Liver fibrosis is closely linked with metabolic-associated diseases in patients with autoimmune hepatitis.

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of metabolic-associated diseases (MADs) on patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Methods: The study analyzed the clinical characteristics of 283 AIH patients who underwent liver biopsy between January 2016 and February 2022 in Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Results: Among the identified AIH patients (n = 283), 87.

Fibrinogen dysfunction and fibrinolysis state in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis.

Objective: To assess the fibrinogen function in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and explore the relationship between dysfibrinogenemia and bleeding and thrombotic events.

Methods: Medical records and laboratory data of the patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis were collected. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the Child-Pugh score.

Difficulty in differentiating liver injury from an immune checkpoint inhibitor from chemotherapy.

This study investigated the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy as a promising treatment approach for malignancies. This report focuses on a patient with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) following the administration of chemotherapy and ICIs. A 63-year-old patient with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (NSCLC) initially underwent γ-knife treatment and subsequently received a combination of chemotherapy comprising bevacizumab and camrelizumab.

The Associations Between Sleep and Externalizing and Internalizing Problems in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Empirical Findings, Clinical Implications, and Future Research Directions.

Sleep problems are common in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Externalizing and internalizing problems contribute to dysfunction in youth with ADHD and are amplified by disrupted sleep. This objective of this article is to synthesize empirical studies that examined the associations between sleep and internalizing or externalizing problems in individuals with ADHD.

Defective neurite elongation and branching in Nibp/Trappc9 deficient zebrafish and mice.

Loss of function in transport protein particles (TRAPP) links a new set of emerging genetic disorders called "TRAPPopathies". One such disorder is NIBP syndrome, characterized by microcephaly and intellectual disability, and caused by mutations of , a crucial and unique member of TRAPPII. To investigate the neural cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying microcephaly, we developed Nibp/Trappc9-deficient animal models using different techniques, including morpholino knockdown and CRISPR/Cas mutation in zebrafish and Cre/LoxP-mediated gene targeting in mice.

The safety concerns regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors in liver cancer patients rising mainly from CHB.

To analyze the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in primary liver cancer patients and to identify the risk factors for immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The study enrolled 106 patients with primary liver cancer, including 81 with hepatocellular carcinoma and 25 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We analyzed the differences between groups in irAE occurrence, including those with and without targeted drugs and those who received interventional therapy.

The 20 years transition of clinical characteristics and metabolic risk factors in primary liver cancer patients from China.

Background: The clinical characteristics of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients are changing, maybe due to hepatitis viral vaccination and lifestyle changes, etc. The linkage between these changes and outcomes among these PLCs has not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods: It was identified total of 1691 PLC cases diagnosed between 2000 ~ 2020.

A novel model based on qAnti-HBc and conventional biomarkers for identifying significant liver injury among CHB patients with ALT ≤ ULN.

Background: Antiviral therapy is not routinely recommended for CHB patients with ALT ≤ ULN (CHB-NALT), based on current international guidelines. However, it is debatable if antiviral treatment should be offered for CHB-NALT patients, because significant liver injury is observed from liver biopsy of some CHB-NALT patients. Quantification of anti-HBc (qAnti-HBc) can predict antiviral response in CHB patients, while its role in CHB-NALT patients remains to be explored.

Erratum to: Peginterferon and Entecavir Combination Therapy Improves Outcome of Non-Early Response Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa462.].

Peginterferon and Entecavir Combination Therapy Improves Outcome of Non-Early Response Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Patients.

Background: The efficacy of nucleot(s)ide analogs (NAs) and pegylated interferon (PegIFN) combination therapy for hepatitis B e antigen-positive (HBeAg) patients is still controversial. Whether PegIFN and entecavir (ETV) combination therapy could provide a greater benefit for HBeAg patients was assessed.

Methods: Treatment-naïve HBeAg patients initiated on PegIFN alfa-2a (PegIFNα-2a) for 24 weeks without early response (early response: HBsAg <1500 IU/mL and hepatitis B virus [HBV] DNA <10 copies/mL) were recruited in the current study.

The Associations Between Sleep and Externalizing and Internalizing Problems in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Empirical Findings, Clinical Implications, and Future Research Directions.

Sleep problems are common in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Externalizing and internalizing problems contribute to dysfunction in youth with ADHD and are amplified by disrupted sleep. This objective of this article is to synthesize empirical studies that examined the associations between sleep and internalizing or externalizing problems in individuals with ADHD.

Sleep Duration Is Associated with Academic Achievement of Adolescent Girls in Mathematics.

Purpose: To examine the associations between objective measures of sleep during the school week and academic achievement in mathematics and languages in typically developing adolescent girls.

Methods: Eighty adolescent girls aged 12-17 years (M=14.74, SD=1.

Serum keratin-18 fragments as cell death biomarker in association with disease progression and prognosis in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis.

Extensive hepatocyte death leads to hepatic inflammation and contributes to systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of serum cell death markers in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis with and without acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). We studied two cohorts-cohort 1: 201 outpatients with stable chronic hepatitis B (49 cirrhosis); cohort 2: 232 inpatients with HBV-related cirrhosis admitted for AD.

IPS-1 polymorphisms in regulating interferon response in HBV infection.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) influence the outcome of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients. Interferon β promoter stimulator 1 polymorphisms (IPS-1) regulate interferon (IFN) mediated viral clearance in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In our study, HepG2 and HepG2.

N-myc and STAT interactor correlates with severity and prognosis in acute-on-chronic liver failure of hepatitis B virus.

Background And Aim: Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is characterized by acute deterioration of chronic liver disease with excessive inflammation. N-myc and STAT interactor (NMI), an inflammation-mediated protein, involves in various inflammatory-related diseases, but the role of NMI in development and prognosis in HBV-ACLF remains to be elucidated.

Methods: Serum NMI from healthy controls (HCs, n = 20), chronic hepatitis B (CHB, n = 50) patients, and HBV-ACLF patients (n = 50) was determined using ELISA.

Entecavir add-on or switch-to pegylated interferon improves HBsAg clearance in HBe antigen negative chronic hepatitis B patients.

Background And Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients rarely achieve hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss with nucleoside/nucleotide analog therapy.

Methods: In this retrospective study, it was evaluated that the rate of HBsAg loss in the HBe antigen negative (HBeAg) patients (n=101) treated with entecavir (ETV) for ≥24 weeks followed by switching to (n=22) or adding on (n=26) pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN), and continuing ETV (n=53).

Results: HBsAg clearance rate at week 48 was 9% (2/22), 15% (4/26), and 0% (0/53) (<0.

Correlation between hepatic human males absent on the first (hMOF) and viral persistence in chronic hepatitis B patients.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a global health dilemma with high morbidity and mortality. Human males absent on the first (hMOF) (a histone acetyltransferase) is responsible for DNA damage repair, tumorigenesis and cell cycle regulation. Persistence of HBV DNA contributes to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in CHB patients.

Genetic variations of NTCP are associated with susceptibility to HBV infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), encoded by gene SLC10A1, is a receptor for hepatitis B virus (HBV). The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of NTCP polymorphisms in HBV susceptibility, cirrhosis and hepatocarcinogenesis. A total 1221 cases [including 866 chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 238 liver cirrhosis (LC), 117 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients] and 1232 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited, and 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped.

Serum soluble ST2 is a promising prognostic biomarker in HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Background: The IL-33/ST2 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as autoimmune diseases, cancer, and heart failure. However, studies of the IL-33/ST2 pathway in HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) are lacking. The present study aimed to determine the prognostic role of serum IL-33/soluble ST2 (sST2) in HBV-ACLF.

Serum hepatocyte apoptosis biomarker predicts the presence of significant histological lesion in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Background: Hepatocyte death, either apoptosis or necrosis, is closely associated with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.

Aims: To investigate the potential values of hepatocytes death biomarker, M30 (apoptosis) and M65 (total death) in predicting histological lesions in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: Total 201 treatment-naïve patients were prospectively recruited.

Persistently elevated circulating Th22 reversely correlates with prognosis in HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Background And Aim: Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is an acute deterioration of liver function on chronic liver disease with immune disorder. Th22 cells and IL-22 were correlated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, Th22 cells and IL-22 in the pathogenesis of HBV-ACLF remains to be elucidated.

Randomized clinical trial: Nucleos(t)ide analogues improved survival of CHB-related HCC patients via reducing severity and progression of malignancy.

Background: The influence of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) to treat Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be explored.

Aim: To investigate if NAs reduce the severity and progression of CHB-related HCC.

Results: Among 532 patients, there were 118 or 414 CHB-related HCC with or without NAs therapy, respectively.

Identification of acetyltransferase genes (HAT1 and KAT8) regulating HBV replication by RNAi screening.

Background: The initiation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication involves the formation of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and its transcription into pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) in hepatocyte nuclei. The regulatory mechanism of HBV replication by acetyltransferase is thus far not well understood, but human acetyltransferase has been reported as being involved in the regulation of HBV replication.

Results: Depletion of KAT8 or HAT1 via RNA interference (RNAi) markedly down-regulated HBV-DNA and pgRNA levels in HepG2.

Circulating cell death biomarker: good candidates of prognostic indicator for patients with hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Investigations on survival of patients with hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) are sparse and urgently needed. The current study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating cell death biomarkers (M30-anigen, M65-antigen and HMGB1) for HBV ACLF. In this prospective study (2/2013-8/2014), 94 patients including 54 HBV-ACLF and 40 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients were recruited.

[Clinical profiles of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells in chronic hepatitis B patients in response to pegylated-interferon alfa-2a treatment].

Objective: To investigate the changes in circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during the course of treatment with pegylated-interferon alfa-2s (peg-IFNa-2a) and to determine the correlations with therapeutic response.

Methods: Forty-one patients with CHB who were receiving peg-IFNa-2a antiviral treatment for 48 weeks were enrolled in the study.Expression of the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) on and frequency and functionality of the pDCs were analyzed at treatment weeks 0, 2, 12, 24, 36 and 48.