Metal-organic frameworks-based nanozyme sensor array for the discrimination of biogenic amines and detection of histamine.

Biogenic amines (BAs) are hazardous substances found in fishery products that are closely associated with fish spoilage and threaten food safety. Traditional chromatographic methods for detecting BAs are expensive, complex, and time-consuming. In this study, we developed a nanozyme-based sensor array to efficiently discriminate between four types of BAs and sensitively detect histamine.

A novel extraction method for three ochratoxins in human urine based on polystyrene/polyethersulfone electrospun nanofibers coated with copper nanoparticles.

In this study, four types of nanofibers were prepared electrospinning and characterized through SEM, TEM, EDS, FTIR, TG, XPS and water contact angle analyses, and the novel polystyrene/polyethersulfone nanofibers coated with copper nanoparticles (PS/PES-CuNPs nanofibers) were developed as an ideal adsorbent for the extraction of three ochratoxins from human urine. The solid-phase extractant of sample pretreatment displayed preferable sensitivity and an extraction effect, and the analytical method based on the novel packed-fiber solid-phase extraction strategy followed by high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (PFSPE-HPLC-FLD) achieved an exceedingly low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.108-0.

Coenzyme Q10-loaded microcapsules stabilized by glyceryl monostearate and soy protein isolates-flaxseed gum: Characterization, in vitro release and digestive behavior.

This study aimed to stabilize microcapsules with core materials of glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and octyl and decyl glycerate, and wall materials of soy protein isolates (SPI) and flaxseed gum (FG) by complex coacervation method to overcome the drawbacks of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). It was demonstrated by the study that the obtained microcapsules were irregular aggregates. Differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction patterns indicated that CoQ10 was entrapped inside the disordered semisolid cores of microcapsules.

Fabrication and characterization of dihydromyricetin-loaded microcapsules stabilized by glyceryl monostearate and whey protein-xanthan gum.

Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is a lipophilic nutrient with various potential health benefits; however, its poor storage stability and low solubility and bioavailability limit its applications. This study aims to encapsulate DMY in microcapsules by membrane emulsification and freeze-drying methods to overcome these issues. Glyceryl monostearate (GMS, solid lipid) and octyl and decyl glycerate (ODO, liquid lipid) were applied as the inner cores.

A novel sample pretreatment of nanofiber-packed solid-phase extraction of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in foods and simultaneous determination with HPLC.

A novel analytical method based on nanofiber-packed solid-phase extraction (PFSPE) combined with HPLC-FLD has been successfully developed and applied to determine aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 in foods. In order to effectively adsorb analytes from complex food matrices, four types of nanofibers based on skeleton of polystyrene-polyvinyl pyrrolidone were prepared by electrospinning and applied as adsorbent to home-made solid-phase extraction device. The effects of type of nanofibers, pH of sample, type and concentration of salt ion, type of activation solvent, type and volume of eluent, amount of nanofibers, and extraction time on the adsorption/desorption were investigated and optimized.

Preparation and characterization of astaxanthin-loaded microcapsules and its application in effervescent tablets.

Background: Astaxanthin is a type of keto-carotene with potential health benefits. However, astaxanthin has poor solubility and stability, resulting in its low oral bio-availability. Microcapsules can be used to improve the water solubility, stability and oral bio-availability of lipophilic bioactive compounds.

A novel biosensor based on Blu-ray disc coating film for determination of total amino acid content in tea leaves.

Biosensor substrate materials are a key research focus in the field of sensors. Blu-ray discs (BDs) as universal sensor substrates are advantageous in comparison with other substrates (conventional paper and polycarbonate) in terms of easier activity treatment and higher density of reactive groups on the film surface. In this study, a novel and simple microfluidic biosensor based on BD coating film was developed by treating with sodium hydroxide solution and a piece of filter paper at slightly elevated temperatures.

The Antioxidant Effect of the Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles.

Inorganic nanoparticles, such as CeO, TiO and FeO could be served as a platform for their excellent performance in antioxidant effect. They may offer the feasibility to be further developed for their smaller and controllable sizes, flexibility to be modified, relative low toxicity as well as ease of preparation. In this work, the recent progress of these nanoparticles were illustrated, and the antioxidant mechanism of the inorganic nanoparticles were introduced, which mainly included antioxidant enzyme-mimetic activity and antioxidant ROS/RNS scavenging activity.

Nanoparticle-based polyacrylonitrile monolithic column for highly efficient micro solid-phase extraction of carotenoids and vitamins in human serum.

In this work, a biocompatible monolithic column based micro-solid-phase extraction (µ-SPE) method was developed for biological fluid analysis. A novel nanoparticle-based polyacrylonitrile monolithic column (C30 NP-PMC) was fabricated by incorporating triacontyl (C30) modified silica nanoparticles (NPs) into the polyacrylonitrile monolithic matrix through thermally induced phase separation. With efficient mass transfer and sorption capacity, C30 NP-PMC exhibited outstanding performance for the extraction of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) from human serum samples, superior to commercial C18 cartridges as well as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method.

