Comparative study of single and dual nerve transfers for repairing shoulder abduction.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of single and dual nerve transfer for the repair of shoulder abduction in patients with upper or upper and middle trunk root avulsion.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective analysis of 20 patients with C5-C6 or C5-C7 root avulsion treated by nerve transfer in our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups according to the different operation methods.

Visual and Hedonic Perception of Food Stimuli in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and their Relationship to Food Neophobia.

The present study examined whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children differed in visual perception of food stimuli at both sensorimotor and affective levels. A potential link between visual perception and food neophobia was also investigated. To these aims, 11 children with ASD and 11 TD children were tested.

Identifying different types of flood-sensitive diarrheal diseases from 2006 to 2010 in Guangxi, China.

Floods may influence different types of diarrheal diseases and epidemiological studies of pathogen-specific diarrhea due to floods in China are still needed. In addition, few studies have been conducted to quantify the lag and cumulative risk of diarrheal disease due to floods in Guangxi, China. Our study aimed to identify different types of diarrheal diseases that were sensitive to floods and to quantify their lag and cumulative impact.

Outcome of contralateral C7 transfers to different recipient nerves after global brachial plexus avulsion.

Introduction: Contralateral cervical seventh nerve root (CC7) transfer has been widely applied for treatment of traumatic brachial plexus injury. The purpose of the study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with global brachial plexus avulsion (GBPA) after CC7 transfer and compare the recoveries of median nerve as the only recipient nerve and one of the multiple recipient nerves.

Methods: A retrospective review of 51 patients treated with CC7 transfers after GBPA was carried out.

Endogenous automatic nerve discharge promotes nerve repair: an optimized animal model.

Exogenous electrical nerve stimulation has been reported to promote nerve regeneration. Our previous study has suggested that endogenous automatic nerve discharge of the phrenic nerve and intercostal nerve has a positive effect on nerve regeneration at 1 month postoperatively, but a negative effect at 2 months postoperatively, which may be caused by scar compression. In this study, we designed four different rat models to avoid the negative effect from scar compression.

Yeast Models of Phosphomannomutase 2 Deficiency, a Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation.

Phosphomannomutase 2 Deficiency (PMM2-CDG) is the most common monogenic congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) affecting at least 800 patients globally. PMM2 orthologs are present in model organisms, including the budding yeast gene SEC53 Here we describe conserved genotype-phenotype relationships across yeast and human patients between five PMM2 loss-of-function missense mutations and their orthologous SEC53 mutations. These alleles range in severity from folding defective (hypomorph) to dimerization defective (severe hypomorph) to catalytic dead (null).

Aqueous Stable TiC MXene Membrane with Fast and Photoswitchable Nanofluidic Transport.

High, stable, and modulatable ionic conductivity is important for many nanofluidic applications of layered two-dimensional (2D) membranes. In this study, we demonstrate a proton and ionic conductivity of the TiCT membrane that is orders of magnitude higher than that of bulk solution at low concentrations. Importantly, the membrane is highly stable in aqueous solution without any modification, due to the strong and attractive interlayer van der Waals interaction and weak electrostatic repulsive interaction.

[Influence of diurnal temperature range on influenza incidence in the elderly].

To understand the influence of diurnal temperature range (DTR) on influenza incidence in the elderly in Beijing and to conduct a subgroup analysis. The incidence data of daily influenza cases in the elderly and daily meteorological data from 2014 to 2016 in Beijing were collected for this study. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to explore whether the relationship between daily influenza cases and DTR is a linear one.

Simultaneous Identification and Dynamic Analysis of Saccharides during Steam Processing of Rhizomes of by HPLC⁻QTOF⁻MS/MS.

The sweet rhizomes of are widely used as a tonic and functional food. A sensitive and rapid analytical method was developed for simultaneous identification and dynamic analysis of saccharides during steam processing in using HPLC⁻QTOF⁻MS/MS. Fructose, sorbitol, glucose, galactose, sucrose, and 1-kestose were identified, as well as a large number of oligosaccharides constituted of fructose units through β-(2→1) or β-(2→6).

The Yeast DNA Damage Checkpoint Kinase Rad53 Targets the Exoribonuclease, Xrn1.

The highly conserved DNA damage response (DDR) pathway monitors the genomic integrity of the cell and protects against genotoxic stresses. The apical kinases, Mec1 and Tel1 (ATR and ATM in human, respectively), initiate the DNA damage signaling cascade through the effector kinases, Rad53 and Chk1, to regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell cycle progression, DNA damage repair, chromatin remodeling, and transcription. The DDR also regulates other cellular pathways, but direct substrates and mechanisms are still lacking.

Effect of ambient temperature and its effect modifiers on bacillary dysentery in Jinan, China.

Background: Studies about the modified effect among various meteorological factors on bacillary dysentery (BD) are limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ambient temperature and its effect modifiers on BD in Jinan.

Methods: Daily data of BD cases and meteorological factors from 2005 to 2013 were collected.

Electrophysiologic recovery of the abductor pollicis brevis after contralateral C7 nerve transfer in 95 patients with global brachial plexus avulsion.

