Structural Characterization of Polysaccharides from Noni ( L.) Juice and Their Preventive Effect on Oxidative Stress Activity.

Polysaccharides are very promising molecules in the field of pharmacotherapy. Knowing this, the aim of this study was to extract, characterize, and evaluate the action of the polysaccharides in noni juice, using biological models of Type 2 diabetes mellitus processes. In this study, one polysaccharide named NJSPd-1 was separated from fermented noni fruit juice.

White matter microstructural subgroups of children with ADHD: Similar clinical presentations and distinct neuropsychological profiles.

Objectives: The current study aimed to explore whether it is possible to subgroup ADHD using white matter microstructural characteristics.

Methods: In a cohort comprising subjects with ADHD (n = 227) (all aged 6-15 years) and their healthy counterparts (n = 89), the Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) was used to assess fractional anisotropy (FA) in several regions: the body, genu, and splenium of corpus callosum (CC), the bilateral anterior corona radiata, the bilateral internal capsule, and the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus. Clinical and neuropsychological profiles were assessed using the ADHD rating scale (ADHD-RS), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), and CANTAB.

Spatial-temporal variation and source analysis of heavy metals in different land use types in Beilun District (2015 and 2022).

The soil environment plays an important role in urban ecosystems. To study the heavy metal contamination of soil in Beilun District, Ningbo, we collected soil samples from 60 points in urban and peri-urban areas of Beilun District and analyzed the spatiotemporal variation and sources of heavy metal pollution in various land-use types. The results shown that the heavy metal contents in 2015 and 2022 were higher than the background soil values of Ningbo city, and there was an accumulation of heavy metals over these 7 years.

DNA-SIP delineates unique microbial communities in the rhizosphere of the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii which are beneficial to Cd phytoextraction.

Rhizo-microbe recruited by hyperaccumulating plants are crucial for the extraction of metals from contaminated soils. It is important, but difficult, to identify the specific rhizosphere microbes of hyperaccumulators shaped by root exudation. Continuous CO labeling, microbial DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP), and high throughput sequencing were applied to identify those rhizosphere microorganisms using exudates from the Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

Do mould inhibitors alter the microbial community structure and antibiotic resistance gene profiles on textiles?

Mould inhibitors are closely associated with human health and have been extensively applied to textiles to prevent mould and insect infestations. However, the impact of these mould inhibitors on the microbial community structure on textiles and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profiles remains largely unexplored. In this study, testing techniques, including high-throughput quantitative PCR and Illumina sequencing, were employed to analyse the effects of three types of mould inhibitors -para-dichlorobenzene (PDCB), naphthalene, and natural camphor balls-on the composition of microbial communities and ARG profiles.

Smart Phototheranostics based on Carbon Nanohorns for Precise Imaging-Guided Post-PDT toward Residual Tumor Cells after Initial Phototherapy.

As promising photonic material, phototheranostics can be activated in the laser irradiation range of tumor with sensitivity and spatiotemporal precision. However, it is difficult to completely eradicate solid tumors due to their irregularity and limited laser irradiation area. Herein, multi-stimulus responsive HA-Ce6@SWNHs were constructed with single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) and chlorine e6 (Ce6) modified hyaluronic acid (HA) via non-covalent binding.

Effects of biochar addition on nitrous oxide emission during soil freeze-thaw cycles.

Biochar applied to soil can reduce nitrous oxide (NO) emissions produced by freeze-thaw processes. Nonetheless, how biochar modification affects NO emissions during freeze-thaw cycles is not completely clear. In our research, during freeze-thaw cycles, microcosm experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of maize straw biochar (MB) or rice straw biochar (RB) addition on soil NO emissions under different water conditions.

Analysis of Nursing Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Hemodialysis Patients with Uremia.

Uremic pruritus affects 50-90% of hemodialysis patients, making it one of the most frequent medical issues among this group. Pruritus can lead to skin infections, desquamation, pathological skin changes, sleep problems, anxiety, depression, and social problems. The epidemic of uremia pneumonia has put a lot of stress on hemodialysis patients, resulting in negative feelings.

Migration and Transformation of Multiple Heavy Metals in the Soil-Plant System of E-Waste Dismantling Site.

E-waste generation has become a major environmental issue worldwide. Heavy metals (HMs) in e-waste can be released during inappropriate recycling processes. While their pollution characteristics have been studied, the migration and transformation of different multi-metal fractions in soil-plant system of e-waste dismantling sites is still unclear.

