Phylogenomic insights into evolutionary trajectories of multidrug resistant S. pneumoniae CC271 over a period of 14 years in China.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive opportunistic pathogen, and infection risks of S. pneumoniae can be profoundly augmented by its acquired multidrug-resistance (MDR). The rapid development of MDR in S.

Synergism of eravacycline combined with other antimicrobial agents against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the synergistic activity of eravacycline combined with other antimicrobial agents against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii collected from China.

Methods: Sixty carbapenem-resistant strains, including 20 Escherichia coli, 20 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 20 Acinetobacter baumannii were investigated for the synergy analysis. Imipenem, ceftazidime, cefoperazone-sulbactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and polymyxin B were selected to investigate their efficacy in combination with eravacycline against 60 carbapenem-resistant strains.

, a Novel Member of with Multidrug Resistance, Exhibits Cytotoxicity.

We describe the genomic and phenotypic characteristics of a novel member of with multidrug resistance (MDR) isolated from hospital samples. Strains SP218 and SP219 were identified as a novel , . , using whole-genome sequencing and biochemical tests.

Novel Plasmid-Mediated (X5) Gene Conferring Resistance to Tigecycline, Eravacycline, and Omadacycline in a Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii Isolate.

A novel, plasmid-mediated, high-level tigecycline resistance (X) gene variant, (X5), was detected in a clinical isolate from China in 2017. Tet(X5) shows 84.5% and 90.

A retrospective study on mcr-1 in clinical Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in China from 2007 to 2016.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of clinical mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles of mcr-1-positive E. coli and mcr-1-negative E. coli in China.

Effects of Nemonoxacin on Thorough ECG QT/QTc Interval: A Randomized, Placebo- and Positive-controlled Crossover Study in Healthy Chinese Adults.

Purpose: Nemonoxacin, a nonfluorinated quinolone, has been approved in Taiwan and mainland China for the treatment of bacterial infection. Whether nemonoxacin is associated with the adverse events of other quinolones, such as the risk for QT-interval prolongation, which has led to the withdrawal of several fluoroquinolones from the market, needs to be elucidated.

Methods: The effects of nemonoxacin on thorough QT/QTc interval was investigated in this randomized, placebo- and positive-controlled crossover study conducted according to the International Conference on Harmonisation E14 guideline.

bla-producing multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from a companion dog in China.

Objectives: This study characterised a bla-producing Escherichia coli isolate from a companion dog.

Methods: The E. coli strain was isolated from a surveillance study of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from companion animals in the Animal Teaching Hospital of China Agricultural University (Beijing, China) in 2013.

Characterisation of clinical isolates of oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus aureus in China from 2009 to 2014.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of clinical oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus aureus (OS-MRSA) isolates in China from July 2009 to June 2014.

Methods: A total of 2068 non-duplicate S. aureus isolates were collected from 21 hospitals.

cfr-mediated linezolid-resistant clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci from China.

Three linezolid-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (LR-CoNS), including two Staphylococcus cohnii and one Staphylococcus capitis, were isolated from 1104 clinical staphylococcal isolates across China in 2013-2014. Antibiotic susceptibilities of the bacteria were determined by the agar dilution method. PCR and DNA sequencing were performed to determine the potential molecular mechanism of linezolid resistance.

Nationwide Surveillance of Novel Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in Enterococcus Isolates in China from 2004 to 2014.

A total of 2,201 nonduplicate enterococcal isolates collected from 29 hospitals in 23 cities in China between 2004 and 2014 were screened for the oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA; 45 isolates (2.0%) were optrA positive with 11 OptrA variants identified. The positive rate of optrA increased from 0.

[Study on the molecular epidemiology of bacterial infection in patients in cardiac surgical intensive care unit].

Objective: To investigate the molecular epidemiology of acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens from patients on mechanical ventilation.

Methods: From October to December, 2012, acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were isolated from patients on mechanical ventilation. Antibiotic susceptibility data of all strains was collected.

A novel gene, optrA, that confers transferable resistance to oxazolidinones and phenicols and its presence in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium of human and animal origin.

Objectives: The oxazolidinone-resistant Enterococcus faecalis E349 from a human patient tested negative for the cfr gene and 23S rRNA mutations. Here we report the identification of a novel oxazolidinone resistance gene, optrA, and a first investigation of the extent to which this gene was present in E. faecalis and Enterococcus faecium from humans and food-producing animals.

Antimicrobial resistance surveillance of flomoxef in China.

The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of flomoxef against clinical isolates collected from China and understand the trend of antimicrobial resistance. A total of 2955 pathogenic strains isolated from 18 tertiary hospitals in 18 cities of China over the period from July 2011 to June 2012 were studied. And the susceptibility tests were performed using agar dilution method recommended by CLSI in central laboratory.

Epidemiological characteristics of blaNDM-1 in Enterobacteriaceae and the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex in China from 2011 to 2012.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of blaNDM-1 (encoding New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1) in Enterobacteriaceae and the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC) in China from July 2011 to June 2012.

Methods: PCR was used to screen for the presence of blaNDM-1 in all organisms studied. For blaNDM-1-positive strains, 16S rRNA analysis and Analytical Profile Index (API) strips were used to identify the bacterial genus and species.

Cfr-mediated linezolid-resistance among methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci from infections of humans.

Four methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), one Staphylococcus haemolyticus and three Staphylococcus cohnii, from infections of humans collected via the Ministry of Health National Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Net (Mohnarin) program in China were identified as linezolid-resistant. These four isolates were negative for the 23S rRNA mutations, but positive for the gene cfr. Mutations in the gene for the ribosomal protein L3, which resulted in the amino acid exchanges Gly152Asp and Tyr158Phe, were identified in S.