Background: The spinal column is a frequent site for metastases, affecting over 30% of solid tumor patients. Identifying the primary tumor is essential for guiding clinical decisions but often requires resource-intensive diagnostics.
Purpose: To develop and validate artificial intelligence (AI) models using noncontrast MRI to identify primary sites of spinal metastases, aiming to enhance diagnostic efficiency.
What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Mushroom poisoning incidents are one of the major causes of death by foodborne outbreaks in China. Effective detection and identification can provide the foundation for determining the cause of the incidents and the early diagnosis and treatment of patients.
What Is Added By This Report?: The surveillance data from the Public Health Emergency Management Information System, China CDC, showed that incidents with laboratory test results as the basis for determining the cause of mushroom poisoning accounted for only 14.
The administration of certain cancer therapies can be associated with the development of cardiovascular toxicity or complications. This spectrum of toxicities is broad and requires nuanced approaches for prevention, identification, and management. This expert panel summarizes the consensus of opinions of diverse health care professionals in several key areas: 1) cardioprotection involves strategies aimed at the primary prevention of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity; 2) surveillance entails monitoring for cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity during cancer therapy; 3) permissive cardiotoxicity is the informed continuation of cancer therapy in the presence of cardiovascular toxicity, along with the implementation of mitigating cardiovascular treatments; and 4) special considerations include the invasive management of severe cardiovascular disease in patients receiving treatments for advanced cancer and the exploration of drug-drug interactions in cardio-oncology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJawless vertebrates once dominated Palaeozoic waters, but just two lineages have persisted to the present day: lampreys and hagfishes. Living lampreys are a relatively small clade, with just over 50 species described, but knowledge of their evolutionary relationships has always been based on either a few mitochondrial genes or a small number of taxa. Biogeographers have noted the disjunct antitropical distribution of living lamprey families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, are important anti-cancer therapies but are associated with arterial injury. Histopathological insights have been limited to small animal models, and the role of inflammation in the arterial toxic effects of anthracycline is unclear in humans. Our aims were (1) to evaluate aortic media fibrosis and injury in non-human primates treated with anthracyclines; (2) to assess the effect of anthracycline on aortic inflammation in patients treated for lymphoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Patients with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) following an acute myocardial infarction (MI) are considered to be at risk of progressive adverse cardiac remodelling which can lead to the development of heart failure and death. The early addition of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to standard treatment may delay or prevent progressive adverse remodelling in these patients.
Methods And Results: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction following MI.
Objective: The purpose of the present observational study was to evaluate the bacterial load in the air following various dental procedures.
Methods: Air contamination following seven aerosol-generating dental procedures was assessed. The air volume was sampled by a wet cyclone collector for 10 min during 10 sessions of the following procedures: air-polishing, ultrasonic instrumentation, manual instrumentation, rubber cup polishing, cavity preparation with a 1:5 red contra-angle, cavity preparation with turbine and Low Volume Evacuator (LVE), and cavity preparation with turbine and High Volume Evacuator (HVE).
Background: A deep learning (DL) model that can automatically detect and classify cervical canal and neural foraminal stenosis using cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
Methods: A method comprising region-of-interest (ROI) detection and cascade prediction was formulated for diagnosing cervical spinal stenosis based on a DL model. First, three part-specific convolutional neural networks were employed to detect the ROIs in different parts of the cervical MR images.
Despite decades of intense research, glioma remains a disease for which no adequate clinical treatment exists. Given the ongoing therapeutic failures of conventional treatment approaches, nanomedicine may offer alternative options because it can increase the bioavailability of drugs and alter their pharmacokinetics. Here, a new type of synthetic protein nanoparticles (SPNPs) is reported that allow for effective loading and controlled release of the potent cancer drug, paclitaxel (PTX) - a drug that so far has been unsuccessful in glioma treatment due to hydrophobicity, low solubility, and associated delivery challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Genomic sequencing technology allows for identification of reproductive couples with an increased chance, as compared with that in the general population, of having a child with an autosomal recessive or X-linked genetic condition.
