Metformin's effect on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through the miR-200a-5p and AMPK/SERCA2b pathway.

Introduction: Metformin has shown benefits in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates miR-200a-5p's role in the AMPK/SERCA2b pathway to reduce liver fat accumulation and ER stress in MASLD.

Methods: A PA cell model induced by palmitic and oleic acids (2:1) was used to assess lipid accumulation via Oil Red O and Nile Red staining.

Maggot kinase: A novel and cost-effective fibrinolytic enzyme from maggots.

Maggot kinase, a novel fibrinolytic enzyme source, has been isolated from fly maggots and comprehensively characterized. Using CM-52 ion exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography, we obtained a highly purified and active form of the enzyme. In particular, the fibrinolytic activity of maggot kinase, evaluated using the fibrin plate method, was found to be 8.

Fagopyrum dibotrys extract improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via inhibition of lipogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Objective: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, presenting a treatment challenge due to limited options. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and associated lipid metabolism disorders are main causes of NAFLD, making it important to inhibit ER stress for effective treatment. Fagopyrum dibotrys has hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties, showing promise in treating NAFLD.

RETRACTED: Liu et al. Antiproliferative Activity of Triterpene Glycoside Nutrient from Monk Fruit in Colorectal Cancer and Throat Cancer. 2016, , 360.

The journal retracts the article, "Antiproliferative Activity of Triterpene Glycoside Nutrient from Monk Fruit in Colorectal Cancer and Throat Cancer" [...

Worldwide burden of liver cancer due to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis from 1990 to 2019: insights from the Global Burden of Disease study.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is increasingly becoming a prevalent cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study examines the burden of MASH-related HCC globally, regionally, and nationally, along with associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019, considering variables such as age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Objective: We aimed to report the global, regional, and national burden of liver cancer due to MASH and its attributable risk factors between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

A new raspberry ketone synthesis gene RinPKS4 identified in Rubus idaeus L. by transcriptome analysis.

Raspberry ketone accounts for the characteristic aroma of the raspberry fruit. In order to explore the genes involved in raspberry ketone synthesis, the transcriptome in fruit tissues of two red raspberry varieties "Polka" and "Orange legend", were sequenced and 24213 single genes were obtained. As the red raspberry fruit ripening, genes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin synthesis were up-regulated, while those associated with lignin synthesis were down-regulated.

Maggot Kinase and Natural Thrombolytic Proteins.

Thrombolytic enzymes constitute a class of proteases with antithrombotic functions. Derived from natural products and abundant in nature, certain thrombolytic enzymes, such as urokinase, earthworm kinase, and streptokinase, have been widely used in the clinical treatment of vascular embolic diseases. Fly maggots, characterized by their easy growth and low cost, are a traditional Chinese medicine recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica.

Fenofibrate improves hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and shapes the gut microbiome via TFEB-autophagy in NAFLD mice.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major liver disease subtype worldwide, is commonly associated with insulin resistance and obesity. NAFLD is characterized by an excessive hepatic lipid accumulation, as well as hepatic steatosis. Fenofibrate is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist widely used in clinical therapy to effectively ameliorate the development of NAFLD, but its mechanism of action is incompletely understood.

Integrative bioinformatics analysis to screen key genes and signalling pathways related to ferroptosis in obesity.

Ferroptosis is closely associated with the development of disease in the body. However, there are few studies on ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in obesity. Therefore, key genes and signalling pathways related to ferroptosis in obesity were screened.

Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase for Phenol Degradation.

The use of enzymes to degrade environmental pollutants has received wide attention as an emerging green approach. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) can efficiently catalyze the degradation of phenol in the environment; however, free HRP exhibits poor stability and temperature sensitivity and is easily deactivated, which limit its practical applications. In this study, to improve their thermal stability, HRP enzymes were immobilized on mesoporous molecular sieves (Al-MCM-41).

Promoter hypermethylation and comprehensive regulation of ncRNA lead to the down-regulation of ZNF880, providing a new insight for the therapeutics and research of colorectal cancer.

The human genome encodes more than 350 kinds of Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domain-containing zinc-finger proteins (KZFPs), KRAB-type ZNF transcription factor family (KZNF) plays a vital role in gene regulatory networks. The KZNF family members include a large number of highly homologous genes, gene subtypes and pseudogenes, and their expression has a high degree of tissue specificity and precision. Due to the high complexity of its regulatory network, the KZNF gene family has not been researched in sufficient, and the role of its members in the occurrence of cancer is mostly unexplored.

Gut microbiome determines therapeutic effects of OCA on NAFLD by modulating bile acid metabolism.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, had no approved pharmacological agents yet. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a novel bile acid derivative, was demonstrated to ameliorate NAFLD-related manifestations. Regarding the role of gut-liver axis in liver disease development, this study aimed to explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the treatment of OCA in NAFLD mice induced by the high-fat diet (HFD).

Physical exercise attenuates age-related muscle atrophy and exhibits anti-ageing effects via the adiponectin receptor 1 signalling.

