From trauma to chronicity: Understanding the incidence and early immune changes of chronic complications in polytrauma patients.

Objective: Polytrauma is a complex condition associated with poor outcomes and high mortality rates resulting from severe damage and complicated complications. This study sought to ascertain the incidence of chronic complications in polytrauma patients, as well as the early immune changes and risk factors.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective and observational cohort study was conducted at the emergency surgery or traumatic intensive care unit (TICU) of the Advanced Trauma Center from August 2020 to July 2023.

Achieving Bright Luminescence and X-ray Scintillation in Zero-Dimensional Cesium Zinc Bromides by Cu-Mn Codoping.

Zero-dimensional (0D) metal halides have emerged as excellent luminescent materials for optical and optoelectronic applications. Especially environmentally friendly ternary zinc halides have recently drawn increasing attention. Herein, we present the codoping of Cu and Mn ions into 0D CsZnBr single crystals (SCs), which show bright PL emission and high stability.

Tislelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin as the more effective chemoimmunotherapy strategy in the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective, two-cohort, phase 2 trial.

This prospective, two-cohort phase 2 trial with random allocation was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant tislelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel/paclitaxel and cisplatin (TP) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the nab-paclitaxel or paclitaxel cohorts at a 1:1 ratio, and received intravenous tislelizumab (200 mg, day 1) combined with cisplatin (25 mg/m, days 1-3) and either nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m, days 1 and 8) or paclitaxel (150 mg/m, day 1) in a 21-day cycle for two cycles before surgery. The primary endpoint was the major pathological response (MPR) rate.

The SnRK2.2-ZmHsf28-JAZ14/17 module regulates drought tolerance in maize.

Abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are important plant hormones in response to drought stress. We have identified that ZmHsf28 elevated ABA and JA accumulation to confer drought tolerance in maize; however, the underlying mechanism still remains elusive. The knockout line zmhsf28 is generated to confirm the positive role of ZmHsf28 in drought response.

Causal relationships between depression, emotional changes, and hiatal hernia: A Mendelian randomization analysis.

Hiatal hernia (HH) is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by the displacement of abdominal contents, particularly the stomach, into the thoracic cavity. This condition is frequently associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and can lead to various symptoms, including chronic cough and respiratory issues. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms linking psychological factors to HH are not well understood.

Effects of cilostazol on cognitive function and dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cilostazol is an antiplatelet drug and is used for stroke prevention and symptomatic peripheral vascular disease. Studies have reported the effects of cilostazol on cognitive function, but the results are inconsistent and have not been systematically assessed.

Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for relevant clinical studies.

Severe Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis with peripheral nerve damage: A case report.

Rationale: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a B-lymphotropic double-stranded DNA virus. Most people infected with EBV are asymptomatic infection. Its clinical symptoms are rarely manifested as EBV encephalitis, and peripheral nerve damage is even rarer.

Retrospective comparative analysis of human fascioliasis versus bacterial liver abscess.

This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of human fascioliasis and bacterial liver abscesses to provide a reference for the early and effective differentiation of these 2 diseases to avoid misdiagnosis. We retrospectively compared the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 95 patients with human fascioliasis and 95 with bacterial liver abscess admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University between January 2013 and March 30, 2023. The human fascioliasis group exhibited a higher proportion of female patients and a greater frequency of abdominal pain and lesions affecting both lobes of the liver.

Semantic Scene Completion in Autonomous Driving: A Two-Stream Multi-Vehicle Collaboration Approach.

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication enables capturing sensor information from diverse perspectives, greatly aiding in semantic scene completion in autonomous driving. However, the misalignment of features between ego vehicle and cooperative vehicles leads to ambiguity problems, affecting accuracy and semantic information. In this paper, we propose a Two-Stream Multi-Vehicle collaboration approach (TSMV), which divides the features of collaborative vehicles into two streams and regresses interactively.

Core Payload of the Space Gravitational Wave Observatory: Inertial Sensor and Its Critical Technologies.

Since Einstein's prediction regarding the existence of gravitational waves was directly verified by the ground-based detector Advanced LIGO, research on gravitational wave detection has garnered increasing attention. To overcome limitations imposed by ground vibrations and interference at arm's length, a space-based gravitational wave detection initiative was proposed, which focuses on analyzing a large number of waves within the frequency range below 1 Hz. Due to the weak signal intensity, the TMs must move along their geodesic orbit with a residual acceleration less than 10 m/s/Hz.

Dense-TNT: Efficient Vehicle Type Classification Neural Network Using Satellite Imagery.

Accurate vehicle type classification plays a significant role in intelligent transportation systems. It is critical to understand the road conditions and usually contributive for the traffic light control system to respond correspondingly to alleviate traffic congestion. New technologies and comprehensive data sources, such as aerial photos and remote sensing data, provide richer and higher-dimensional information.

Automatic Detection and Classification of Natural Weld Defects Using Alternating Magneto-Optical Imaging and ResNet50.

It is difficult to detect and identify natural defects in welded components. To solve this problem, according to the Faraday magneto-optical (MO) effect, a nondestructive testing system for MO imaging, excited by an alternating magnetic field, is established. For the acquired MO images of crack, pit, lack of penetration, gas pore, and no defect, Gaussian filtering, bilateral filtering, and median filtering are applied for image preprocessing.

Real-Time and Ultrasensitive Prostate-Specific Antigen Sensing Using Love-Mode Surface Acoustic Wave Immunosensor Based on MoS@CuO-Au Nanocomposites.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a well-established tumour marker for prostatic carcinoma. In this study, we present a novel, real-time, and ultrasensitive Love-mode surface acoustic wave (L-SAW) immunosensor for PSA detection enhanced by MoS@CuO-Au nanocomposite conjugation. The MoS@CuO-Au nanocomposites were analyzed by SEM, XRD, and EDS.

