Loss of Slc35a2 alters development of the mouse cerebral cortex.

Brain somatic variants in SLC35A2, an intracellular UDP-galactose transporter, are commonly identified mutations associated with drug-resistant neocortical epilepsy and developmental brain malformations, including focal cortical dysplasia type I and mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy (MOGHE). However, the causal effects of altered SLC35A2 function on cortical development remain untested. We hypothesized that focal Slc35a2 knockout (KO) or knockdown (KD) in the developing mouse cortex would disrupt cortical development and change network excitability.

IRX4204 Induces Senescence and Cell Death in HER2-positive Breast Cancer and Synergizes with Anti-HER2 Therapy.

Purpose: Rexinoids, agonists of nuclear retinoid X receptor (RXR), have been used for the treatment of cancers and are well tolerated in both animals and humans. However, the usefulness of rexinoids in treatment of breast cancer remains unknown. This study examines the efficacy of IRX4204, a highly specific rexinoid, in breast cancer cell lines and preclinical models to identify a biomarker for response and potential mechanism of action.

Racial differences in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To compare rates of pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic to prior, baseline years.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 17,742 patients on rates for pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders delivering at 2 local hospitals before (Cohort 1; January 2018 to December 2019; n = 8245) and after (Cohort 2; February 2020 to February 2022; n = 9497) the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary outcomes were rates of gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and chronic hypertension in patients.

The novel phosphatase NUDT5 is a critical regulator of triple-negative breast cancer growth.

Background: The most aggressive form of breast cancer is triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), and does not have overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Treatment options for women with TNBC tumors are limited, unlike those with ER-positive tumors that can be treated with hormone therapy, or those with HER2-positive tumors that can be treated with anti-HER2 therapy. Therefore, we have sought to identify novel targeted therapies for TNBC.

Survival outcomes of patients with HER2/neu-positive breast cancer with germline BRCA mutations.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) with germline BRCA1/2 mutations and their association with triple-negative BC has been thoroughly investigated. However, some carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations have human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu)-positive BC, which has a different targeted therapy approach, and data are scarce for this patient population. The authors sought to characterize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with HER2/neu-positive BC who had germline BRCA1/2 mutations.

Loss of alters development of the mouse cerebral cortex.

Brain somatic variants in are associated with clinically drug-resistant epilepsy and developmental brain malformations, including mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy (MOGHE). encodes a uridine diphosphate galactose translocator that is essential for protein glycosylation; however, the neurodevelopmental mechanisms by which disruption leads to clinical and histopathological features remain unspecified. We hypothesized that focal knockout (KO) or knockdown (KD) of in the developing mouse cortex would disrupt cerebral cortical development through altered neuronal migration and cause changes in network excitability.

Blueberry floral probiotics: nectar microbes inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum pathogens.

Aims: To identify whether microorganisms isolated from blueberry flowers can inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum, an opportunistic plant pathogen that infects flowers and threatens yields, and to assess the impacts of floral microbes and Colletotrichum pathogens on artificial nectar sugars and honey bee consumption.

Methods And Results: The growth inhibition of Colletotrichum (Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fioriniae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) was screened using both artificial nectar co-culture and dual culture plate assays. All candidate nectar microbes were screened for antagonism against a single C.

Reducing Smoking Cessation Disparities: Capacity for a Primary Care- and Technology-Based Approach Among Medicaid Recipients.

While cigarette use among U.S adults has recently decreased, vulnerable subgroups continue to smoke at high rates, including individuals receiving Medicaid insurance. These individuals have also experienced treatment access disparities, highlighting the need for approaches that leverage their strong desire to quit.

Neonatal Outcomes After Delivery in Water.

Objective: To assess neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions and neonatal outcomes after water birth or land birth in an alternative birthing center.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of preselected low-risk parturients separated into three groups depending on their location for labor and delivery: land-land, water-land, and water-water. Delivery outcomes, labor length, maternal pain assessment, need for newborn resuscitation, and NICU admission and diagnoses were collected.

Incidental Lung Nodules on Cross-sectional Imaging: Current Reporting and Management.

Pulmonary nodules are the most common incidental finding in the chest, particularly on computed tomographs that include a portion or all of the chest, and may be encountered more frequently with increasing utilization of cross-sectional imaging. Established guidelines address the reporting and management of incidental pulmonary nodules, both solid and subsolid, synthesizing nodule and patient features to distinguish benign nodules from those of potential clinical consequence. Standard nodule assessment is essential for the accurate reporting of nodule size, attenuation, and morphology, all features with varying risk implications and thus management recommendations.

Exploring Biophysical Linkages between Coastal Forestry Management Practices and Aquatic Bivalve Contaminant Exposure.

Terrestrial land use activities present cross-ecosystem threats to riverine and marine species and processes. Specifically, pesticide runoff can disrupt hormonal, reproductive, and developmental processes in aquatic organisms, yet non-point source pollution is difficult to trace and quantify. In Oregon, U.

Tobacco Use Trajectories in Young Adults: Analyses of Predictors Across Systems Levels.

Introduction: Research is needed to examine trajectories of tobacco use beyond cigarette smoking, particularly during emerging middle young adulthood, and to identify distinct multilevel influences of use trajectories.