Adaptive PI Control for Consensus of Multiagent Systems With Relative State Saturation Constraints.

The relative state between neighbors represents the difference of two connected agents' states, and it possesses specific physical meanings in practice. Under this background, the saturation constraints in the relative state inevitably occur. This article studies the consensus problems under the relative state saturation constraints.

Co detection, cell imaging, and temperature sensing based on excitation-independent green-fluorescent N-doped carbon dots.

Green-fluorescent N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) have been successfully fabricated using hydrothermal treatment of tyrosine and urea. The N-CDs obtained showed excitation-independent emission, superior stability and strong photoluminescence with a quantum yield of . 9.

Blu-Ray Discs as Universal Biochip Substrates: Lithography-Free Surface Activation and Assay Patterning.

Blu-ray discs (BDs) are advantageous in comparison with other optical discs (compact discs and digital versatile discs) in terms of not only their storage capacity but also the high-quality materials fabricated from. We have recently discovered that the "Hard Coat" film of Verbatim BDs is in fact a unique type of polymeric substrates that can be readily activated and adapted for biochip fabrications. Particularly, the Hard Coat film peeled from BDs is optically transparent without any fluorescence background, which can be activated by treating with a common base (1.

Simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters and bisphenol A in milk by packed-nanofiber solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

A novel polystyrene/pyridine composite nanofiber was synthesized and utilized as the sorbent material for the solid-phase extraction of bisphenol A and five common phthalate esters in milk. The method of extraction integrated extraction and preconcentration of target analytes into a single step. Bisphenol A and five common phthalate esters were selected as target compounds for the development and evaluation of the method.

Decreased levels of urinary free amino acids in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a range of neurodevelopmental problems without certain causes. Conventional diagnostic or screening tools for ASD rely on the observation of children's behavioral presentations. Novel methods are focused on the alterations of some important biochemical matters in ASD patients, which are applicable in the screening for ASD.

Packed-Nanofiber solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of phthalate esters in urines from children.

In this paper, we developed a rapid and safe method based on packed-fiber solid-phase extraction (PFSPE) system coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of four phthalate esters (PAEs), diethyl-o-phthalate (DEP), dibutyl-o-phthalate (DBP), di (2-ethylhexyl) phathalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), in urine samples. The PAEs in urine samples (500μL) were rapidly cleaned up from urines using polystyrene (PS) nanofibers packed micro-columns fitted on a PFSPE pretreatment device, which can process up to 12 samples simultaneously in 5min. Under optimum conditions, satisfied recovery and relative standard deviation values (RSDs) were in the range of 80.

Detection of β-agonists in pork tissue with novel electrospun nanofibers-based solid-phase extraction followed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

A selective analytical method based on packed-fiber solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (PFSPE-UPLC-MS/MS) has been developed for determination of six β-agonists (clorprenaline, bambuterol, clenbuterol, brombuterol, mabuterol, and penbuterol) in pork tissue. Polystyrene-polymeric crown ether (PS-PCE) composite nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning and utilized to prepare the homemade extraction columns. With optimal conditions, all analytes were separated very well and the blank pork did not disturb the determination, and the linearity is good in a range of 5.

Application of packed-fiber solid-phase extraction coupled with GC-MS for the determination of short-chain fatty acids in children's urine.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex disorder involving interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are prevalent in the cohort of children with ASD and they have been recognized as a comorbid condition recently. It is of value to monitor GI issues in individuals, and to help further characterize factors that may contribute to GI disorders (in individuals with and without ASD).

Increased Cortisol and Cortisone Levels in Overweight Children.

BACKGROUND It has been unclear whether relatively high cortisol and cortisone levels are related to overweight in childhood, parental body mass index (BMI), and family dietary habits. The aim of this study was to compare cortisol and cortisone levels in urine and saliva from overweight and normal children, as well as correlations between children's BMI, parental BMI and family dietary behavior questionnaire score (QS). MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed the data from 52 overweight children and 53 age- and sex-matched normal-weight children aged 4-5 years.

Comparison of Adsorption/Desorption of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) on Electrospun Nanofibers with Tenax TA for Potential Application in Sampling.

The objective of this study was to compare the adsorption/desorption of target compounds on homemade electrospun nanofibers, polystyrene (PS) nanofibers, acrylic resin (AR) nanofibers and PS-AR composite nanofibers with Tenax TA. Ten volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed by preconcentration onto different sorbents followed by desorption (thermal and solvent orderly) and analysis by capillary gas chromatography. In comparison to Tenax TA, the electrospun nanofibers displayed a significant advantage in desorption efficiency and adsorption selectivity.