Phase IV PROVE study: Perampanel in real-world clinical care of pediatric patients with epilepsy.

Introduction: The non-interventional Phase IV PROVE study (NCT03208660) assessed retention, efficacy, safety and tolerability, and perampanel dosing in patients with epilepsy during routine clinical care. This analysis evaluated final data from patients aged <4 years and 4-<12 years.

Methods: Data were obtained retrospectively from medical/pharmacy records of patients in the United States initiating perampanel after January 1, 2014, according to treating clinician recommendations.

PROVE-Phase IV Study of Perampanel in Real-World Clinical Care of Patients with Epilepsy: Interim Analysis in Pediatric Patients.

PROVE is a retrospective, phase IV study assessing retention, dosing, efficacy, and safety of perampanel when administered to patients during routine clinical care. We report an interim analysis of preadolescent (1 to <12 years) and adolescent (12 to <18 years) patients. Data were obtained from medical records of patients with epilepsy initiating perampanel after January 1, 2014; cut-off date for this analysis was October 10, 2018.

PROVE: Retrospective, non-interventional, Phase IV study of perampanel in real-world clinical care of patients with epilepsy.

Objective: To assess retention, dosing, efficacy, and safety of perampanel in a large cohort of patients with epilepsy during routine clinical care.

Methods: PROVE was a retrospective, non-interventional Phase IV study (NCT03208660). Data were obtained retrospectively from the medical records of patients in the United States initiating perampanel after January 1, 2014, according to treating clinicians' recommendation.

Patients with late onset psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES): How do they compare to those with younger onset?

Objective: To determine whether patients who experienced their first psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) at 50 years or older differed from those who developed PNES at a younger age, in terms of demographic, social/clinical as well as psychological measures.

Background: The typical age for PNES onset is roughly between 20 and 40 years of age. Only a handful of studies have examined samples with PNES onset at an older age and therefore information about these individuals is limited.

Perampanel in real-world clinical care of patients with epilepsy: Interim analysis of a phase IV study.

Objective: To assess the retention rate, efficacy, safety, and dosing of perampanel administered to patients with epilepsy during routine clinical care in the retrospective phase IV, PROVE Study (NCT03208660).

Methods: Exposure, efficacy, and safety data were obtained from the medical records of patients initiating perampanel after January 1, 2014, across 29 US study sites. The cutoff date for this interim analysis was October 10, 2018.

Depression, anxiety, and clinical history in Spanish-speaking American patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) compared with Spanish-speaking American patients with epilepsy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare Spanish-speaking American patients with epilepsy to Spanish-speaking American patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) on depression, anxiety, and other clinical variables.

Background: Research on Spanish-speaking American patients with epilepsy or PNES is relatively infrequent, with only a few studies on psychopathology in these two patient groups. Studies of English-speaking patients indicate that those with PNES present with greater depression and anxiety and report poorer quality of life (QOL) when compared with persons with epilepsy (PWEs).

Dissociation and other clinical phenomena in youth with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) compared to youth with epilepsy.

Purpose: To compare youth with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) to youth with epilepsy on demographic and clinical features and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC).

Method: A retrospective study of 31 patients; 15 patients with PNES (11 females) and 16 patients with epilepsy (8 females) collected consecutively between 2014-2018. Demographic and clinical information (age of seizure onset, life adversities, individual/family psychiatric history, etc.

Psychological trauma, somatization, dissociation, and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures compared with those in patients with intractable partial epilepsy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare patients with intractable epilepsy with patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) on the presence of psychological traumas, clinical factors, and psychological measures of somatization and dissociation.

Background: Several studies have reported a high prevalence of psychological trauma in patients with PNES, while less have examined the prevalence of psychological trauma in patients with epilepsy and compared both groups. Reports have been somewhat divergent with some describing significantly higher prevalence in physical abuse, others, in emotional abuse/neglect, and others, in sexual abuse in patients with PNES compared with those in patients with epilepsy.

Nutritional Support Using Enteral and Parenteral Methods.

The purpose of this Clinical Practice Guideline is to provide an approach for optimal nutritional support in the postinjury period for those injured in combat. Indications and contraindications for enteral and parenteral nutrition are addressed. Timing of nutritional support, nutritional goals, energy requirements, and ideal formula selection for various types of traumatic injuries are addressed.

Post-traumatic stress and relationships to coping and alexithymia in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.

Purpose: There is increasing evidence that patients with PNES can form subgroups distinguished by emotion dysregulation and comorbid psychological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with comorbid PTSD differ from other patients with PNES in terms of alexithymia and stress coping strategies.

Methods: 156 adult patients with video-EEG confirmed PNES were assessed with the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 (TSI-2) and diagnostic clinical interview, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS).

Are there gender differences in those diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures?

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether male and female populations of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) differ, in terms of demographic, social/clinical, and etiological factors as well as psychological measures.

Background: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures are overrepresented by females; therefore, information about PNES in males is limited. Only a handful of studies have examined PNES and gender, and of those, one was a literature review and with the exception of two, most have had small sample sizes.

Socialization characteristics in persons with epilepsy.

Objective: The purpose of this report was to describe social behaviors and preferences in adults with epilepsy, including self-reported use of various socialization media (face-to-face and indirect communication) as well as perceived social barriers.

Methods: 1320 consecutive persons with epilepsy (PWEs) confirmed through inpatient video-EEG monitoring were administered a questionnaire on the day of their first appointment. The questionnaire was designed to assess preferences in socialization practices, frequency of interpersonal contact, use of social media, and perceived barriers to socialization.

