Association of physical activity with body mass index, waist circumference and incidence of obesity in older adults.

Background: There is limited, and inconsistent, data on the prospective association between physical activity and surrogate markers of adiposity in older adults. We aim to determine the prospective association of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and the incidence of obesity.

Methods: This prospective analysis included 7144 individuals with a mean age of 67 ± 6.

[Epistemology as health research propedeutics].

The present article advocates the need for epistemological training prior to the study of biostatistics and epidemiology. Taking Plato as the starting point, we reached this conclusion after analysis of the paradigm problems affecting biostatistics and the connotations of causality and research time in major epidemiological designs. External validity is intimately linked to the philosophical problem of induction.

Multivariate explanatory model for sporadic carcinoma of the colon in Dukes' stages I and IIa.

Objective: We obtained before an explanatory model with six dependant variables: age of the patient, total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), VLDL cholesterol (VLDL-C), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and the CA 19.9 tumour marker. Our objective in this study was to validate the model by means of the acquisition of new records for an additional analysis.

[1991-2004 follow-up of a Spanish general population cohort. Mortality and raising risk factors in the DRECE III Study (Diet and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Spain)].

Background: The DRECE III study is based on the follow up of a cohort representative of the Spanish general population. The mortality, its main causes and relevant risk factors have been analyzed.

Methods: The DRECE cohort is composed of 4783 subjects followed since 1991 to 2004 (70930 person-years).

Has mortality from malignant melanoma stopped rising in Spain? Analysis of trends between 1975 and 2001.

Background: There have been suggestions that mortality from cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is starting to level off in the European Union.

Objectives: To analyse changes in CMM mortality trends in Spain during 1975-2001 using joinpoint regression models.

Methods: Mortality data were obtained from the National Statistics Institute.

[Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to study white coat syndrome in patients with hypertension seen in primary care].

Introduction And Objectives: The white coat phenomenon is said to occur when the difference between systolic/diastolic blood pressure measured during visits to the doctor's office and in ambulatory recordings is greater than 20/10. These absolute differences, known as the white coat effect, may lead to normotensive patients being classified as having white coat hypertension (WCH). We used ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) to monitor the prevalence and response (white coat effect, white coat hypertension or white coat phenomenon) in patients during pharmacological treatment for grade 1 or 2 hypertension, and 4 weeks after treatment was suspended under medical supervision.

[Influence on white coat effect and heart rate of antihypertensive agents used at a urban health center].

Background: We name white coat effect (WCE) to the difference between the systolic arterial pressure (SAP)/diastolic AP (DAP) of consulting room and the ambulatory obtained one with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). In our work we analyzed by means of ABPM, the influence of the antihypertensive medicaments on the WCE and the cardiac frequency of use of the antihypertensive ones.

Design: Almost experimental study (with a period before and a period later) and descriptive.

[Dietary habits of the population of an urban health district].

Objective: To find the eating habits of the adult population of an urban health district.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting: Primary care.

[Validation of two systems of self-measurement of blood pressure, the OMRON HEM-705 CP and OMRON M1 (HEM 422C2-E) models].

Objective. To validate two monitors on the market for self-measurement of blood pressure (SMBP), an automatic one (OMRON HEM-705 CP) and a semi-automatic one (OMRON M1).Design.

[An alternative method for the diagnosis of an anterosuperior hemiblock].

Objective: To develop and validate a rapid method for diagnosing superior anterior hemiblock, comparing it with the system seen as standard.

Design: Comparison study of two diagnostic tests.

Setting: Urban health centre.

[Stroke mortality in Andalusia: where are we going?].

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore temporal changes in stroke mortality in Andalusia over the period 1975-1994 and estimate the rates until the year 2000.

Design: Descriptive study.

Setting: Comunidad Andaluza.

Stroke: trends in mortality in Andalusia (Spain), 1975-1992.

The aim of this study was to explore temporal changes in stroke mortality in Andalusia over the period 1975-1992. Mortality rates were standardized directly using those of the European population as the standard, and regression analysis was undertaken. Age standardized overall mortality rates for stroke decreased considerably among men, from 199.

[Analysis of mortality trends of ischemic heart disease in Andalucia (1975-1992)].

Objective: To describe the evolution of mortality due to ischaemic heart diseases in Andalucia between 1975 and 1992 and predict rates up to the year 2000.

Design: Descriptive study.

Setting: The Autonomous Community of Andalucia.

[Diabetes as a risk factor for tooth loss in the geriatric population].

Objective: A comparative study of the level and type of tooth loss, and the use of dental prostheses, was performed on one diabetic sample and another non-diabetic one, taken from elderly people receiving health care at the San Pablo Health Centre, Sevilla, in order to assess the repercussion of diabetes on tooth loss.

Design: A descriptive and observational study of a crossover type.

Setting: Primary care.

[An evaluation of the Spacelabs 90207 model of the ambulatory arterial pressure monitoring system].

Background: The aim of the present study was to validate the SpaceLabs 90207 apparatus used in non-invasive outpatient monitoring of blood pressure.

Methods: The measurements of blood pressure (BP) and cardiac frequency (CF) obtained with the SpaceLabs monitor were compared with those obtained with a mercury sphygmomanometer used as the reference method in 86 patients with a wide range of ages and BP. The differences between both methods of measurement were quantified by a previously protocolized grade system from the British Hypertension Society (BHS).

[Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: serologic study of a family outbreak in primary care].

Objective: To describe the clinical-radiological, epidemiological, therapeutic and evolutive characteristics of an outbreak of atypical Pneumonia in a family, which was serologically diagnosed by means of the technique of complement fixation of Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma.

Design: A descriptive study.

Setting: An urban Health Centre.

[The influence of changes in the blood pressure and plasma renin activity on the natriuretic effect of nifedipine].

Background: The possible influence of the variations in blood pressure and the plasma renin activity (PRA) after the administration of nifedipine (NIF) on the natriuretic effect of this calcium antagonist were evaluated.

Methods: The differences in the values of sodium excretion and tubular reabsorption were evaluated in 18 patients with essential hypertension with the method of the lithium clearance before and after the administration of a sublingual NIF dose.

Results: An increase in sodium excretion at the expense of a smaller distal reabsorption was found after NIF administration, without differences in patients with (n = 9) or without (n = 9) increase in PRA after NIF administration.

[Differences in the renal handling of sodium according to the response to captopril].

We study the modifications of sodium tubular resorption, measured by lithium clearance after a single dosage of sublingual captopril, administered to 24 patients afflicted with nonfiltration after captopril produced an increase of proximal resorption of sodium, compensated by minor distal resorption, keeping a constant natriuresis. The different effects of captopril on blood pressure create 2 groups: a) patients who showed a decrease of blood pressure (n = 14), where a fall of distal resorption of sodium simultaneous with an increase of fractional sodium excretion was registered, and b) patients who did not experience changes in blood pressure nor changes after tubular function tests.