Altering Chain Flexibility of Aliphatic Polyesters for Yellow-Green Clusteroluminescence in 38 % Quantum Yield.

Preparation of non-conjugated polymers with long-wavelength emission and high quantum yield (QY) is still a huge challenge. Herein, we report the first example of linear non-conjugated polyester exhibiting yellow-green clusteroluminescence (CL) and a high QY of 38 %. We discovered that the polyester P3 with balanced flexibility and rigidity showed the longest CL wavelength and highest QY.

Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans.

Respiratory tract viral infection caused by viruses or bacteria is one of the most common diseases in human worldwide, while those caused by emerging viruses, such as the novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV that caused the pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China most recently, have posed great threats to global public health. Identification of the causative viral pathogens of respiratory tract viral infections is important to select an appropriate treatment, save people's lives, stop the epidemics, and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics. Conventional diagnostic tests, such as the assays for rapid detection of antiviral antibodies or viral antigens, are widely used in many clinical laboratories.

An Investigation of the Organoborane/Lewis Base Pairs on the Copolymerization of Propylene Oxide with Succinic Anhydride.

The copolymerization of biorenewable succinic anhydride (SA) with propylene oxide (PO) is a promising way to synthesize biodegradable aliphatic polyesters. However, the catalytic systems for this reaction still deserve to be explored because the catalytic activity of the reported catalysts and the molecular weights of produced polyesters are unsatisfied. Herein, we investigate the copolymerization of SA with PO catalyzed by the organoborane/base pairs.

Development of Small-Molecule MERS-CoV Inhibitors.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) with potential to cause global pandemics remains a threat to the public health, security, and economy. In this review, we focus on advances in the research and development of small-molecule MERS-CoV inhibitors targeting different stages of the MERS-CoV life cycle, aiming to prevent or treat MERS-CoV infection.

Metal-Free Route to Precise Synthesis of Poly(propylene oxide) and Its Blocks with High Activity.

The fast and living ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of propylene oxide (PO) by metal-free catalysis is reported. By using triethyl borane (TEB) and organic Lewis bases (LBs, e.g.

Inoculation of YH1 Leads to Reduced Metal Uptake for Grown in Mine Tailings and Metal-Polluted Soils.

Metalliferous mine tailings have a negative impact on the soil environment near mining areas and render cultivable lands infertile. Phytoremediation involving the synergism of legume and rhizobia provides a useful technique in tackling this issue with cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and easy-to-use features under adverse soil conditions. has been found to build symbiotic relationships with native rhizobia in the iron-vanadium-titanium oxide (V-Ti magnetite) mine tailing soil.

Graphene loading water-soluble phthalocyanine for dual-modality photothermal/photodynamic therapy via a one-step method.

In this paper, we present a new and facile one-step method for the fabrication of a water-soluble graphene-phthalocyanine (GR-Pc) hybrid material by simply sonicating GR with a hydrophilic Pc, tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt copper phthalocyanine (TSCuPc). In the resultant hybrid material, TSCuPc is coated on the skeleton of pristine GR via non-covalently π-π interaction, detailedly characterized by UV-vis/Raman spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. The obtained GR-Pc hybrid (GR-TSCuPc) is applied for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT).

One-step preparation of a water-soluble carbon nanohorn/phthalocyanine hybrid for dual-modality photothermal and photodynamic therapy.

The biomedical applications of carbon nanomaterials, especially integrating noninvasive photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), into a single system have enormous potential in cancer therapy. Herein, we present a novel and facile one-step method for the preparation of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) and metal phthalocyanines (MPc) hybrid for PTT and PDT. The hydrophilic MPc, tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt copper phthalocyanine (TSCuPc), is coated on the surface of SWNHs via noncovalent π-π interaction using the sonication method.

Pilot-scale waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation, fermentation liquid separation, and application of fermentation liquid to improve biological nutrient removal.

The use of sludge fermentative short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) as an additional carbon source of biological nutrient removal (BNR) has drawn much attention recently as it can reuse sludge organics, reduce waste activated sludge production, and improve BNR performance. Our previous laboratory study had shown that the SCFA production was significantly enhanced by controlling sludge fermentation at pH 10 with NaOH. This paper focused on a pilot-scale study of alkaline fermentation of waste activated sludge, separation of the fermentation liquid from the alkaline fermentation system, and application of the fermentation liquid to improve municipal biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal.