Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer-Professional Guideline 1st Central-Eastern European Professional Consensus Statement on Breast Cancer.

The international radiotherapy (RT) expert panel has revised and updated the RT guidelines that were accepted in 2020 at the 4th Hungarian Breast Cancer Consensus Conference, based on new scientific evidence. Radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is indicated in ductal carcinoma (stage 0), as RT decreases the risk of local recurrence (LR) by 50-60%. In early stage (stage I-II) invasive breast cancer RT remains a standard treatment following BCS.

[Not Available].

The primary aim of AVACONT was to collect data in the course of routine oncological care from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with bevacizumab supplemented fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy doublet in an open, multicentre, observational study in Hungary. Primary endpoint of the study was to determine progression-free survival (PFS). The Full Analysis Set (FAS) comprised 280 patients.

Pathologic Complete Response Rates After Neoadjuvant Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab with Chemotherapy in Early Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer - Increasing Rates of Breast Conserving Surgery: A Real-World Experience.

The neoadjuvant use of pertuzumab and trastuzumab with chemotherapy improves the pathologic complete response (pCR) in early HER2+ breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the pCR rate obtained with dual HER2 blockade in routine clinical practice. The secondary and tertiary objective was to investigate the impact of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) on performing breast-conserving surgery and survival data.

[Secondary lung cancer risk after breast cancer radiation therapy. The benefits substantially overweight the minimal disadvantages].

Considerable evidence supports the rationale for postoperative radiotherapy after breast cancer surgery. Moreover, local tumour control affects survival too. High-dose irradiation is inherently associated with an increased risk of secondary malignancies in the long run.

[4th Hungarian Breast Cancer Consensus Conference - Radiotherapy guidelines].

The radiotherapy (RT) expert panel revised and updated the RT guidelines accepted in 2016 at the 3rd Hungarian Breast Cancer Consensus Conference based on new scientific evidence. Radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is indicated in ductal carcinoma in situ (St. 0), as RT decreases the risk of local recurrence (LR) by 50-60%.

[Oral contraception and the risk of breast cancer. Review of the literature].

At present an estimated hundred millions of women worldwide use oral contraception, but the influence of hormonal contraception on carcinogenesis of breast is not fully understood. Previous studies of breast cancer risk show inconsistent findings - from zero elevation to approximately 30%-40% increase in risk. The beneficial effect on ovarian and endometrial cancer risk is apparent.

Everolimus Plus Exemestane vs Everolimus or Capecitabine Monotherapy for Estrogen Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: The BOLERO-6 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Everolimus plus exemestane and capecitabine are approved second-line therapies for advanced breast cancer.

Objective: A postapproval commitment to health authorities to estimate the clinical benefit of everolimus plus exemestane vs everolimus or capecitabine monotherapy for estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer.

Design: Open-label, randomized, phase 2 trial of treatment effects in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer that had progressed during treatment with nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors.

An open-label, dose-ranging study of Rolontis, a novel long-acting myeloid growth factor, in breast cancer.

This randomized, open-label, active-controlled study investigated the safety and efficacy of three doses of Rolontis (eflapegrastim), a novel, long-acting myeloid growth factor, versus pegfilgrastim in breast cancer patients being treated with docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (TC). The primary efficacy endpoint was duration of severe neutropenia (DSN) during the first cycle of treatment. Patients who were candidates for adjuvant/neoadjuvant TC chemotherapy were eligible for participation.

[Alcohol and breast cancer. A short survey].

Regular consumption of alcohol increases the risk of developing (one or more of) several malignant conditions: the frequency of tumours in the aerodigestive tract, in the liver, in the colorectal region and in the breast is increased. The principal carcinogen component of alcoholic drinks is ethanol itself; the effect is unmistakably proportional to the daily/weekly dosage. Under the influence of alcohol-dehydrogenase, ethanol will metabolise to acetaldehyde, which is a known carcinogen.

[The post-treatment cognitive impairment ("chemobrain") in breast cancer patients. Short review.].

With the continually growing number of cancer survivors in the past decades there is an increased interest in understanding and treating the adverse events of cancer therapy, which damage the survivor's quality of life. Post-treatment cognitive impairment (chemobrain) is well known in women with breast cancer and other patients with malignancy. The goal of the current short review is to arouse the caregivers' attention to the not severe, but real problem.

[Treatment of bone metastases: bisphosphonates and denosumab].

Some disseminated tumor cells (as "seeds") feel well in the skeletal tissue, as a "soil", but the humoral crosstalk between tumor cells and bone cells disrupts the normal bone homeostasis (remodeling), which leads to a vicious circle, the multiple bone metastatic disease. The tumor cells could stimulate bone resorption, bone neo-formation or both, characteristic of the primary tumor. This usually incurable condition involves serious consequences, as fractures, pain, surgeries, irradiations, plegias, hypercalcemia, etc.

The MAGIC survey in hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer: When might multigene assays be of value?

