Real-world insights and outcomes related to ciclosporin A 0.1% cationic emulsion for the long-term treatment of dry eye disease in Germany: Country-level sub-analysis of the PERSPECTIVE study.

Purpose: The PERSPECTIVE study was a real-world European, non-interventional, multicenter, observational study that evaluated the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of ciclosporin A (CsA) 0.1% cationic emulsion (CE) in routine clinical practice as a treatment for adults with severe keratitis and dry eye disease (DED) that remained insufficiently controlled with artificial tears. This sub-analysis examined data from ophthalmology clinics in Germany to provide more precise insights into treatment patterns, outcomes, and clinical decision-making related to CsA 0.

Real-World Effectiveness, Tolerability and Safety of Cyclosporine A 0.1% Cationic Emulsion in Severe Keratitis and Dry Eye Treatment.

Introduction: The PERSPECTIVE study evaluated, in routine clinical practice, the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of cyclosporine A (CsA) 0.1% cationic emulsion (CE) in controlling severe keratitis in adults with dry eye who remained insufficiently controlled despite artificial tear (AT) use.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted at 44 ophthalmology clinics across Finland, Germany, Norway, Sweden and the UK.

[Adherence to anti-VEGF treatment-Considerations and practical recommendations].

Background: Numerous studies have identified a lack of treatment adherence as an important factor that often conflicts with the necessary number of anti-VEGF injections and therefore a better functional result.

Objective: This article discusses approaches and possible measures to reduce the risk of late and infrequent intravitreal injections leading to the major issue of undertreatment.

Material And Method: In the course of an expert dialogue, relevant parameters of treatment adherence and variables were identified.

Clinical and Ophthalmological Characteristics of Ocular Syphilis in a Retrospective Tertiary Hospital Cohort.

Background: Data on ocular syphilis (OS) and its clinical presentation are currently insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of a cohort with a high OS incidence at a university hospital in Germany, focusing on the clinical presentation of OS.

Methods: This single-center cohort study retrospectively analyzed data on 90 patients with 109 episodes of syphilis between 2008 and 2018.

Systematic review: non-adherence and non-persistence in intravitreal treatment.

Purpose: Intravitreal injection of VEGF inhibitors has become the standard of care for different macular diseases within the last years resulting in improved visual outcomes. Under real-life conditions, however, the necessity for frequent retreatments and reexaminations poses a burden for patients and treatment centers. Non-adherence and non-persistence to intravitreal treatment may lead to inferior clinical outcomes, and knowledge of contributing factors is crucial to improve adherence.

Systemic exposure to intracameral vs topical mydriatic agents: in cataract surgery.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare systemic exposure to tropicamide/phenylephrine following intracameral or topical administration before cataract surgery.

Patients And Methods: Mydriatics exposure was calculated in patients randomized to intracameral fixed combination of mydriatics and anesthetic ([ICMA]: tropicamide 0.02%, phenylephrine 0.

[Vascular Biomarkers in Retinal Vessel Analysis].

Modern non-invasive imaging procedures - including fundus photography and optical filming - can be used to investigate objective aspects of changes in the function and structure of retinal vessels. In the pre-, post- and capillary areas, the status and behaviour of retinal vessels passively and actively influence blood flow and flow-related metabolism through changes in vascular diameter. Retinal vessels have the same structure and function as cerebral vessels and reflect the status of the microcirculation.

Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium in the treatment of non-infectious intermediate uveitis: results of a prospective, controlled, randomised, open-label, early terminated multicentre trial.

Background/aims: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) in combination with low-dose corticosteroids compared with a monotherapy with low-dose corticosteroids in subjects with non-infectious intermediate uveitis (IU).

Methods: Open-label, prospective, controlled, randomised multicentre trial. Patients were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either the treatment group (prednisolone plus EC-MPS) or control group (prednisolone monotherapy).

[Can Anti-VEGF Injections Cause Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension?].

An increasing number of patients receive intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections with a high frequency for the treatment of neovascular macular disease. Since the volume of the vitreous body is temporarily increased by the injection of the substances, a short-term intraocular pressure increase after the introduction of the substance is not uncommon. However, there are more and more reports indicating that multiple injections may lead to a long-term increase in intraocular pressure.

[Possibilities and limitations of eye drops for glaucoma therapy].

Background: In Germany, chronic open-angle glaucoma is mostly treated by daily eye drop application. The possibilities and limitations of this form of therapy are presented. Reasons for the change in the selection of the preferred substances over time are also discussed and the limits of local drug therapy are described.

[Possibilities and limitations of glaucoma surgery].

Background: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and in many cases cannot be adequately controlled with conservative treatment.

Materials And Methods: Schematic evaluation of various surgical techniques.

Results: Trabeculectomy is the gold standard of glaucoma surgery and requires close follow-up care.

[Mastered with statistics: perfect eye drops and ideal screening test : Possibilities and limits of statistical methods for glaucoma].

Background: The use and the understanding of statistics are very important for biomedical research and for the clinical practice. This is particularly true for estimation of the possibilities for different diagnostic and therapy options in the field of glaucoma. The apparent complexity and contraintuitiveness of statistics along with a cautious acceptance by many physicians, might be the cause of conscious and unconscious manipulation with data representation and interpretation.

[Botulinum toxin injections for senile entropium].

Involutive changes in the collagen and muscular structures of the lower lid in ageing may lead to the formation of senile entropium. Treatment of this condition may be achieved using botulinum toxin injections to the dislocated orbicularis muscle. These injections lead to cessation of the symptoms for a mean of 3.

Ocular perfusion pressure in glaucoma.

This review article discusses the relationship between ocular perfusion pressure and glaucoma, including its definition, factors that influence its calculation and epidemiological studies investigating the influence of ocular perfusion pressure on the prevalence, incidence and progression of glaucoma. We also list the possible mechanisms behind this association, and discuss whether it is secondary to changes in intraocular pressure, blood pressure or both. Finally, we describe the circadian variation of ocular perfusion pressure and the effects of systemic and topical medications on it.

[Ophthalmological alterations at the initial diagnosis of HIV infection].

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is one of the most important infectious causes of death in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Ocular manifestations can appear in particular when the CD4 cell count is low. This article presents a case report of a 38-year-old homosexual man in whom HIV microangiopathy retinopathy syndrome (MAPS) was found during the assessment of the initial HIV diagnosis.

Preservative-free tafluprost in the treatment of naive patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Purpose: The study reported here investigated the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the preservative-free prostaglandin analog tafluprost 0.0015% in treatment-naive patients.

Patients And Methods: Data were collected in two non-interventional, prospective, multicenter, observational, open-label studies of identical design that were conducted in Germany and the Czech Republic.

Changes in the foveal microstructure after intravitreal bevacizumab application in patients with retinal vascular disease.

Purpose: To investigate changes in the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in patients with retinal vascular disease.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective, consecutive study examined 53 eyes of 53 patients with macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion in 25 patients (47.2%) and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in 28 patients (52.