Sexual Abuse, Commercial Sexual Exploitation, and Cumulative Adversity Among Sexually Diverse and Non-Sexually Diverse Girls in the Juvenile Justice System.

Despite awareness about high rates of sexual abuse among girls in the juvenile justice system, little is known about the additional risk conferred upon sexually diverse (SD) youths, as well as the combined vulnerability of sexual abuse and commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) - frequently a survival behavior amplifying disproportionate juvenile justice contact among SD and non-SD juvenile justice-involved (JJI) girls. In a sample of JJI-girls, we compared SD ( = 52) with non-SD ( = 46) JJI-girls on sexual victimization (e.g.

The development of trauma-informed community partnerships: A mixed method social network study.

Trauma-informed communities establish cross-sector coalitions that advocate for the use of trauma-informed practices. Whether and how communication occurs within newly established trauma-informed communities is unclear. We collected qualitative data and social network data from six trauma-informed community partnerships that received funding to build community capacity to address trauma across a range of special populations in Los Angeles county.

The Cyborg Method: A Method to Identify Fraudulent Responses from Crowdsourced Data.

Crowdsourcing is an essential data collection method for psychological research. Concerns about the validity and quality of crowdsourced data persist, however. A recent documented increase in the number of invalid responses within crowdsourced data has highlighted the need for quality control measures.

Positive Emotion Is Associated with Attentional Focus on Physical Activity and Eating in Adolescents: A Daily Diary Study.

Background: There are emerging data linking positive emotion to health behaviors, yet the self-regulatory processes underlying this link are understudied. The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between daily positive emotion and daily attentional focus on physical activity and overeating as well as the moderating role of trait positive emotion arousal recovery.

Method: Adolescents (N = 47) aged 11 to 17 completed a baseline measure of their perceived positive emotion arousal regulation and a 7-day diary about their positive emotion and attentional focus.

Cumulative trauma, adversity, and loss among juvenile justice-involved girls: Implications for health disparities.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are social determinants of health that increase morbidity and mortality and are prevalent among juvenile justice-involved (JJI) youth. ACEs drive health-risk behaviors (e.g.

The impact of race on survival in metastatic prostate cancer: a systematic literature review.

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. While racial and ethnic differences exist in incidence and mortality, increasing data suggest outcomes by race among men with newly diagnosed PC are similar. However, outcomes among races beyond Black/White have been poorly studied.

Building trust: Leadership reflections on community empowerment and engagement in a large urban initiative.

Background: Trust is essential for healthy, reciprocal relationships; creating safe environments; engaging in transparent interactions; successfully negotiating power differentials; supporting equity and putting trauma informed approaches into practice. Less is known, however, about the ways that trust-building may be at the forefront of consideration during community capacity building efforts, what trust-building elements are perceived as essential for optimally engaging communities, and what practices might support these efforts.

Methods: The present study examines an evolving understanding of trust-building over the course of 3 years, from qualitative data derived during interviews with nine agency leads from a large and diverse urban community, who are spearheading community-based partnerships to create more trauma-informed communities and foster resiliency.

A Comparison of Microwave Ablation and Cryoablation for the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoablation for renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: The systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Studies published in English from January 2006 to February 2022 that assessed adults with primary RCC who received MWA or cryoablation were included.

Intervention impact on the perceived emotion regulation repertoire of adolescents at-risk for risky sexual behaviors.

Recent calls have been made to evaluate the range, rather than the , of strategies within adolescents' emotion regulation repertoire. It is unknown whether an emotion regulation intervention may increase adolescents' emotion regulation repertoire. To examine the direct effect of an emotion regulation intervention on adolescents' perceived emotion regulation repertoire from baseline to immediately postintervention, when controlling for baseline problems with emotional awareness and participant sex.

A biobehavioural and social-structural model of inflammation and executive function in pediatric chronic health conditions.

Evidence indicates that pediatric chronic health conditions (CHCs) often impair executive functioning (EF) and impaired EF undermines pediatric CHC management. This bidirectional relationship likely occurs due to biobehavioural and social-structural factors that serve to maintain this feedback loop. Specifically, biobehavioural research suggests that inflammation may sustain a feedback loop that links together increased CHC severity, challenges with EF, and lower engagement in health promoting behaviours.

Parental marital relationship satisfaction is associated with glycemic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: We hypothesized that glycemic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes are linked to marital satisfaction of primary caregivers above and beyond parent neuroticism and child effortful control.

Methods: We evaluated a cross-sectional sample of 73 married parent families with a child (ages 7-18 years) with type 1 diabetes of at least 2 years duration. We assessed marital relationship satisfaction, parent neuroticism, and child effortful control through the use of validated questionnaires.

Vascular calcification maladaptively participates in acute phosphate homeostasis.

Aims: Non-renal extravasation of phosphate from the circulation and transient accumulation into tissues and extracellular fluid is a regulated process of acute phosphate homeostasis that is not well understood. This process is especially relevant in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD), where exposure to increased phosphate is prolonged due to inefficient kidney excretion. Furthermore, CKD-associated mineral dysregulation induces pathological accumulation of phosphate causing vascular calcification (VC).

