration.

[The side effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of arterial hypertension].

Wide use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in clinical settings is to a certain extent associated with a small number of side effects developing after taking the above medicines. The most prominent ill effects of ACE inhibitors include hypotension, acute renal impairement in those patients presenting with stenosis of the renal artery or manifest circulatory insufficiency, hyperpotassemia developing because of taking potassium-storing diuretics; cough, Quincke's edema, headache, syncope, orthostatic hypotension, nausea, diarrhea, skin eruption.

[Changes in the central hemodynamics during the treatment of hypertension with Renitec and its combination with hydrochlorothiazide].

Overall sixty patients with hypertensive disease were examined for clinical effectiveness of the prolonged-action inhibitor angiotensine-converting enzyme renitek (enalapril maleate, MJD). The treatment schedule included placebo over two weeks, renitek as monotherapy, 20 mg daily, over 6 weeks, if the patients failed to derive any benefit from the therapy, they were placed on a 4-week combined therapy of renitek plus hydrochlorothiazide. Renitek was found to dispel cardialgias, reduce frequency of attacks of cardiac angina.