The effects of 'small private online course + flipped classroom' teaching on job competency of nuclear medicine training trainees.

Background: Nuclear medicine is an interdisciplinary field that integrates basic science with clinical medicine. The traditional classroom teaching model lacks interactive and efficient teaching methods and does not adequately address the learning needs and educational goals associated with standardized training for residents. The teaching model that combines Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs) with a flipped classroom approach is more aligned with the demands of real-life scenarios and workplace requirements, thereby assisting students in developing comprehensive literacy and practical problem-solving skills.

Supine bicycle stress echocardiography at low altitude for identification of susceptibility to acute mountain sickness.

Background: Exposure to high altitude may unpredictably lead to acute mountain sickness (AMS). The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of AMS at low altitude by exercise stress echocardiography (ESE).

Methods: A total of 40 healthy adults were enrolled and underwent comprehensive supine bicycle ESE at low altitude, including pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), right ventricular (RV) area index at the end of diastole (RVEDAi), B-lines, and inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter.

Diagnosing myocardial ischemia of obstructive coronary artery disease using dynamic computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging: optimization of relative myocardial blood flow ratio.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic efficacy of different relative myocardial blood flow (MBF) ratios in computed tomography perfusion (CTP) for myocardial ischemia in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Between October 2020 and March 2024, patients with suspected or known obstructive CAD who underwent CTP + coronary computed tomography angiography and invasive coronary angiography/fractional flow reserve were retrospectively selected. Patients and vessels were categorized into ischemia and non-ischemia groups.

Clinical profiles and related factors in tuberculosis patients with positive sputum smear mycobacterium tuberculosis tests.

The aim of this study was to explore the related factors linked to the development and infectivity of tuberculosis. This was achieved by comparing the clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who tested positive in smear Mycobacterium tuberculosis tests with this who tested negative in smear mycobacterium tests but positive in sputum Gene Xpert tests. We gathered clinical data of 1612 recently hospitalized patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis who tested positive either in sputum Gene-Xpert test or sputum smear Mycobacterium tuberculosis tests.

Prediction of epidermal growth factor receptor () mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma patients on computed tomography (CT) images using 3-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network.

Background: Noninvasively detecting epidermal growth factor receptor () mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma patients before targeted therapy remains a challenge. This study aimed to develop a 3-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning model to predict mutation status using computed tomography (CT) images.

Methods: We retrospectively collected 660 patients from 2 large medical centers.

Diagnostic efficacy of absolute and relative myocardial blood flow of stress dynamic CT myocardial perfusion for detecting myocardial ischemia in patients with hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease.

Introduction: Stress dynamic computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) is an accurate quantitative method for diagnosing myocardial ischemia in coronary artery disease (CAD). However, its clinical application has been limited, partly due to the varied cutoff values for absolute myocardial blood flow (MBFa) and the uncertain value of the relative myocardial blood flow ratio (MBF-ratio). This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of and investigate the optimal cutoff values for MBFa and the MBF-ratio in CT-MPI for diagnosing myocardial ischemia in patients with hemodynamically significant CAD.

Photocatalytic Conversion of Methane to Ethanol at a Three-Phase Interface with Concentration-Matched Hydroxyl and Methyl Radicals.

The direct oxidation of CH to CHOH is attractive but challenging owing to the intricate processes involving carbon-chain growth and hydroxylation simultaneously. The inherent difficulty arises from the strong tendency of CH to overoxidize in the commonly used pressurized powder suspension systems rich in reactive oxygen radicals (ROR), which are specifically designed for CH concentration and activation. Meanwhile, the strong tendency of nucleophilic attack of potent ROR on the C-C bond of the resulting product CHOH ultimately leads to a higher selectivity for C1 oxygenates.

Using Multi-phase CT Radiomics Features to Predict EGFR Mutation Status in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to non-invasively predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in patients with lung adenocarcinoma using multi-phase computed tomography (CT) radiomics features.

Materials And Methods: A total of 424 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were recruited from two hospitals who underwent preoperative non-enhanced CT (NE-CT) and enhanced CT (including arterial phase CT [AP-CT], and venous phase CT [VP-CT]). Patients were divided into training (n = 297) and external validation (n = 127) cohorts according to hospital.

Computed Tomography Manifestations in Patients with Rifampin Primary Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in an Infectious Disease Hospital in the Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate clinical features and computed tomography (CT) manifestations of rifampicin primary drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.

Patients And Methods: A total of 100 inpatients with confirmed primary rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis were recruited from January 2020 to December 2022 at an infectious disease hospital located in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Additionally, 100 inpatients with confirmed drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis during the same period were matched to the rifampicin-resistant group based on gender, age, and ethnicity.

Comorbidity and drug resistance of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the yi autonomous prefecture of China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has a high morbidity and mortality rate, and its prevention and treatment focus is on impoverished areas. The Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is a typical impoverished area in western China with insufficient medical resources and high HIV positivity. However, there have been few reports of TB and drug resistance in this area.

Computed tomography findings in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes at an infectious disease hospital in China: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by analysing the clinical features and computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with active pulmonary TB and comorbid T2DM (TB-DM) in the LiangShan Yi regions.

Methods: We collected data from 154 hospitalised patients with TB-DM initially confirmed at an infectious disease hospital in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture between 1 and 2019, and 31 December 2021. These were matched by sex and age ± 3 years to 145 hospitalised patients with initially confirmed pulmonary TB without comorbid T2DM (TB-NDM) over the same period.