A Digital Health Program Targeting Physical Activity Among Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: Open Trial.

Background: Prior studies suggest that mobile health physical activity programs that provide only weekly or daily text-based health coaching evidence limit the efficacy in improving physical activity in adolescents with overweight or obesity. It is possible that incentives, combined with health coaching and daily feedback on goal success, may increase program efficacy; however, such programs have not yet been tested with adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Objective: This study aims to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week, incentive-based, mobile health physical activity program with text-based health coaching, goal setting, and self-monitoring for adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Applying Behavioral Economics Theories to Interventions for Persons with Diabetes.

Purpose Of Review: To introduce behavioral economics (BE), provide a description of how recent prevention and treatment interventions in persons with diabetes have incorporated BE in their intervention strategies, and discuss how BE could be used to inform new treatments for the clinical setting or research.

Recent Findings: In most of the trials described, researchers incorporated BE into their design in the form of incentives, which can align with present bias, optimism bias, and loss aversion. With only two exceptions, these trials reported preliminary support for using incentives to promote lifestyle modifications and diabetes-related tasks.

Habit and diabetes self-management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: The development of habit (i.e., behavioral automaticity, the extent to which a behavior is performed with decreased thresholds for time, attention [effort], conscious awareness, and goal dependence), for goal-directed health behaviors facilitates health behavior engagement in daily life.

The role of COVID-19 fears and related behaviors in understanding daily adolescent health behaviors during the pandemic.

We examined the prospective associations of COVID-19 fears and behavior, and daily physical activity and dysregulated eating. Adolescents ( = 31) aged 11-17 completed selected subscales of the Fear of Illness and Virus Evaluation and completed a 7-day health behavior diary. Greater fear of contamination was associated with lower daily physical activity.

Developing trauma resilient communities through community capacity-building.

Background: Trauma is a significant public health issue, negatively impacting a range of health outcomes. Providers and administrators in public mental health systems recognize the widespread experience of trauma, as well as their limited ability to address trauma within their communities. In response, the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health funded nine regionally based community partnerships to build capacity to address trauma.

Daily Associations Between Positive Emotion and Obesity-Related Behaviors and Their Interconnections Within Adolescent-Caregiver Dyads.

Background Greater overall positive emotion has been linked with increased physical activity and overeating. High approach positive emotions (HAPEs), a subtype of positive emotion, are theorized to facilitate this goal-driven behavior. However, the day-to-day associations of HAPE and physical activity and overeating, including both at the individual level and within caregiver-adolescent dyads, remain unknown.

The separation in coordination between social- and self-regulation for emerging adults with type 1 diabetes.

To examine how self-regulation and social-regulation surrounding type 1 diabetes (T1D) management are coordinated during early emerging adulthood and whether classes of coordination relate to HbA1c and executive functioning (EF). Emerging adult participants (N = 212) with T1D (M age = 18.8 years, SD = .

Qualitative Assessment of Emotion Regulation Strategies for Prevention of Health Risk Behaviors in Early Adolescents.

The ability to regulate emotions has been linked to a variety of adolescent health risk behaviors, including sexual risk behaviors, especially for adolescents who are experiencing mental health symptoms. However, there is limited information available on intuitive emotion regulation strategies for early adolescents with mental health symptoms to facilitate the adaptation of emotion regulation interventions for psychopathology to health risk behavior prevention. For example, interventions to prevent sexual risk behaviors in early adolescence have yet to specifically target emotion regulation.

Keeping parents connected in early emerging adulthood: Diabetes-related disclosure and solicitation.

Emerging adults with Type 1 diabetes benefit when parents remain knowledgeable of their self-management. Yet how early emerging adults remain connected with parents while they experience normative declines in involvement and move out of the parental home is unclear. The present study examined how disclosure to, and solicitation from, parents may (a) be a way that emerging adults and parents remain connected, (b) occur with different methods of contact (i.

Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between verbal learning and internalizing, trauma-related and externalizing symptoms among early-onset, persistently delinquent adolescents.

Research supports cascading relationships among internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and academic problems. This constellation of problems characterizes Early-Onset/Persistent Delinquent [] youth and appropriately targeted interventions accounting for this comorbidity may improve outcomes. To investigate these relationships in EOPD youth, we characterized their cross-diagnostic psychopathology and verbal (word-list) learning/memory and evaluated: 1) verbal learning/memory profiles of Withdrawn/Depressed relative to Non-Withdrawn/Depressed youth; 2) cognitive and psychiatric predictors of verbal learning; and 3) emotion regulation as a mediator of psychiatric and cognitive relationships.

A Web-Delivered Multicomponent Intervention for Adolescents with Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with significant mortality and economic cost. Management of type 1 diabetes involves completing multiple daily adherence behaviors, and many adolescents struggle with self-management and show poor glycemic control.

Purpose: The purpose was to conduct an unblinded pilot randomized controlled parallel-group study of a web-delivered multicomponent intervention targeting self-monitoring of blood glucose, working memory, and parent supervision of diabetes care among adolescents with type 1 diabetes.