Cement based materials may contain varying levels of radionuclides, mainly Ra (from the U series), Th and K, which are used to determine the Activity Concentration Index ("ACI"). According to the European directive Euratom 2013/59 in these materials, the "ACI" must be < 1 to be suitable for their use in construction. In this paper, data on the activity concentration of natural radionuclides in cement-based materials (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing durable materials is a sustainable solution for extending the lifetime of constructions. The use of crystalline admixtures makes cementitious materials more durable. They plug pores, capillary tracts and microcracks, blocking the entrance of water due to the formation of crystals that prevent the penetration of liquids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe γ-radiation emitted by building materials is calculated from the activity indices for Th, Ra and K and expressed as the activity concentration index (ACI). Gamma spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique frequently used to simultaneously determine the indices for several radionuclides. Spectral interpretation poses a number of challenges, including identification of γ-lines subject to summing-in effects, interference from other γ-ray emitting radionuclides and the time required to reach secular equilibrium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To provide an overview of the development and implementation of a peer review process for advanced practice nurses (APNs) based on critical incidents that provide meaningful evaluation of practice and meets the needs of APNs across multiple care specialties and practice situations.
Data Sources: A review of the literature and evaluation of the existing peer review process currently in place at a large tertiary care facility.
Conclusions: Peer review is central to self-regulation and professional practice for APNs.