Aims And Methods: We examined (1) tobacco use trajectories over a 2-year period among 2592 young adult college students in a longitudinal cohort study and (2) predictors of these trajectories using variables from a socioecological framework, including intrapersonal-level factors (eg, sociodemographics, psychosocial factors [eg, adverse childhood experiences, depressive symptoms, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms], early-onset substance use), interpersonal factors (eg, social support, parental substance use), and community-level factors (eg, college type, rural vs. urban).

ACL injury and reconstruction affect control of ground reaction forces produced during a novel task that simulates cutting movements.

After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction, biomechanical and neuromuscular control deficits persist and 25% of those who have experienced an ACL injury will experience a second ACL rupture in the first year after returning to sports. There remains a need for improved rehabilitation and the ability to detect an individual's risk of secondary ACL rupture. Nonlinear analysis metrics, such as the largest Lyapunov exponent (LyE) can provide new biomechanical insight in this population by identifying how movement patterns evolve over time.

Insights into estuary habitat loss in the western United States using a new method for mapping maximum extent of tidal wetlands.

Effective conservation and restoration of estuarine wetlands require accurate maps of their historical and current extent, as well as estimated losses of these valued habitats. Existing coast-wide tidal wetland mapping does not explicitly map historical tidal wetlands that are now disconnected from the tides, which represent restoration opportunities; nor does it use water level models or high-resolution elevation data (e.g.

Complete Genome Sequences of Staphylococcus epidermidis Myophages Quidividi, Terranova, and Twillingate.

is an opportunistic pathogen that commonly colonizes human skin and mucous membranes. We report here the complete genome sequences of three phages, Quidividi, Terranova, and Twillingate, which are members of the Twort-like group of large myophages infecting Gram-positive hosts.

Facilitating Integration in Interdisciplinary Research: Lessons from a South Florida Water, Sustainability, and Climate Project.

Interdisciplinary research is increasingly called upon to find solutions to complex sustainability problems, yet co-creating usable knowledge can be challenging. This article offers broad lessons for conducting interdisciplinary science from the South Florida Water, Sustainability, and Climate Project (SFWSC), a 5-year project funded by the U.S.

A Novel and Safe Approach to Simulate Cutting Movements Using Ground Reaction Forces.

Control of shear ground reaction forces (sGRF) is important in performing running and cutting tasks as poor sGRF control has implications for those with knee injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. The goal of this study was to develop a novel and safe task to evaluate control or accurate modulation of shear ground reaction forces related to those generated during cutting. Our approach utilized a force control task using real-time visual feedback of a subject's force production and evaluated control capabilities through accuracy and divergence measurements.

Cigarette use trajectories in young adults: Analyses of predictors across system levels.

Background: Cigarette smoking escalates most in early to middle young adulthood. However, little research has examined a range of multilevel factors in relation to smoking trajectories during this time.

Methods: We examined: 1) trajectories of cigarette smoking among 2967 US college students (aged 18-25) in a two-year, six-wave longitudinal study (using growth mixture modeling); and 2) intrapersonal- (i.

A Framework for Culturally Relevant Online Learning: Lessons from Alaska's Tribal Health Workers.

Culturally relevant health promotion is an opportunity to reduce health inequities in diseases with modifiable risks, such as cancer. Alaska Native people bear a disproportionate cancer burden, and Alaska's rural tribal health workers consequently requested cancer education accessible online. In response, the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium cancer education team sought to create a framework for culturally relevant online learning to inform the creation of distance-delivered cancer education.

Occurrence of Endocrine and Thyroid Cancers Among Alaska Native People, 1969-2013.

Background: Nationwide, the incidence of thyroid cancer is lower among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people than among U.S. whites (USW).

Culturally-Relevant Online Cancer Education Modules Empower Alaska's Community Health Aides/Practitioners to Disseminate Cancer Information and Reduce Cancer Risk.

To address a desire for timely, medically accurate cancer education in rural Alaska, ten culturally relevant online learning modules were developed with, and for, Alaska's Community Health Aides/Practitioners (CHA/Ps). The project was guided by the framework of Community-Based Participatory Action Research, honored Indigenous Ways of Knowing, and was informed by Empowerment Theory. A total of 428 end-of-module evaluation surveys were completed by 89 unique Alaska CHA/Ps between January and December 2016.

Promoting Culturally Respectful Cancer Education Through Digital Storytelling.

Cancer is the leading cause of mortality among Alaska Native people. Over half of Alaska Native people live in rural communities where specially trained community members called Community Health Aides/Practitioners (CHA/Ps) provide health care. In response to CHA/Ps' expressed desire to learn more about cancer, four 5-day cancer education and digital storytelling courses were provided in 2014.

DECOY: Documenting Experiences with Cigarettes and Other Tobacco in Young Adults.

Objectives: We examined psychographic characteristics associated with tobacco use among Project DECOY participants.

Methods: Project DECOY is a 2-year longitudinal mixed-methods study examining risk for tobacco use among 3418 young adults across 7 Georgia colleges/universities. Baseline measures included sociodemographics, tobacco use, and psychographics using the Values, Attitudes, and Lifestyle Scale.