Study of gasdynamic electron cyclotron resonance plasma vacuum ultraviolet emission to optimize negative hydrogen ion production efficiency.

Negative hydrogen ion sources are used as injectors into accelerators and drive the neutral beam heating in ITER. Certain processes in low-temperature hydrogen plasmas are accompanied by the emission of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emission. Studying the VUV radiation, therefore, provides volumetric rates of plasma-chemical processes and plasma parameters.

A powerful pulsed "point-like" neutron source based on the high-current ECR ion source.

The paper presents recent results of a "pointlike" neutron source development based on a D-D fusion in a D-loaded target caused by its bombardment with a sharply focused deuterium ion beam. These developments are undergoing at the Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences in order to study a possibility to create an effective and compact device for fast-neutron radiography. The last experiments with a beam produced by a gasdynamic high-current ECR ion source and its focusing with a magnetic lens demonstrated that 60 mA of deuterium ions may be constricted to a transversal size of ∼1 mm at the focal plane.

Status of the gasdynamic ion source for multipurpose operation (GISMO) development at IAP RAS.

A new experimental facility named GISMO (Gasdynamic Ion Source for Multipurpose Operation) was constructed at the IAP RAS to continue investigations in the field of gasdynamic ion sources. The source utilizes 28 GHz/10 kW gyrotron radiation for heating magnetically confined plasma. Magnetic field configuration provided by a fully permanent magnet system is much like a simple mirror trap.

Wide-aperture dense plasma fluxes production based on ECR discharge in a single solenoid magnetic field.

Results of experimental investigation of the ECR discharge in a single coil magnetic field as an alternative to rf and helicon discharges for wide-aperture dense plasma fluxes production are presented. A possibility of obtaining wide-aperture high density hydrogen plasma fluxes with homogeneous transverse distribution was demonstrated in such a system. The prospects of using this system for obtaining high current ion beams are discussed.

[Treatment of purulent wounds by using of negative pressure].

It was analyzed the results of wounds treatment complicated by surgical infection. An apparatus for creating negative pressure VivanoTec/S042 was used for this in 74 patients. Types of surgical interventions depended on phase of inflammatory process and severity of clinical manifestations.

[Biocomposite nanostructured materials for the bone defects filling by osteomyelitis].

Results of the use of the biocomposite nanostructured material "KollapAn" in the treatment of 374 patients with osteomyelitis were followed up. 412 operations were performed, depending on the stage of the inflammatory process and clinical picture. Majorly, operation was performed on the 5-7th day after primary necrosequestrectomy.

Bolus-only platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibition during percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibitors (GPI) are traditionally administered as a bolus followed by an infusion. In the current era of routine stenting, we hypothesized that a bolus-only GPI strategy can be used during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in order to reduce bleeding complications, while preserving the benefits of inhibition of platelet aggregation at the time of device deployment.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients (n = 1001) who underwent PCI and received an unfractionated heparin (UFH) and bolus-only GPI regimen, from January 2003 to August 2004 in a single institution.

Effects of alcoholism on coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction in male veterans.

Background: Heavy alcohol consumption is a well-known cause of dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertension, but its effects on coronary atherosclerosis are less well understood. The objective of this study was to compare coronary anatomy and left ventricular dysfunction in patients with and without alcoholism associated with heavy consumption.

Methods: We studied 100 consecutive alcoholic male patients presenting with chest pain to the Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System (VA) between 1994 and 2002.

Percutaneous coronary intervention in a patient with congenital factor XI deficiency and acquired inhibitor.

Background: Factor XI deficiency has been associated with bleeding diathesis mostly secondary to trauma and post-operatively depending on the severity of deficiency. Cases with factor XI deficiency having undergone cardiac surgery and coronary intervention after appropriate replacement therapy have been reported in the past. The presence of inhibitor in factor XI deficiency poses a hematological challenge and literature regarding coronary intervention in such patients is limited.

Total hip replacement in Jehovah's Witnesses under spinal anesthesia without transfusion.

Ninety patients who were Jehovah's Witnesses underwent 107 total hip replacements without transfusion; all procedures were performed under spinal anesthesia. Of these 90, 87 had not previously undergone hip replacement surgery. They sustained an average intraoperative blood loss of 300 mL, which was a significant reduction compared with that in controlled groups of patients reported by other authors.

The use of an integral tissue expander for primary breast reconstruction.

The authors emphasize the recent advances in breast reconstruction provided by use of the skin expander device. A Silastic percutaneous skin expander developed by the authors and the Dow Corning Corporation has been used by them in breast reconstruction for the past 7 years with satisfactory results. Important design differences in the device suggested by the authors include the use of a reinforced backing which consists of Dacron Silastic sheeting extending beyond the inflatable tear-drop-shaped envelope for approximately 3/8 of an inch, thus adding strength and rigidity to the envelope and the rim, and making it possible for the rim of the expander implant to be sutured in an appropriate orientation.

Fluorocarbons and the microcirculation.

A short discussion of oxygen transport and delivery by fluorocarbon containing blood substitutes is presented. Those physical properties of the preparations that would tend to cause improvement in oxygenation in areas of damaged or impeded microcirculation are also discussed. A number of studies carried out at the Erasmus University, Rotterdam have demonstrated certain important characteristics of fluorocarbons with respect to tissue oxygenation.

The preoperative treatment of severely anemic patients with a perfluorochemical oxygen-transport fluid, Fluosol-DA.

We gave a perfluorochemical oxygen-transport fluid and plasma expander, Fluosol-DA, to seven severely anemic patients before surgery to determine its effectiveness in supplementing oxygen transport. The dose of Fluosol in the five patients completing the study was 20 ml per kilogram of body weight. When the patients breathed low levels of supplemental oxygen (mean partial pressure of arterial oxygen +/- S.

Hemodynamic and oxygen transport effects of a perfluorochemical blood substitute, fluosol-DA (20%).

Cardiorespiratory measurements were made in a severely anemic patient (hemoglobin concentration of 3.5 g/dl) who was preoperatively given the perfluorochemical blood substitute (Fluosol-DA, 20%). Hemodynamic and oxygen transport variables were monitored, including arterial and mixed venous oxygen content (CaO2 and CVO2) before, during, and after infusion of 1000 ml of Fluosol as well as throughout the intraoperative period.

Hydrogen sulfide production by Pseudomonas putrefaciens in shrimp experimentally packed in nitrogen.

Shrimp refrigerated in a nitrogen atmosphere develop off-odors not typical of normal spoilage. Investigations of this phenomenon showed that hydrogen sulfide developed in the headspace gas, and a large percentage of the microbial population present on the shrimp stored in nitrogen was capable of hydrogen sulfide production, in contrast to the flora on shrimp stored in air. The predominant hydrogen sulfide-producing organism, Pseudomonas putrefaciens, was present in low numbers on fresh shrimp but usually reached high numbers by day 8 of nitrogen storage.