Background: Although the adiponectin signalling exerts exercise-mimicking effects, whether this pathway contributes to the anti-ageing benefits of physical exercise has not been established yet.

Methods: Swim exercise training and wheel running were used to measure lifespan in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and skeletal muscle quality in mice, respectively. Muscle weight, muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) and myonuclei number were used to evaluate muscle mass.

Attach importance to the individualized treatment of adult portal hypertension based on etiology and pathogenesis: A review.

There are many factors that can cause portal hypertension and secondary symptoms such as ascites, splenomegaly, and variceal hemorrhage, can seriously affect patients' quality of life and even threaten their lives. In this paper, we summarize various causes of portal hypertension based on etiology and pathogenesis and give individualized treatment strategies in order to remind clinicians to pay attention to the identification of different causes and select corresponding treatment, so that patients are provided with the optimal treatment strategies and benefit from them.

The Identity of Focke and Bunge (Rosaceae).

A critical examination of specimens, with literature and a field survey have shown that is conspecific with . Their morphological variations range can be defined as: leaves at the base may be ovate, suborbicular, narrowly ovate, entire, at the middle, ovate, narrowly ovate, oblong-lanceolate, palmately 3-lobed or 5-lobed and at the top, ovate, lanceolate, entire or 3-lobed; flowers solitary in the axillae or several flowers clustered at the terminal of branchlets or formed into short racemes. Therefore, we treat the former species as a synonym for the latter one.

Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Kuntze and Franch.

Critical examinations of specimens, with literature reviews, have shown that is conspecific with . Therefore, we treat as a new synonym within . We propose a new name, Ti R.

extract alleviates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance, and alters autophagy and gut microbiota diversity in mouse models of high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major global health concern with increasing prevalence, with a lack of currently available effective treatment options; thus, the investigation of novel therapeutic approaches is necessary. The study aimed to investigate the outcomes and mechanisms of action of extract (FDE) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model of obesity. The findings showed that FDE supplementation attenuated glucose tolerance, insulin resistance (IR), hepatic steatosis, and abnormal lipid metabolism.

A Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis on the Chloroplast Genome in Different Populations.

Houtt., a traditional medicine herb of the Polygonaceae family, has been used since ancient times in China due to its various pharmacological effects. Chloroplast genomes are conservative and play an essential role in population diversity analysis.

Protective Effects of Polydatin from Grapes and Houtt. on Damaged Macrophages Treated with Acetaminophen.

The unregulated use of acetaminophen (APAP), an antipyretic and analgesic drug, harms hepatocytes and kidney cells, leading to liver failure and acute kidney injury. Herein, we investigate whether APAP damages macrophages in the immune system by observing its effects on macrophage proliferation and apoptosis. Using proteomics, we analyzed the effects of APAP on macrophage protein expression profiles and evaluated whether polydatin, the active ingredient in grapes and wine, can repair the damaged cells.

[Genome structure and variation of Houtt. chloroplast genome].

Houtt., belonging to Polygoneae of Polygonaceae, is a Chinese medicinal herb with the functions of draining dampness and relieving jaundice, clearing heat and detoxifying, dispersing blood stasis and relieving pain, and relieving cough and resolving phlegm. In this study, we carried out high-throughput sequencing for the chloroplast genome sequences of five cultivars of .

Fenofibrate Improves Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis and Regulates the Let-7/SERCA2b Axis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mice.

Fenofibrate is widely used in clinical therapy to effectively ameliorate the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, its specific molecular mechanism of action remains largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key mediators in regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during NAFLD, and the deregulation of miRNAs has been demonstrated in NAFLD pathophysiology. The present study aimed to identify whether fenofibrate could influence miRNA expression in NAFLD and investigate the specific mechanism of action of fenofibrate in lipid metabolism disorder-associated diseases.

Immobilized Crosslinked Pectinase Preparation on Porous ZSM-5 Zeolites as Reusable Biocatalysts for Ultra-Efficient Hydrolysis of β-Glycosidic Bonds.

In this study, we immobilized pectinase preparation on porous zeolite ZSM-5 as an enzyme carrier. We realized this immobilized enzyme catalyst, pectinase preparation@ZSM-5, a simple combined strategy involving the van der Waals adsorption of pectinase preparation followed by crosslinking of the adsorbed pectinase preparation with glutaraldehyde over ZSM-5. Conformal pectinase preparation coverage of various ZSM-5 supports was achieved for the as-prepared pectinase preparation@ZSM-5.

Autophagy induced by H. pylori VacA regulated the survival mechanism of the SGC7901 human gastric cancer cell line.

Background: Vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) is an important virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). It was previously believed that VacA can trigger the cascade of apoptosis on mitochondria to lead to cell apoptosis.

Metformin Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in a Mouse Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Promoting Transcription Factor EB-Dependent Autophagy.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) results from an abnormal accumulation of lipids within hepatocytes, and is commonly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. Metformin is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and, in recent years, it was found to play a potential role in the amelioration of NAFLD. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of metformin against NAFLD remain largely unknown.