Expression and potential role of FOSB in glioma.

Background: FOSB is reported to be an oncogene in a variety of tumors. However, the expression and role of FOSB in glioma remain obscure. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression of FOSB in glioma and its biological role in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Expression of FOXO transcription factors in the brain following traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a substantial clinical and social problem worldwide, causing high morbidity and mortality along with significant economic and medical costs. Forkhead box O transcription factors (FOXOs) have been found to play a critical role in the regulation of cell functions, such as nutrient metabolism, programmed cell death, and tumor suppression. In the central nervous system, FOXOs are reported to be pivotal regulators of learning and memory, neurite outgrowth, and axonal degeneration.

FOXO4 expression associates with glioblastoma development and FOXO4 expression inhibits cell malignant phenotypes in vitro and in vivo.

Background And Aim: Forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) is a transcription factor, and aberrant FOXO4 expression is associated with development of various human cancers. This study explored the role of FOXO4 in glioma in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: FOXO4 expression was first assessed in normal brain tissues, low-grade glioma, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), normal human astrocytes (HA), and GBM cell lines, while manipulation of FOXO4 expression in glioma cell lines was assessed using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and cell viability CCK-8, Transwell, and a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft assays.

[Morphological study on early development of brain derived neurophic factor-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of human fetus].

Objective: To investigate the growth and development of brain derived neurophic factor(BDNF)-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of human fetus.

Methods: The expression of the BDNF-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of human fetus in the 2(nd),3(rd),and 4(th) month of gestation were observed with the streptavidin-biotin-complex/immunoperoxidase(SABC)method.

Results: By the second month of gestation,BDNF-positive neurons were seen in the subventricular layer of the frontal lobe of cerebellum.

[Morphological study on development of nerve growth factor-positive neurons in the cerebellum of human fetus].

Objective: To investigate the growth and development of nerve growth factor (NGF)-positive neurons in the cerebellum of midanaphase human fetus.

Methods: The expression of the NGF-positive neurons in the cerebrum of human fetus was observed by immunohistochemical methods, and the integral absorbance (IA) was detected.

Results: By the 3rd to 4th month of gestation, neurons was seen in the ependymal, central, and marginal plate of cerebellum; the nucleus was oval and the neurons had short and small processes.

[Morphology of nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in the cerebellar cortex of midanaphase human fetus].

Objective: To investigate the growth and development of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-positive neurons in the cerebellum of human fetus in the midanaphase.

Method: The positive expression of the NOS-positive neurons in the cerebellum of midanaphase human fetus was observed by immunohistochemistry.

Results: By the sixth to seventh month of gestation, NOS-positive neurons were seen in the ependymal layer of the cerebellum.

[Immunohistochemical study on development of nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of cerebrum of midanaphase human fetus].

Objective: To investigate the development of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum of human fetus in midanaphase.

Methods: The positive expression of the NOS-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of cerebrum of human fetus was observed by immunohistochemistry.

Results: By the 7th to 8th month of gestation, NOS-positive neurons in the cortical plate of frontal lobe demonstrated themselves inequality of sizes and morphological difference in the deeper layers with interspersed distribution and increased NOS response, and the distribution of beaded nerve fiber was observed between neurons of cerebral tissues.