TLR2 agonist prevents the progression of periapical lesions in mice by reducing osteoclast activity and regulating the frequency of Tregs.

Aim: To evaluate the role of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) in the presence or absence of the synthetic ligand Pam3Cys during the progression of periapical lesion in wild-type (WT) and toll-like receptor 2 knockout (TLR2KO) mice.

Methodology: A total of 130 C57BL/6 male WT and TLR2KO mice were allocated into control (n = 5) and experimental (periapical lesion induction) (n = 10) groups. In specific groups (WT+Pam3cys and TLR2KO+Pam3cys), the synthetic ligand Pam3cys was administered intraperitoneally every 7 days, according to the experimental period (14, 21 and 42 days).

Effect of systemic administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on apical periodontitis.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats.

TNF-α-TNFR1 Signaling Mediates Inflammation and Bone Resorption in Apical Periodontitis.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the proinflammatory axis TNF-α-TNFR1 in experimentally induced periapical inflammation and bone resorption in mice.

Methods: After receiving Ethics Committee Approval (2019.1.

Interferon-gamma inducible protein 16 and type I interferon receptors expression in experimental apical periodontitis induced in wild-type mice.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the IFI16 and IFN-α/β receptors expression during the genesis and development of experimental apical periodontitis (AP) in mice teeth.

Methodology: Apical periodontitis was induced in the lower first molars of 40 C57BL/6 mice. They were divided according to the experimental periods 2, 7, 14, 21 and 42 days (n = 8 per group).

Primary intraosseous CD9-positive B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma of the maxilla affecting a pediatric patient: Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis.

Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a clinically aggressive disease, representing approximately 2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. In the oral and maxillofacial (OMF) region, approximately 39 cases, diagnosed as LBL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or ALL/LBL, have been reported to date. Noteworthy, the CD9 expression, which indicates a poor outcome in ALL, has not been reported in LBL and lymphoblastic neoplasms of the OMF region.

Unilateral enlargement of the lateral lingual tonsil: An immunohistochemical study and literature review.

Besides the Waldeyer's ring, other lymphoid aggregates can also be detected in the soft palate, floor of the mouth and ventral tongue. The lingual tonsil is located at the base of the tongue and related to circumvallate papillae, whereas subepithelial lymphoid tissue at the posterior lateral portion of the tongue and related to foliate papillae constitutes the lateral lingual tonsil. Unilateral tonsillar enlargement is critical, because it can suggest malignancy, notably non-Hodgkin lymphoma or squamous cell carcinoma.

Gingival ossifying myopericytoma in a pediatric patient: Immunohistochemical analysis and literature review.

Myopericytoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor characterized by a hemangiopericytoma-like vascular pattern with perivascular myoid differentiation. To date, only 11 cases of oral myopericytoma have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, myopericytoma with gingival involvement and associated with calcifications has not been reported, expanding their clinicopathological spectrum.

Multiple Desmoplastic Cellular Neurothekeomas in Child: Report of the First Oral Case and Review of the Literature.

Cellular neurothekeomas (CNs) are distinctive benign tumors of uncertain histogenesis, with predilection for the skin of the head and neck region. We describe the first case of multiple desmoplastic CNs (DCNs) affecting the oral cavity in a 9-year-old girl. Histopathologic evaluation showed a proliferation of spindle and epithelioid cells, forming nests and bundles, supported by exuberant fibrous stroma, as well as scattered multinucleated floret-like giant cells.