Longitudinal volumetric analysis of compartments in chicken eggs using ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: The chicken egg, with its compartments, is a widely used and popular animal model in experimental studies. This study aimed to quantify the volumes of the yolk/yolk sac, amniotic fluid, and chicken embryo using non-invasive ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI).

Materials And Methods: In total, 64 chicken eggs were examined using a 7 T UHF-MRI scanner, acquiring T2-weighted anatomical images of the entire egg from developmental day 1 to 16 (D1-D16).

Trans-bronchial forceps biopsy for COVID-19 related diffuse parenchymal lung abnormalities.

Purpose: The role of lung biopsy for evaluation of persistent chest radiographic abnormalities including secondary organizing pneumonia (OP) in COVID-19 remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of trans-bronchial forceps biopsy (TBFB) in patients with persistent lung abnormalities on thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan following SARS-CoV-2 infection with particular focus on cases with OP and immunocompromised (IC) patients.

Methods: Descriptive retrospective single center analysis of all TBFB performed for diffuse lung parenchymal changes after COVID-19 03-2020 to 06-2023.

The Predictive Value of Preoperative Measurements of Cochlear Nerve Diameters From MRT and Postoperative Speech Perception in Adult Patients With Cochlear Implant.

Objective: The current study aims to investigate whether objective measurements of the cochlear nerve (CN), derived from preoperative MRI images, correlate with postoperative speech perception in CI patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University Medical Center, tertiary academic referral center.

Hypoxia-induced Factor-1α and its Role in Endometrial Cancer.

The transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is one of the main factors in the cell's response to a lack of oxygen. Hypoxia is a typical feature of a growing cancerous tumor. Increased activity of HIF-1 is observed in many cancers, including endometrial cancer.

Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2234693 and rs9340799 of the Gene and the Risk of Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to analyze rs2234693 and rs9340799 polymorphisms of the ESR1 gene in the context of breast cancer risk in Polish patients.

Materials And Methods: The study involved a group of 117 patients with breast cancer and 106 controls. The analyses were carried out using the polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragments length polymorphism technique.

A WORLDWIDE ENIGMA STUDY ON EPILEPSY-RELATED GRAY AND WHITE MATTER COMPROMISE ACROSS THE ADULT LIFESPAN.

Objectives: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is commonly associated with mesiotemporal pathology and widespread alterations of grey and white matter structures. Evidence supports a progressive condition although the temporal evolution of TLE is poorly defined. This ENIGMA-Epilepsy study utilized multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to investigate structural alterations in TLE patients across the adult lifespan.

Computed tomography hypoperfusion-hypodensity mismatch vs. automated perfusion mismatch to identify stroke patients eligible for thrombolysis.

Background And Purpose: Automated perfusion imaging can detect stroke patients with unknown time of symptom onset who are eligible for thrombolysis. However, the availability of this technique is limited. We, therefore, established the novel concept of computed tomography (CT) hypoperfusion-hypodensity mismatch, i.

Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome Due to Covid-19.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) as a rare neurological encephalopathic entity associated with non-specific infections or cancer processes has been repeatedly described in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We report a case of a 53-year-old man with SARS-CoV-2 infection, who developed clinical features of opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome including cognitive impairments with a prolonged course of disease. Of particular note, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed the production of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies, suggesting an underlying neuroimmunological mechanism associated with infection with the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Effects of body mass index on the immune response within the first days after major stroke in humans.

Introduction: Immunological alterations associated with increased susceptibility to infection are an essential aspect of stroke pathophysiology. Several immunological functions of adipose tissue are altered by obesity and are accompanied by chronic immune activation. The purpose of this study was to examine immune function (monocytes, granulocytes, cytokines) as a function of body mass index (BMI: 1st group: 25; 2nd group: 25 BMI 30; 3rd group: 30) and changes in body weight post stroke.

Impaired diaphragmatic motility in treatment-naive adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy improved during nusinersen treatment.

Introduction/aims: The leading clinical feature of 5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is symmetric, proximal muscle weakness. Muscles involved in ventilation exhibit a specific pattern of denervation: intercostal muscles are severely atrophic, whereas the diaphragm muscle is less affected. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of diaphragmatic function by ultrasound imaging in adult patients with SMA and to quantify dynamics of diaphragmatic function during nusinersen treatment.

Effect of anesthetic strategies on distal stroke thrombectomy in the anterior and posterior cerebral artery.

Background: Numerous questions regarding procedural details of distal stroke thrombectomy remain unanswered. This study assesses the effect of anesthetic strategies on procedural, clinical and safety outcomes following thrombectomy for distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs).

Methods: Patients with isolated DMVO stroke from the TOPMOST registry were analyzed with regard to anesthetic strategies (ie, conscious sedation (CS), local (LA) or general anesthesia (GA)).

Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted MRI of Neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial, malignant, solid tumor found in children. In more than one-third of cases, the tumor is in an advanced stage, with limited resectability. The treatment options include resection, with or without (neo-/) adjuvant therapy, and conservative therapy, the latter even with curative intent.

Multimodal brain age prediction fusing morphometric and imaging data and association with cardiovascular risk factors.

Introduction: The difference between the chronological and biological brain age, called the brain age gap (BAG), has been identified as a promising biomarker to detect deviation from normal brain aging and to indicate the presence of neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the BAG has been shown to encode biological information about general health, which can be measured through cardiovascular risk factors. Current approaches for biological brain age estimation, and therefore BAG estimation, either depend on hand-crafted, morphological measurements extracted from brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or on direct analysis of brain MRI images.

MR microscopy of the developing upper extremity of the chicken in ovo using 7 Tesla MRI.

MR microscopy (MRM) is known as ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging with an in-plane spatial resolution of <100 μm, yields highly resolved non-invasive anatomical imaging and allows longitudinal assessment of embryonic avian development. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of in vivo anatomical MRI assessment of the developing upper extremity of the chicken. Thirty-eight fertilized chicken eggs were examined at 7 Tesla acquiring high-resolution T2-weighted images with an in-plane resolution of 74 × 74 μm.

Performance in information processing speed is associated with parietal white matter tract integrity in multiple sclerosis.

Background: The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is most frequently used to test processing speed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Functional imaging studies emphasize the importance of frontal and parietal areas for task performance, but the influence of frontoparietal tracts has not been thoroughly studied. We were interested in tract-specific characteristics and their association with processing speed in MS patients.

Application of a Deep Learning Approach to Analyze Large-Scale MRI Data of the Spine.

With its standardized MRI datasets of the entire spine, the German National Cohort (GNC) has the potential to deliver standardized biometric reference values for intervertebral discs (VD), vertebral bodies (VB) and spinal canal (SC). To handle such large-scale big data, artificial intelligence (AI) tools are needed. In this manuscript, we will present an AI software tool to analyze spine MRI and generate normative standard values.

An analysis of the effects of limited training data in distributed learning scenarios for brain age prediction.

Objective: Distributed learning avoids problems associated with central data collection by training models locally at each site. This can be achieved by federated learning (FL) aggregating multiple models that were trained in parallel or training a single model visiting sites sequentially, the traveling model (TM). While both approaches have been applied to medical imaging tasks, their performance in limited local data scenarios remains unknown.

Simplified Assessment of Lesion Water Uptake for Identification of Patients within 4.5 Hours of Stroke Onset: An Analysis of the MissPerfeCT Study.

Background And Purpose: Many patients with stroke cannot receive intravenous thrombolysis because the time of symptom onset is unknown. We tested whether a simple method of computed tomography (CT)-based quantification of water uptake in the ischemic tissue can identify patients with stroke onset within 4.5 hours.