Background: A modest proportion of patients with early stage hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Traditionally, treatment recommendations are based on clinical/pathologic criteria that are not predictive of chemotherapy benefit. Multigene assays provide prognostic and predictive information that can help to make more informed treatment decisions.

[Cachexia in cancer patients].

About 50% of all patients with cancer eventually develop anorexia/cachexia syndrome, which represents a complex clinical syndrome occurring in several illnesses, including cancer. The syndrome is characterized by systemic inflammation and primarily loss of body fat and body mass. In this review we shortly summarize the pathomechanism of anorexia/cachexia syndrome and list the current pharmacological approaches.

Capecitabine in Combination with Docetaxel in First Line in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: an Observational Study.

Due to the limited experience with capecitabine plus docetaxel (XT) combination in the first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer in Hungary, the main objective of the study was to analyze the effectiveness and tolerability of XT therapy. A prospective, open-label, non-randomized, single-arm, multicenter, observational study was designed. All female patients were eligible whose metastatic breast cancer could be treated with the XT protocol according to the summary of product characteristics of the drugs.

[3rd Hungarian Breast Cancer Consensus Conference - Radiotherapy Guidelines].

The radiotherapy expert panel revised and updated the radiotherapy (RT) guidelines accepted in 2009 at the 2nd Hungarian Breast Cancer Consensus Conference based on new scientific evidence. Radiotherapy of the conserved breast is indicated in ductal carcinoma in situ (St. 0), as RT decreases the risk of local recurrence by 60%.

[Fulvestrant (Faslodex®) for hormone sensitive breast cancer. A review].

Endocrine agents are well established standards of care in hormone-sensitive postmenopausal breast cancer. The pure estrogen receptor antagonist (down-regulator) fulvestrant after binding to the ER induces its conformational change which disrupts ER signal and accelerates ER degradation. Fulvestrant is devoid of partial agonist activity.

[Historical overview and the current practice of intracavitary treatment of cervical and endometrial cancer in the Oncoradiology Center of Budapest].

The aims of our study were to describe the history and development of intracavitary brachytherapy in the treatment of gynecological tumors, to introduce our current practice for intracavitary brachytherapy treatments based on CT planning. Gynecological intracavitary brachytherapy has been applied in our department since the early 1930s. After a long development it has been completely renewed by 2014.

[Vitamin D and breast cancer].

The active form of vitamin D, in conjunction with his own receptor, affect a multitude of biological processes in the cell (inter alia it influences the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes). There is an increasing volume of scientific publications examining the relationships between serum vitamin D levels, vitamin D supplementation and malignant diseases. Some articles suggest inverse relationship between the low serum levels of vitamin D and the breast cancer risk and mortality, whilst other publications do not support this view.

[Postoperative radiotherapy of breast cancer and cardiotoxicity].

Cardiac complications may present a particular problem following radiation treatment applied to the mediastinum and thoracic wall (and especially to the left breast). Exposure of the heart during radiotherapy increases the risk of ischemic heart disease occurring generally years after the treatment. The incidence of radiation cardiotoxicity depends on various factors related to oncological therapies and the patient (details of radiotherapy, age, gender, comorbidities, smoking habits, etc.

First-line bevacizumab-paclitaxel in 220 patients with metastatic breast cancer: results from the AVAREG study.

Background: First-line bevacizumab-paclitaxel therapy demonstrated a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 11 months in three randomized phase III trials on metastatic breast cancer (mBC) (E2100, TURANDOT and CALGB 40502). We assessed the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab-paclitaxel in a routine oncology practice study.

Patients And Methods: Patients with previously untreated mBC received bevacizumab-paclitaxel according to the approved indication in Hungary.

[Management of bone metastases].

The skeleton is the most common site to be affected by advanced breast, prostatic, lung, kidney, thyroid and other solid tumors (in addition to myeloma multiplex). Bone metastases cause significant morbidity with nearly always fatal outcome. Over 600 000 new patients diagnosed in the developed countries yearly.

[The role of PET/CT in decision-making during cancer treatment. Clinical experience].

Nowadays PET/CT examinations have got more and more important role during cancer treatment. It has importance not only in diagnostic examination and staging but also in the radiation planning process and measuring the therapeutic effect. From November 2006 to November 2010 there were 153 PET/CT examinations requested by the Oncology Outpatient Clinic, Uzsoki Hospital.

[Aromatase inhibitors and arthralgia].

In several large adjuvant clinical trials it has been demonstrated that substitution (eventually addition) of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) provides an improved outcome of endocrine-sensitive breast cancer over tamoxifen alone. Nevertheless, arthralgia induced by the AIs is one of the most frequent side effects in hormonal therapy. It is characterized by tenosynovial changes and is more frequent in patients in clinical practice than previously appreciated in adjuvant clinical trials.

Predictive and prognostic factors in the complex treatment of patients with colorectal cancer.

Colon cancer is the second most prevalent lethal cancer. The main cause for high mortality rate is that the prognosis for progressed metastatic colon cancer is most unfavorable. Recent data suggest that disease outcome can be further improved by the addition of targeted biological agents to the first- or second-line treatment.