In this study, we investigated the electrophysiologic recovery of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle after contralateral seventh cervical (cC7) nerve transfer for the treatment of global brachial plexus avulsion (GBPA). We retrospectively analyzed the electromyography records of 95 patients with GBPA, comprising 81 men and 14 women, focusing on the motor unit potential (MUP) recovery of the APB. All patients underwent cC7-median nerve (MN) transfer.

Correction to: Efficacy of fulvestrant in the treatment of postmenopausal women with endocrine-resistant advanced breast cancer in routine clinical practice.

A sentence under 'Results' heading in the Abstract section was published incorrectly. The correct sentence should read as follows.

No clear evidence for correlations between handgrip strength and sexually dimorphic acoustic properties of voices.

Objectives: Recent research on the signal value of masculine physical characteristics in men has focused on the possibility that such characteristics are valid cues of physical strength. However, evidence that sexually dimorphic vocal characteristics are correlated with physical strength is equivocal. Consequently, we undertook a further test for possible relationships between physical strength and masculine vocal characteristics.

Association between floods and typhoid fever in Yongzhou, China: Effects and vulnerable groups.

Background: Little information about the effects of floods on typhoid fever is available in previous studies. This study aimed to examine the relationships between floods and typhoid fever and to identify the vulnerable groups in Yongzhou, China.

Methods: Weekly typhoid fever data, flood data and meteorological data during the flood season (April to September) from 2005 to 2012 were collected for this study.

Total brachial plexus injury: contralateral C7 root transfer to the lower trunk the median nerve.

Contralateral C7 (cC7) root transfer to the healthy side is the main method for the treatment of brachial plexus root injury. A relatively new modification of this method involves cC7 root transfer to the lower trunk via the prespinal route. In the current study, we examined the effectiveness of this method using electrophysiological and histological analyses.

Tracking the recognition of static and dynamic facial expressions of emotion across the life span.

The effective transmission and decoding of dynamic facial expressions of emotion is omnipresent and critical for adapted social interactions in everyday life. Thus, common intuition would suggest an advantage for dynamic facial expression recognition (FER) over the static snapshots routinely used in most experiments. However, although many studies reported an advantage in the recognition of dynamic over static expressions in clinical populations, results obtained from healthy participants are contrasted.

In vitro inhalation bioaccessibility for particle-bound hydrophobic organic chemicals: Method development, effects of particle size and hydrophobicity, and risk assessment.

Bioaccessibility of particle-bound hydrophobic organic contaminants and related particle size effects are significant for assessing the potential human health risk via inhalation exposure, but have not been clearly evaluated. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study developed an in vitro method to estimate the inhalation bioaccessibility of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using simulated human lung fluids, i.e.

No compelling evidence that more physically attractive young adult women have higher estradiol or progesterone.

Putative associations between sex hormones and attractive physical characteristics in women are central to many theories of human physical attractiveness and mate choice. Although such theories have become very influential, evidence that physically attractive and unattractive women have different hormonal profiles is equivocal. Consequently, we investigated hypothesized relationships between salivary estradiol and progesterone and two aspects of women's physical attractiveness that are commonly assumed to be correlated with levels of these hormones: facial attractiveness (N = 249) and waist-to-hip ratio (N = 247).

Comparative study of phrenic and partial ulnar nerve transfers for elbow flexion after upper brachial plexus avulsion: A retrospective clinical analysis.

The widely used nerve transfer sources for elbow flexion in patients with upper brachial plexus avulsion (UBPA) include partial ulnar nerve, phrenic nerve, and intercostal nerves. A retrospective review of 21 patients treated with phrenic and partial ulnar nerve transfers for elbow flexion after UBPA was carried out. In the phrenic nerve transfer group, the phrenic nerve was transferred to the anterolateral bundle of the anterior division of the upper trunk; in the partial ulnar nerve transfer group, one fascicle of the ulnar nerve was transferred to the biceps branch.

Temporal multivariate pattern analysis (tMVPA): A single trial approach exploring the temporal dynamics of the BOLD signal.

Background: fMRI provides spatial resolution that is unmatched by non-invasive neuroimaging techniques. Its temporal dynamics however are typically neglected due to the sluggishness of the hemodynamic signal.

New Methods: We present temporal multivariate pattern analysis (tMVPA), a method for investigating the temporal evolution of neural representations in fMRI data, computed on single-trial BOLD time-courses, leveraging both spatial and temporal components of the fMRI signal.

Size distribution and clothing-air partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generated by barbecue.

Unlabelled: Barbecue (BBQ) is one of the most popular cooking activities with charcoal worldwide and produces abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulate matter. Size distribution and clothing-air partitioning of particle-bound PAHs are significant for assessing potential health hazards to humans due to exposure to BBQ fumes, but have not been examined adequately. To address this issue, particle and gaseous samples were collected at 2-m and 10-m distances from a cluster of four BBQ stoves.

Quantifying facial expression signal and intensity use during development.

Behavioral studies investigating facial expression recognition during development have applied various methods to establish by which age emotional expressions can be recognized. Most commonly, these methods employ static images of expressions at their highest intensity (apex) or morphed expressions of different intensities, but they have not previously been compared. Our aim was to (a) quantify the intensity and signal use for recognition of six emotional expressions from early childhood to adulthood and (b) compare both measures and assess their functional relationship to better understand the use of different measures across development.