Risk Factors, Manifestations, and Implications of Chyle Leak -Following Pancreatic Surgery: The Volume May Outweigh the Milky Appearance of the Drainage in a Chyle Leak.

Objective: To identify the risk factors, manifestations, and clinical implications of chyle leak (CL) after pancreatic surgery, and to reappraise the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition and classification of CL.

Summary Background Data: The risk factors, clinical scenarios, and management of CL after pancreatic surgery remain controversial.

Methods: Data from patients who underwent pancreatic surgery between January 2019 and July 2023 were retrieved from an institutional database.

Forkhead box P1 transcriptionally activates IGF-1 to lighten ox-LDL-induced endothelial cellular senescence by inactivating NLRP3 inflammasome.

Endothelial cell (EC) senescence is a major contributor in atherosclerosis (AS) development. Herein, the role of forkhead box P transcription factor 1 (FOXP1) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 in regulating EC senescence during AS progression was investigated. The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using qRT-PCR and western blot.

Commercial kitchen operations produce a diverse range of gas-phase reactive nitrogen species.

Gas-phase reactive nitrogen species (N) are important drivers of indoor air quality. Cooking and cleaning are significant direct sources indoors, whose emissions will vary depending on activity and materials used. Commercial kitchens experience regular high volumes of both cooking and cleaning, making them ideal study locations for exploring emission factors from these sources.

Effect of Specific Surface Area and Hydrophobicity of Electrospun Nanofibers on the Sustained Release Performance of Diclofenac Sodium.

Nanofibers produced by electrospinning are suitable options for slow-release materials. Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication with a brief half-life that can serve as an effective sustained-release agent. This paper presents a novel method for producing DS-sustained release nanofibers by electrostatic spinning processes.

Unraveling the Role of the Stoichiometry of Atomic Layer Deposited Nickel Cobalt Oxides on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Nickel cobalt oxides (NCOs) are promising, non-precious oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts. However, the stoichiometry-dependent electrochemical behavior makes it crucial to understand the structure-OER relationship. In this work, NCO thin film model systems are prepared using atomic layer deposition.

The role of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization following repeated curative resection/ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma with early recurrence: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: The role of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) following repeated resection/ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of adjuvant TACE following repeated resection or ablation in patients with early recurrent HCC.

Methods: Information for patients who underwent repeated surgery or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for early recurrent HCCs (< 2 years) at our institution from January 2017 to December 2020 were collected.

Complete male-to-female sex reversal in XY mice lacking the miR-17~92 cluster.

Mammalian sex determination is controlled by antagonistic gene cascades operating in embryonic undifferentiated gonads. The expression of the Y-linked gene SRY is sufficient to trigger the testicular pathway, whereas its absence in XX embryos leads to ovarian differentiation. Yet, the potential involvement of non-coding regulation in this process remains unclear.

Nomogram for Predicting Postoperative Pulmonary Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Inflammatory Markers.

Background: Uncertainty surrounds the usefulness of inflammatory markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients for predicting postoperative pulmonary metastasis (PM). The purpose of this study was to assess the predictive value of inflammatory markers as well as to create a new nomogram model for predicting PM.

Methods: Cox regression was utilized to identify independent prognostic variables and to create a nomogram that predicted PM for comparison with a validation cohort and other prediction systems.

Targeting cancer-associated fibroblast autophagy renders pancreatic cancer eradicable with immunochemotherapy by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance.

Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) macroautophagy/autophagy is crucial in tumor development and may be a therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the role of CAF autophagy during immune surveillance and cancer immunotherapy is unclear. The present study revealed that the inhibition of CAF autophagy suppresses tumor development in immune-deficient xenografts.

Effects of Reduction Methods on the Performance of MR-1 Palladium/Carbon Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

The influence of the reduction method on the morphology and performance of the catalyst still controversial. In this study, hydrogen, MR-1 (MR-1), MR-1 and hydrogen coreduction are used to reduce the palladium ions adsorbed by MR-1 to obtain Pd/C, Pd/C, and Pd/C catalyst, respectively. It is found that the palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) in Pd/C are the largest, while the Pd NPs in Pd/C are the smallest.

Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Therapy: A Multi-center Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The aim of this work was to investigate the pregnancy outcomes in infertile patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) undergoing assisted reproductive therapy (ART).

Methods: A multi-center retrospective study was performed in pregnant women with pSS and ART from five tertiary hospitals from Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2022. Natural planned pregnancy in pSS and healthy people undergoing ART were selected as controls.

Association of adiposity with risk of obstructive sleep apnea: a population-based study.

Background: Obesity is a crucial risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but the association between adiposity deposition and OSA risk has not reached a consistent conclusion. This study sought to reveal the association of multiple adiposity indicators with OSA risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 9,733 participants aged 35-74 years, recruited from an ongoing population-based cohort.

Pulse rate variability predicted cardiovascular disease in sleep disordered breathing: The Guangdong sleep health study.

Objectives: Pulse rate variability (PRV) predicts stroke in patients with sleep disordered breathing (SDB). However, the relationship between PRV and cardiovascular disease (CVD) was unknown in SDB.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

APAP Treatment Acceptance Rate and Cost-Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study evaluated the treatment acceptance rate and cost-effectiveness of the telemedicine model in clinical practice for adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Patients And Methods: Patients admitted to the sleep center for snoring were randomly divided into telemedicine and control groups. Patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSA using the Home Sleep Apnea Test (HSAT) were voluntarily treated with auto-adjusted positive airway pressure (APAP) therapy.

Targeting leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 sensitizes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not sensitive to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and negative feedback of tumor immune evasion might be partly responsible. We isolated CD8+ T cells and cultured them in vitro. Proteomics analysis was performed to compare changes in Panc02 cell lines cultured with conditioned medium, and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) was identified as a differential gene.

The association of serum IL-33/ST2 expression with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: IL-33 is a multifunctional cytokine with dual functions. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of IL-33 in cancer patients, especially in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a study of 565 patients with HCC and 561 healthy controls and performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the above problems.

Study on the effect of protein lysine lactylation modification in macrophages on inhibiting periodontitis in rats.

Background: Protein lysine lactylation (Kla) has been proved to be closely related to inflammatory diseases, but its role in periodontitis (PD) is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the global profiling of Kla in PD models in rats.

Methods: Clinical periodontal samples were collected, the inflammatory state of tissues was verified by H&E staining, and lactate content was detected by a lactic acid kit.

The overgeneralization of pain-related fear in individuals with higher pain sensitivity: A behavioral and event-related potential study.

Fear generalization contributes to the development and maintenance of pain. Pain sensitivity has been proposed to predict the strength of fear responses to aversive stimuli. However, whether individual variation in pain sensitivity affects pain-related fear generalization and its underlying cognitive processing remains unclear.

Association between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter and pulmonary function among men and women in typical areas of South and North China.

Background: Studies comparing the effects of different sizes and concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM) on pulmonary function in different regions and sexes remain sparse.

Objectives: To investigate the associations of different sizes and levels of long-term ambient PM exposure with pulmonary function among people of different sexes in typical areas of South and North China.

Methods: In 2021, a total of 1,592 participants aged 20-73 years were recruited to participate in the pulmonary function test from the baseline survey of the Diverse Life-Course Cohort (DLCC) in typical areas of Guangdong Province and Hebei Province.

Indoor and outdoor air quality impacts of cooking and cleaning emissions from a commercial kitchen.

Gas and particulate emissions from commercial kitchens are important contributors to urban air quality. Not only are these emissions important for occupational exposure of kitchen staff, but they can also be vented to outdoors, causing uncertain health and environmental impacts. In this study, we chemically speciated volatile organic compounds and measured particulate matter mass concentrations in a well-ventilated commercial kitchen for two weeks, including during typical cooking and cleaning operations.