Causal Relationship Between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Bidirectional 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: The causal relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between mtDNA-CN and IVDD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Methods: The causal relationship between mtDNA-CN and IVDD was estimated using a bidirectional 2-sample MR method.

Research advances in crosstalk between muscle and bone in osteosarcopenia (Review).

Osteosarcopenia is a burgeoning geriatric syndrome and a familiar disease among older individuals. It is characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral density due to osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Its clinical manifestations include reduced physical performance and individuals becoming prone to falls during the aging process resulting in fractures and hospitalization, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and increases the risk of death.