The value of dual-energy spectral CT in differentiating solitary pulmonary tuberculosis and solitary lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: To explore the value of dual-energy spectral CT in distinguishing solitary pulmonary tuberculosis (SP-TB) from solitary lung adenocarcinoma (S-LUAD).

Methods: A total of 246 patients confirmed SP-TB (n = 86) or S-LUAD (n = 160) were retrospectively included. Spectral CT parameters include CT value, CT value, iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), effective atomic number (Zeff), and spectral curve slope (λ).

Machine-learning classifiers based on non-enhanced computed tomography radiomics to differentiate anterior mediastinal cysts from thymomas and low-risk from high-risk thymomas: A multi-center study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of machine-learning (ML) models with multiple classifiers based on non-enhanced CT Radiomics features for differentiating anterior mediastinal cysts (AMCs) from thymomas, and high-risk from low risk thymomas.

Methods: In total, 201 patients with AMCs and thymomas from three centers were included and divided into two groups: AMCs thymomas, and high-risk vs low-risk thymomas. A radiomics model (RM) was built with 73 radiomics features that were extracted from the three-dimensional images of each patient.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Accuracy of Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/ Computerized Tomography for Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infections.

Objective: Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (FDG PET/CT) has become popular for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). However, the diagnostic accuracy for this technique has varied from report to report. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of FDG PET/CT for PJI diagnosis.

Pillar[5]arene-Integrated Three-Dimensional Framework Polymers for Macrocycle-Induced Size-Selective Catalysis.

Size-selective catalysis is of key importance in the conversion of crude oil or biomass. Here, we fabricate three pillar[5]arene-integrated porous organic polymers with three-dimensional (3D) network structures using 3D cross-linkers. The resulting polymers possess a high surface-to-mass ratio and exhibit exceptional size-selective catalysis in Knoevenagel condensation reactions.

Step-Growth Cyclo-Oligomerization for the Preparation of Functionalized Pillar[6]arenes with Alternating Methylene Bridge Substitutions.

Methylene-bridge-substituted pillar[6]arenes (PA[6]) are synthesized by step-growth cyclo-oligomerization. Dimers, trimers, tetramers, and hexamers with substituted methylene bridges are synthesized. Hexamers are converted to PA[6] derivatives with alternating methylene bridge substitutions by ring-closing reactions.

Machine-Learning Classifiers in Discrimination of Lesions Located in the Anterior Skull Base.

The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of machine-learning models with radiomic features and clinical features in preoperative differentiation of common lesions located in the anterior skull base. A total of 235 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma, meningioma, craniopharyngioma, or Rathke cleft cyst were enrolled in the current study. The discrimination was divided into three groups: pituitary adenoma vs.

Acetal-Functionalized Pillar[5]arene: A pH-Responsive and Versatile Nanomaterial for the Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents.

Acetal-functionalized pillar[5]arene () was prepared as a pH-responsive biomaterial. This biomaterial could be fabricated into nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution by an emulsion protocol. PA[5]-based nanoparticles were used to deliver anti-tumor drugs (paclitaxel and doxorubicin) .

Hippocampus and cognitive domain deficits in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A comparison with matched treatment-responsive patients and healthy controls.

Some patients with schizophrenia do not respond to pharmacotherapy. More severe cognitive dysfunctions have been associated with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). This study examines cognitive functions and hippocampal volumes in 43 patients with TRS and compared them to 43 treatment-responsive patients (NTRS), matched on age, sex and education, as well as 53 healthy controls (HC).

Pro-guest and acyclic cucurbit[n]uril conjugated polymers for the controlled release of anti-tumor drugs.

We report "pro-guest" and acyclic cucurbit[n]uril conjugated polymers as supramolecular drug delivery systems (DDSs). These supramolecular DDSs could encapsulate anti-tumor drugs. Under acidic conditions, an acid-labile "pro-guest" degraded to become a "competing guest", which displaced and released the encapsulated drug at a tunable rate.

Efficacy and safety of a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor octohydroaminoacridine in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: a Phase II multicenter randomised controlled trial.

Background: inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been a effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Octohydroaminoacridine, a new AChE inhibitor, is a potential treatment for AD.

Method: we conducted a multicenter, randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group Phase II clinical trial to investigate the effects of octohydroaminoacridine in patients with mild-to-moderate AD.

Rivastigmine Patch in Chinese Patients with Probable Alzheimer's disease: A 24-week, Randomized, Double-Blind Parallel-Group Study Comparing Rivastigmine Patch (9.5 mg/24 h) with Capsule (6 mg Twice Daily).

Aims: To compare the once-daily rivastigmine patch 9.5 mg/24 h (10 cm(2) ) versus twice-daily capsule (12 mg/day) in Chinese patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) (mini-mental state examination [MMSE] scores of 10-20).

Methods: The primary objective was to demonstrate the noninferiority of patch to capsule in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) change from baseline to 24 week.

[CT findings on renal damage in patients with liver cirrhosis].

Objective: To use CT to identify renal damage in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: Sixty patients with liver cirrhosis confirmed by clinical, laboratory and imaging examinations and 20 patients without liver and kidney diseases (control group) were recruited in this study. The participants underwent double-stage enhanced scanning.