Prolonged exposure therapy for the treatment of patients diagnosed with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Objective: Although there is general consensus that psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are treated with psychotherapy, the effectiveness of most psychotherapeutic modalities remains understudied. In this treatment series of 16 patients dually diagnosed with PNES and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we evaluated the effect of prolonged exposure therapy (PE) on reduction of PNES. Secondary measures included Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Post-Traumatic Disorder Diagnostic Scale (PDS).

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) on the Internet: Online representation of the disorder and frequency of search terms.

Purpose: The nature of the symptoms associated with PNES require a multidisciplinary health team. There are too few professionals with an adequate understanding of PNES and therefore many are not able to provide patients with necessary information. In the age of the internet, it is not surprising that patients or caregivers might look for answers online.

The effects of lacosamide on cognition, quality-of-life measures, and quality of life in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine cognitive and quality-of-life measures/quality of life outcomes with adjunctive lacosamide therapy in patients with treatment-resistant partial epilepsy.

Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, nonblinded, adjunctive therapy test-retest (within subjects) study of patients with treatment-resistant partial epilepsy in which outcome (cognitive functioning and mood/quality of life) was measured in the same subject before and after adjunctive lacosamide administration for 24weeks. The cognitive assessment included the following: Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Buschke Selective Reminding Test, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, Stroop Color Word Test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Digit Span, Digit Cancellation, and Trails A and B.

Socialization characteristics in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES).

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe social behaviors and preferences in adults with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) including self-reported use of various socialization mediums (face-to-face and indirect communication) as well as perceived social barriers.

Methods: One hundred forty-one consecutive patients with a diagnosis of PNES that was later confirmed through inpatient video-EEG monitoring were administered a questionnaire on the day of their first outpatient appointment. The questionnaire was designed to assess preferences in socialization practices, frequency of interpersonal contact, use of social media, and perceived barriers to socialization.

Depression and quality of life in Spanish-speaking immigrant persons with epilepsy compared with those in English-speaking US-born persons with epilepsy.

Objective: This study aimed to examine levels of depression and quality of life in Spanish-speaking (less acculturated) immigrants with epilepsy compared with those in English-speaking US-born persons with epilepsy (PWEs).

Methods: The study included 85 PWEs - 38 Spanish-speaking immigrants with epilepsy and 47 US-born PWEs. All patients underwent video-EEG monitoring and completed depression and quality-of-life inventories in their dominant language (Spanish/English).

Cognitive differences between patients who have psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and patients who have PNESs without PTSD.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine cognitive and clinical differences among three groups of patients diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs): those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), those with a history of trauma but no PTSD, and those without a history of trauma.

Methods: Seventeen patients who were confirmed to have PTSD based on the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 (TSI-2) and clinical interview were compared with 29 patients without PTSD who had experienced trauma and 17 patients who denied experiencing trauma. We analyzed demographic data, psychiatric information, trauma characteristics, and neuropsychological variables in these groups.

Psychological trauma in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: trauma characteristics and those who develop PTSD.

Objectives: The first objective of this study was to examine and describe the demographic, psychiatric, and trauma characteristics of our sample with PNESs as a whole. Subsequently, a comparison between traumatized and nontraumatized patients with PNESs was performed with regard to descriptive and trauma characteristics and general psychopathology symptoms. Lastly, we analyzed the predictive value in distinguishing patients with "likely" vs.

Stress coping strategies in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and how they relate to trauma symptoms, alexithymia, anger and mood.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to assess stress coping strategies employed by patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and determine whether these approaches were associated with other psychopathological features. Ineffective stress coping strategies can have a variety of unhealthy consequences fueling psychopathology just as psychopathology can also have an impact on stress coping. Because of this, the study of stress coping has the potential to inform our understanding of the PNES condition and underscore a potential target for psychological treatment.

Prevalence of alexithymia in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and epileptic seizures and predictors in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.

Objective: The first objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of alexithymia (dysregulation and unawareness of emotion) in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNESs) and epileptic seizures (ESs). The second objective was to identify the predictors of alexithymia in patients with PNESs.

Methods: We studied 66 consecutive patients with PNESs and 35 patients with ESs with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20.

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: predisposing factors to diminished quality of life.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the factors that contribute to the reports of diminished quality of life (QOL) in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES).

Methods: We assessed 62 patients with PNES for quality of life, anger expression and personality, and psychiatric, social and medical histories.

Results: Diagnosis of depression, pain syndromes, older age of onset and shorter duration of PNES correlated with poorer quality of life.

Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: is output current correlated with acute response?

Objectives: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective treatment for intractable epilepsy. It is unknown whether acute response is correlated with the amplitude of output current. The purpose of this study was to determine if the output current of VNS is correlated with percent reductions in seizure frequency and response.

Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: randomized comparison of three stimulation paradigms.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective adjunctive treatment for intractable epilepsy. However, the optimal range of device duty-cycles [on/(on + off times)] is poorly understood. The authors performed a multicenter, randomized trial of three unique modes of VNS, which varied primarily by duty-cycle.

New-onset mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a 90-year-old: clinical and EEG features.

Although there is a peak in the incidence of epilepsy in the elderly compared with the general population, complex partial seizures represent less than 15% of the seizure types reported. We report on a 92-year-old woman with a 2-year history of daily complex partial seizures. Prolonged video/EEG recording showed bilateral anterior mesial temporal interictal spikes, which predominated on the left, and two typical seizures arising from the left temporal area.