Growth inhibition and apoptosis of human multiple myeloma cells induced by 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid derivatives.

Multiple myeloma is a blood cell cancer and can cause symptoms such as bone loss and fatigue. Recent studies have shown that the bone marrow microenvironment may mediate tumor proliferation, drug resistance, and migration of the multiple myeloma cells. Synthetic triterpenoids have been used for the treatment of cancer due to their antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects.