Oral Health Workforce and American Indian and Alaska Native Communities: a Systematic Review.

Objective: Understanding the oral health workforce representing and serving American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities is vital to improving community dental health outcomes. No systematic review of recent published literature on the oral health workforce among this population has been completed.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of published literature examining the oral health workforce representing and serving AI/AN communities in the USA.

Cultural Unintelligibility and Marital Pressure: A Grounded Theory of Minority Stigma Against Women with Same-Sex Attraction in Mainland China.

Minority stigma against sexual minority women and its contributions to these women's health disparities have been widely investigated in Western countries. By contrast, little has been known about minority stigma against women with same-sex attraction (WSSA) in mainland China. This study aimed at exploring the nature, genesis, and pathways of minority stigma among this rarely studied minority group in terms of China's unique social and cultural organization of gender and sexuality.

Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in American Indian Adults in a Tribal Primary Care Clinic.

Background American Indian adults have a higher risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with other racial groups. We implemented opportunistic screening to detect silent AF in American Indian adults attending a tribal health system using a mobile, single-lead ECG device. Methods and Results American Indian patients aged ≥50 years followed in a tribal primary care clinic with no history of AF underwent a 30-second ECG.

Biomarkers of Exposure in ENDS Users, Smokers, and Dual Users of American Indian Descent.

Objectives: We measured biomarkers of exposure among American Indian (AI) ENDS users, smokers, and dual users.

Methods: Urine was analyzed for total nicotine equivalents (TNE) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol(NNAL). Expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) was collected.

The relationship between nicotine metabolism and nicotine and carcinogen exposure among American Indian commercial cigarette smokers and electronic nicotine delivery system users.

Background: In American Indian (AI) tobacco users from the southern plains region of the US, we examined the relationship between nicotine and carcinogen exposure and nicotine metabolism.

Methods: Smokers (n = 27), electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) users (n = 21), and dual users (n = 25) of AI descent were recruited from a southern plains state. Urinary biomarkers of nicotine metabolism (nicotine metabolite ratio [NMR]), nicotine dose (total nicotine equivalents [TNE]), and a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and its glucuronides [total NNAL] were measured.

Electronic nicotine delivery system use behaviour and loss of autonomy among American Indians: results from an observational study.

Objective: American Indians (AI) have a high prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use. However, little information exists on (ENDS) use, either alone or in combination with cigarettes (dual use), among AI. The objective of this small-scaled study was to examine use behaviours and dependence among exclusive ENDS users and dual users of AI descent.

Community-Based Study Recruitment of American Indian Cigarette Smokers and Electronic Cigarette Users.

Data on the effectiveness of strategies for the recruitment of American Indians (AIs) into research is needed. This study describes and compares methods for identifying and recruiting AI tobacco users into a pilot study. Community-based strategies were used to recruit smokers (n = 35), e-cigarette users (n = 28), and dual users (n = 32) of AI descent.

Assessment of Body Mass Index, Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake and Time Spent in Physical Activity of American Indian Children in Oklahoma.

American Indian (AI) children have a combined overweight and obesity prevalence of 53%. Behaviors that contribute to obesity, such as sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and time spent in physical activity (PA), have been poorly explored in this population. The purpose of this study is to report body mass index (BMI), SSB intake, and time spent in PA of 7-to-13-year-old AI children who reside in rural and urban areas in Oklahoma.

Decisions to participate in fragile X and other genomics-related research: Native American and African American voices.

Unlabelled: The lack of adequate minority representation, including Native-Americans (NA) and African-Americans (AA), in health related research is well documented. Nowhere is this truer than in the area of genomics-related research, which is especially troubling as NA and AA have some of the highest rates of overall morbidity and mortality due to genetic diseases.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore factors associated with the under representation of NA and AA adults in genetic research including: (1) decision barriers, (2) the influence of health care networks, (3) recruitment preferences, and (4) health conditions.