Bioconversion of netobimin pro-drug by gastrointestinal fluids of ruminants.

The biotransformation of netobimin (NTB) pro-drug by ruminal, abomasal and intestinal fluids of sheep and cattle was investigated under anaerobic conditions in vitro. No metabolic conversion of NTB was observed upon incubation with abomasal fluid or boiled samples of different gastrointestinal fluids. NTB pro-drug was reduced and cyclised into albendazole (ABZ) and this further oxidized into ABZ sulphoxide (ABZSO) and ABZ sulphone (ABZSO2) by both sheep and cattle ruminal and ileal fluids.

Methimazole increases the plasma concentrations of the albendazole metabolites of netobimin in sheep.

The influence of methimazole (MTZ) on the pharmacokinetics of netobimin (NTB) and its metabolites was investigated in adult sheep. NTB zwitterion suspension was administered at 20 mg kg-1 by intraruminal injection either alone or with simultaneous administration of MTZ intramuscularly at 1.5 mg kg-1.

Effects of methimazole on the kinetics of netobimin metabolites in cattle.

1. The effects of methimazole (MTZ) on the pharmacokinetic behaviour of netobimin (NTB) and its albendazole (ABZ) metabolites were studied in calves. NTB trisamine salt solution was given by subcutaneous (12.

Enhancement of the plasma concentration of albendazole sulphoxide in sheep following coadministration of parenteral netobimin and liver oxidase inhibitors.

The effects of methimazole (MTZ), metyrapone (MTP) and quinine (QNE) on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of parenterally administered netobimin (NTB) and its major metabolites, albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO) and albendazole sulphone (ABZSO2), were studied in sheep. NTB trisamine solution was first administered alone at 20 mg kg-1 by subcutaneous injection and then coadministered with either MTZ (1.5 mg kg-1 intramuscularly), MTP (20 mg kg-1 subcutaneously) or QNE (30 mg kg-1 intraruminally) in adult sheep.

Pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin and ticarcillin-probenecid in sheep.

Serum concentrations of ticarcillin were measured serially over a period of 12h in a cross over trial involving 6 healthy adult ewes after intravenous and intramuscular (IM) administration of 40 mg ticarcillin per kg body weight. Probenecid (40 mg/kg) was also administered IM immediately before the IM administration of 40 mg/kg ticarcillin. Pharmacokinetic values after intravenous administration were: half-life of elimination (T 1/2 beta) = 0.

Pharmacokinetic profiles of netobimin metabolites after oral administration of zwitterion and trisamine formulations of netobimin to cattle.

Pharmacokinetic profiles of the major metabolites of netobimin were investigated in calves after oral administration of the compound (20 mg/kg) as a zwitterion suspension and trisamine salt solution in a two-way cross-over design. Blood samples were taken serially over a 72-h period and plasma was analysed by HPLC for netobimin (NTB) and its metabolites, including albendazole (ABZ), albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO) and albendazole sulphone (ABZSO2). NTB was occasionally detected in plasma between 0.

Comparison of pharmacokinetic variables for two injectable formulations of netobimin administered to calves.

In a 4 x 4 crossover-design study, pharmacokinetic variables of 2 injectable formulations of netobimin (trisamine salt solution and zwitterion suspension) were compared after SC administration in calves at dosage of 12.5 mg/kg of body weight. Netobimin parent drug was rapidly absorbed, being detected between 0.

Pharmacokinetic behaviour of netobimin and its metabolites in sheep.

The pharmacokinetics and the profile of urine excretion of netobimin (NTB) and its metabolites were investigated after its intraruminal (i.r.) and subcutaneous (s.

Pharmacokinetics of neomycin in sheep after intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intratracheal administration.

The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of neomycin in sheep were investigated following intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intratracheal administration of 10 mg/kg. A rapid distribution phase (t 1/2 alpha, 3.16 min) was followed by a slower elimination phase (t1/2 beta, 1.