Methods: We investigated the feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes of a nationwide, couple-based genetic carrier screening program in Australia as part of the Mackenzie's Mission project. Health care providers offered screening to persons before pregnancy or early in pregnancy.
Background: Drugs targeting angiogenesis and immunotherapy have transformed outcomes in renal cancer but may contribute to progressive kidney disease.
Methods: We linked healthcare databases in the West of Scotland (spanning 2010-2020) to identify adults with renal cancer who received one or both classes of drugs. Over two years following initiation, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope was modelled using linear mixed-effects models.
Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editors' attention by a concerned reader that the Transwell cell invasion data shown in Fig. 4D were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had already been published elsewhere prior to the submission of this paper to (one of which has been retracted). In view of the fact that certain of the abovementioned data had already apparently been published previously, the Editor of has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the effectiveness of drugs such as epinephrine is highly time-dependent. An intraosseous route of drug administration may enable more rapid drug administration than an intravenous route; however, its effect on clinical outcomes is uncertain.
Methods: We conducted a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial across 11 emergency medical systems in the United Kingdom that involved adults in cardiac arrest for whom vascular access for drug administration was needed.
• hiPSC-CM offer an alternative to in vivo models for predicting cardiotoxicity. • hiPSC-CM monolayers detect pro-arrhythmic effects; inotropic detection is less established. • Cardiac spheroids and engineered tissue may suit chronic cardiotoxicity studies (>2 weeks).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Concerns exist that intravenous (IV) iron might increase the risk of infections. The IRONMAN trial provided an opportunity to investigate whether giving IV ferric derisomaltose (FDI) to patients with heart failure and iron deficiency alters the rate of hospitalization or death due to infections.
Methods And Results: IRONMAN was a randomized trial of IV FDI versus usual care in patients with symptomatic heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45%, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20% or ferritin <100 μg/L.
RNA helicases are an evolutionary conserved class of nucleoside triphosphate dependent enzymes found in all kingdoms of life. Their cellular functions range from transcription regulation up to maintaining genomic stability and viral defence. As dysregulation of RNA helicases has been shown to be involved in several cancers and various diseases, RNA helicases are potential therapeutic targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially life-threatening condition resulting from the rapid destruction of malignant cells, leading to electrolyte imbalances and severe complications, such as acute kidney injury, arrhythmias, and seizures. TLS can be managed through hyperhydration, urate-lowering treatments, and a steroid prophase strategy.
Aims: This study aims to explore the impact of fractionated rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, on the occurrence and severity of TLS during the initial cycle in patients with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL).
Establishing predictive models for the pathological response and lymph node metastasis in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) based on MRI radiomic features derived from the tumor and mesorectal compartment (MC). This study included 209 patients with LARC who underwent rectal MRI both before and after nCRT. The patients were divided into a training set (n = 146) and a test set (n = 63).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study aims to verify Bolton's values for tooth size ratios and to evaluate possible relationships to different occlusal traits using precise digital measurement methods.
Materials And Methods: Including 1000 consecutively selected patients from three study centres a digital, partially automated model analysis was performed utilizing the software OnyxCeph. The measurements comprised tooth width for calculation of anterior (AR) and overall ratio (OR) as a percentage, arch width, length, perimeter, overjet, overbite, space analysis in millimetre and the assessment of the angle classification.
Objectives: Collagen membranes are extensively used for guided bone regeneration procedures, primarily for horizontal bone augmentation. More recently, it has been demonstrated that collagen membranes promote bone regeneration. Present study aimed at assessing if structural modifications of collagen membranes may enhance their osteoconductive capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To assess the possibility of vertical alveolar ridge augmentation by means of activation of the periosteum.
Materials And Methods: Six adult male Beagle dogs were used for the study. All premolars and first molars were extracted, and one vertical saucer-shaped bony defect was created on each side of the mandible.
Background: Congenital mitral valve disease (CMVD) presents major challenges in its medical and surgical management.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of 3-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and identify associations with MV reoperation in this setting.
Methods: All children <18 years of age who underwent MV reconstruction for CMVD in 2002 to 2018 were included.