Accurate Identification Partial Discharge of Cable Termination for High-Speed Trains Based on S-Transform and Two-Dimensional Convolutional Network Algorithm.

Cable termination is an important part of energy transmission in high-speed trains, and it is also a weak link in the insulation. It is important to determine the insulation status of cable terminals by the detection results of partial discharge signals, but the partial discharge signals in the field test circuit are mixed with a large amount of external corona interference, which affects the detection accuracy. This paper proposes a signal recognition model that incorporates Stockwell transform (ST) and 2DCNN, which in combination with wavelet noise reduction can achieve a high-precision classification effect for partial discharge and corona interference with an accuracy rate of up to 98.

CASSAD: Chroma-Augmented Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection for Conveyor Belt Idlers.

Idlers are essential to conveyor systems, as well as supporting and guiding belts to ensure production efficiency. Proper idler maintenance prevents failures, reduces downtime, cuts costs, and improves reliability. Most studies on idler fault detection rely on supervised methods, which depend on large labelled datasets for training.

A Shortest Distance Priority UAV Path Planning Algorithm for Precision Agriculture.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have made significant advances in autonomous sensing, particularly in the field of precision agriculture. Effective path planning is critical for autonomous navigation in large orchards to ensure that UAVs are able to recognize the optimal route between the start and end points. When UAVs perform tasks such as crop protection, monitoring, and data collection in orchard environments, they must be able to adapt to dynamic conditions.

MugenNet: A Novel Combined Convolution Neural Network and Transformer Network with Application in Colonic Polyp Image Segmentation.

Accurate polyp image segmentation is of great significance, because it can help in the detection of polyps. Convolutional neural network (CNN) is a common automatic segmentation method, but its main disadvantage is the long training time. Transformer is another method that can be adapted to the automatic segmentation method by employing a self-attention mechanism, which essentially assigns different importance weights to each piece of information, thus achieving high computational efficiency during segmentation.

Rectangular Improvement Method for Plan View Pattern of Plates During the Angular Rolling Process.

The effect of the angular rolling process on the plan view pattern of a plate was studied, and the rectangular influencing factors and improvement methods for this process were proposed in this paper. DEFORM (v11.0) finite element software was used to simulate the processes of conventional rolling and angular rolling, and the degree of rectangularity of plates under different rolling process conditions was compared.

Optimizing Cement Content in Controlled Low-Strength Soils: Effects of Water Content and Hydration Time.

The Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetic Acid (EDTA) titration test is widely used for determining cement content, but its reliability is influenced by the hydration process of cement, which is affected by factors such as water content and hydration time. Despite their importance, these factors have received limited attention in existing research. This study explores the relationships between the volume of titrant required for stabilization, cement content, water content, and hydration time.

CMAS Corrosion Behavior of Mid-Entropy Rare-Earth Hafnate (YGdYb)HfO as Thermal Barrier Coating Candidate.

High-temperature CMAS corrosion has become a crucial factor inhibiting the further development of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) because of the increasing service temperature of aero-engines. Herein, a novel mid-entropy rare-earth hafnate (YGdYb)HfO (YGYbH) was prepared by ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS) technology, and its CMAS corrosion behavior and mechanism were investigated. During corrosion, the CaRE(SiO)O apatite phase with a lower formation enthalpy and entropy-stabilized effect had a more intense tendency to be generated, which improves the density and stability of the reaction layer, hindering the further penetration of molten CMAS.

Quantitative Seismic Damage Assessment of Resilient Concrete Columns Using Drift Ratio-Based Fractal Dimension.

The objective of this paper is to develop assessment models to quantitatively evaluate the seismic damage caused to resilient concrete columns intended for buildings located in strong-earthquake-prone regions such as Japan and China. The proposed damage assessment models are based on the fractal analysis of crack patterns on the surface of damaged concrete columns and expressed in the form of a fractal dimension (FD) versus transient drift ratio relationship. To calibrate the proposed damage assessment models, a total of eighty images of crack patterns for eight concrete columns were utilized.

Research on the Measurement Technology for Pretension Stress on Small-Sized Bolts Based on the Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Resonance Method.

With the widespread application of small-sized bolts in aerospace and other fields, the demand for measuring their connection structures is increasing. Currently, although ultrasonic longitudinal wave methods are commonly used for bolt pretension stress measurement, their accuracy is limited for small-sized bolts. This paper proposes a piezoelectric acoustic resonance method (PZTAR) for small-sized bolt pretension stress measurement based on acoustic elasticity theory, ultrasonic resonance principles, and a bolt stress-strain model.

Residual Stress Measurement Using EMAT for X80 Pipeline Steel: Effects of Coating Thickness and Surface Roughness Under Low Surface Preparation Requirements.

The residual stress significantly affects the operational safety of oil and gas pipelines. Traditional ultrasonic stress measurement methods require pipeline surface pretreatment, which reduces detection efficiency. EMAT, as a non-contact measurement method, shows promising applications for residual stress detection in oil and gas pipelines.

Effect of Al Element on Retained Austenite, Residual Compressive Stress, and Contact Fatigue Life of Carburized and Quenched 20MnCr5 Steel Gear.

To improve the contact fatigue life of gears, we studied the effect of adding a certain proportion of the Al element to a 20MnCr5 steel FZG spur gear under different heat treatment processes, characterizing the retained austenite and residual compressive stress on the tooth surface. The stability of the microstructure grain size on the gear surface under different heat treatment processes was studied, and the surface microstructure, phase structure, and composition of the gear were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The changes in the retained austenite content and grain size on the gear surface at a microscale of 2-100 μm were investigated.