Microsatellite instability-high status as a pan-cancer biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy.

Background: Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancers are linked to exceptional benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but studies on their efficacy across various MSI-H cancer types are limited.

Methods: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing ICIs to chemotherapy in advanced MSI-H/dMMR cancers were systematically reviewed. Eligible studies included 13 RCTs with 1633 MSI-H patients across colorectal, gastric, and endometrial cancers.

Effect of immunotherapy-infusion time of day on survival of patients with advanced cancers: a study-level meta-analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard of care for numerous malignancies. Emerging evidence suggests that the time of day (ToD) of ICI administration could impact the outcomes of patients with cancer. The consistency of ToD effects on ICI efficacy awaits initial evaluation.

Is There a Benefit of Oxaliplatin in Combination with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer? An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant fluoropyrimidine (5FU or capecitabine)-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been considered the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Whether addition of oxaliplatin (OXP) will further improve clinical outcomes is still unclear.

Methods: To identify clinical trials combining oxaliplatin in preoperative CRT or perioperative chemotherapy for LARC published until March 2021, we searched PubMed and the Cochrane Library.

Anti-PD-(L)1 for KRAS-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancers: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.

Purpose: The most frequent mutation in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Kirsten rat-sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) is found in 20-25% of these patients' tumors. While phase III trials on therapies targeting KRAS, especially KRAS, are ongoing, the clinical efficacy of anti-programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) against KRAS-mutant NSCLCs remains a topic of debate.

Methods: This meta-analysis examined randomized-trial data comparing first- or second-line anti-PD-(L)1 with or without chemotherapy vs.

Impact on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Rates of Coronary Artery Calcifications Detected during Organized, Low-Dose, Computed-Tomography Screening for Lung Cancer: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

Although organized, low-dose, computed-tomography (CT) scan lung-cancer screening has been shown to lower all-cause and lung-cancer-specific mortality, the primary cause of death for subjects eligible for such screening remains cardiovascular (CV) mortality. This meta-analysis study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of screening-scan-detected coronary artery calcifications (CACs) on CV and all-cause mortality. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting CV mortality according to the Agatson CAC score for participants in a lung-cancer screening program of randomized clinical or cohort studies.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Patients Aged ≥ 75 Years with Advanced Cancer in First- and Second-Line Settings: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: The impact of aging on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains controversial, and little is known on the subject in adults aged ≥ 75 years.

Objective: The objective of this comprehensive meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of ICIs in patients aged ≥ 75 years.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials concerning ICIs (as monotherapy or in combination) versus standard therapy in patients with advanced solid tumors between January 2010 and January 2020.

First-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone for negative or < 1% PD-L1-expressing metastatic non-small-cell lung cancers.

Aims: Single-agent anti-PD-1/PD-L1 clinical efficacy against < 1% PD-L1-expressing non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) is controversial.

Methods: This meta-analysis examined randomized-trial data comparing first-line PD-1/PD-L1-inhibitor + chemotherapy (CT) vs CT alone for advanced < 1% PD-L1 NSCLCs. Outcome measures included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR).

Is There a Benefit of Addition Docetaxel, Abiraterone, Celecoxib, or Zoledronic Acid in Initial Treatments for Patients Older Than 70 Years With Hormone-sensitive Advanced Prostate Cancer? A Meta-analysis.

Background: Results from large randomized controlled trials combining docetaxel, abiraterone, celecoxib, or bisphosphonates with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer have emerged. However, in our knowledge, few data are available in patients older than 70 years. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis of all published phase III studies.

Impact of the addition of bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, or irinotecan to fluoropyrimidin in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer in elderly patients.

Introduction: The clinical benefit of double-front-line therapy (including oxaliplatin or irinotecan or bevacizumab plus 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or capecitabine) compared to monotherapy (5FU or capecitabine) in elderly (> 70 years) patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) is controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of published randomized studies.

Materials And Methods: The selection of the studies was carried out using PubMed with the following keywords: "metastatic colorectal cancer," "elderly," "oxaliplatin," "irinotecan," "bevacizumab," "survival.

[Checkpoint inhibitors, the perspectives for elderly patients].

The arrival of new immunotherapies, called checkpoint inhibitors, is radically changing the world of oncology. Currently, there are some twenty different cancers which may respond to this type of therapy. It is therefore important that professionals involved in the care of elderly people with cancer are already made aware of these new treatments.

Slow Gait Speed Is an Independent Predictor of Early Death in Older Cancer Outpatients: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To assess the predictive value of gait speed for early death in older outpatients with cancer.

Design: Prospective bicentric observational cohort study.

Setting: The Physical Frailty in Elder Cancer patients (PF-EC) study (France).

Chronological Age and Risk of Chemotherapy Nonfeasibility: A Real-Life Cohort Study of 153 Stage II or III Colorectal Cancer Patients Given Adjuvant-modified FOLFOX6.

Objectives: To assess nonfeasibility of adjuvant-modified FOLFOX6 chemotherapy in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer.

Methods: Consecutive patients managed between 2009 and 2013 in 2 teaching hospitals in the Paris urban area were included in the CORSAGE (COlorectal canceR, AGe, and chemotherapy fEasability study) cohort study. Nonfeasibility was defined by the frequencies of empirical first-cycle dose reduction (>15%), early discontinuation (<12 cycles), and low relative dose intensity (RDI) (<0.

Measurement of gait speed in older adults to identify complications associated with frailty: A systematic review.

Several frailty screening tests in older cancer patients were developed but their statistical performance is low. We aimed to assess whether measurement of usual gait speed (GS) alone could be used as a frailty screening test in older cancer patients. This systematic review was conducted on "pub med" between 1984 and 2014 and included reviews and original studies.

Doublet chemotherapy vs. single-agent therapy with 5FU in elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. a meta-analysis.

Background: The clinical benefit of first-line doublet chemotherapy (including oxaliplatin or irinotecan) compared to single-drug therapy (5FU) in elderly patients (>70 or >75 years old) with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) is controversial. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis of all published phase III studies.

Material And Methods: We performed a PubMed search using keywords metastatic colorectal cancer, phase III studies, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, survival.

Similar survival rates with first-line gefitinib, gemcitabine, or docetaxel in a randomized phase II trial in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and a poor performance status (IFCT-0301).

Objectives: We evaluated the impact of age in a randomized phase II trial that compared three first-line drugs in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a poor performance status (PS).

Materials And Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC with a PS of 2 or 3 were enrolled into a multicenter randomized trial: arm A, gefitinib; arm B, gemcitabine; and arm C, docetaxel. We performed subgroup analyses according to age.

[Assessment of nursing needs and risk management in geriatric oncology].

In France, the incidence and rate of mortality of cancer increase with age. For elderly patients suffering from cancer, the standard geriatric assessment, together with an oncological assessment aims to optimise the treatment. This geriatric oncology assessment enables the priorities to be identified and the cancer treatment to be adapted by anticipating the risks and organising the support care.