Learnings from Implementation Strategies to Improve Lipid Management.

Purpose Of Review: Lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol reduces cardiovascular risk. International lipid management guidelines recommend LDL-cholesterol goals or thresholds for initiating lipid-lowering therapy. However, contemporary real-world studies have shown that many high- and very high-risk patients are not attaining LDL-cholesterol goals and are not receiving intensive lipid-lowering therapies.

Biomimetic Strategies of Slip Sensing, Perception, and Protection in Prosthetic Hand Grasp.

This study develops biomimetic strategies for slip prevention in prosthetic hand grasps. The biomimetic system is driven by a novel slip sensor, followed by slip perception and preventive control. Here, we show that biologically inspired sensorimotor pathways can be restored between the prosthetic hand and users.

Unravelling the cardio-renal-metabolic-foot connection in people with diabetes-related foot ulceration: a narrative review.

Diabetes-related foot ulceration (DFU), a serious but preventable complication of diabetes, is a leading cause of hospitalisation, lower extremity amputation and disability worldwide. People with DFU have a greater burden of cardiovascular risk factors, heart failure and chronic kidney disease, resulting in over two-fold higher risk of cardiovascular death compared with people with diabetes without DFU. Here, we propose a "cardio-renal-metabolic-foot" connection in people with diabetes based on shared pathophysiological mechanisms linking DFU with cardiovascular and renal disease.

Levofloxacin for the Prevention of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Vietnam.

Background: Prevention of drug-resistant tuberculosis is a global health priority. However, trials evaluating the effectiveness of treating infection among contacts of persons with drug-resistant tuberculosis are lacking.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial comparing 6 months of daily levofloxacin (weight-based doses) with placebo to treat infection.

Three Novel Pathogenic Variants in Unrelated Vietnamese Patients with Cardiomyopathy.

: Cardiomyopathy, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is a major cause of heart failure (HF) and a leading indication for heart transplantation. Of these patients, 20-50% have a genetic cause, so understanding the genetic basis of cardiomyopathy will provide knowledge about the pathogenesis of the disease for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and genetic counseling for families. : This study collected nine patients from different Vietnamese families for genetic analysis at The Cardiovascular Center, E Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Comparison of cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: an Australian viewpoint.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant burden in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Yet the optimal method of CVD risk stratification remains uncertain. We found that the new Australian CVD risk calculator could overestimate risk category compared with the Steno Type 1 Risk Engine and underestimate risk category compared with the new Swedish/Scottish prediction tool, both of which were validated for T1DM.

Characterising high-risk plaque on cardiac CT.

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a well-established and reliable non-invasive imaging modality that provides a comprehensive assessment of coronary artery anatomy and luminal stenosis due to atherosclerosis. Owing to advances in CCTA software and technology, the composition and morphology of coronary plaque can be accurately evaluated. Adverse features which identify plaque as being high-risk or 'vulnerable' can provide a personalised cardiovascular risk assessment over and above stenosis severity.

Stability and magnetic properties of transition metal (V, Cr, Mn, and Fe) doped cobalt oxide clusters: a density functional theory investigation.

Co TMO ( = 6-8), (TM = V, Cr, Mn, and Fe) clusters are investigated using density functional theory calculations. The transition metal atoms preferentially replace one Co atom at sites where the number of metal-oxygen bonds is maximized, forming more stable structures. The evaporation of a Co atom is the most fragile dissociation channel for both pure and doped species.

Effective Antitumor Synergistic Treatment with Fiber-Photothermal Therapy and Heat Shock Protein Inhibitors.

Effective treatment of malignant tumors remains a thorny issue in current medicine. As a new type of anticancer strategy, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted tremendous attention due to its favorable therapeutic effectiveness, high spatial-temporal controllability, and low occurrence of side effects. However, the efficacy of PTT is significantly reduced due to the limited penetration of light and heat-induced overexpression of heat shock protein (Hsp).

Cell-Shearing Chemistry Directed Closed-Pore Regeneration in Biomass-Derived Hard Carbons for Ultrafast Sodium Storage.

The closed-pore structure of hard carbons holds the key to high plateau capacity and rapid diffusion kinetics when applied as sodium-ion battery (SIB) anodes. However, understanding and establishing the structure-electrochemistry relationship still remains a significant challenge. This work, for the first time, introduces an innovative deep eutectic solvent (DES) cell-shearing strategy to precisely tailor the cell structure of natural bamboo and consequently the closed-pore in its derived hard carbons.

The effect of central and peripheral luminance on visual acuity.

Context: Lighting conditions significantly influence visual acuity (VA), visual function, and quality of life. Previous research highlighted a correlation between luminance and VA but left a gap in understanding the impact of surrounding luminance. This study focused on investigating the effects of both central and peripheral luminance on VA.

MECOM Locus classical transcript isoforms affect tumor immune microenvironment and different targets in ovarian cancer.

The MECOM locus is a gene frequently amplified in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). Nevertheless, the body of research examining the associations among MECOM transcripts, patient prognosis, and their role in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remains sparse, particularly in large cohorts. This study assessed the expression of MECOM transcripts in 352 HGSOC patients and 88 normal ovarian tissues from the combined GTEx/TCGA database.

Beyond Clinical Factors: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence and Multimodal Cardiac Imaging to Predict Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Post-Catheter Ablation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia, with catheter ablation being a key alternative to medical treatment for restoring normal sinus rhythm. Despite advances in understanding AF pathogenesis, approximately 35% of patients experience AF recurrence at 12 months after catheter ablation. Therefore, accurate prediction of AF recurrence occurring after catheter ablation is important for patient selection and management.

Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical isolates from a longitudinal study.

Antibiotic tolerance in reduces bacterial killing, worsens treatment outcomes, and contributes to resistance. We studied rifampicin tolerance in isolates with or without isoniazid resistance (IR). Using a minimum duration of killing assay, we measured rifampicin survival in isoniazid-susceptible (IS, n=119) and resistant (IR, n=84) isolates, correlating tolerance with bacterial growth, rifampicin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and isoniazid-resistant mutations.

Clinical outcomes and coronary artery lesion characteristics of young patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction and no standard modifiable risk factors.

Background: Among ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, those with no standard modifiable risk factors (SMuRFs: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) have higher 30-day mortality than those with SMuRFs. Differences in coronary lesion characteristics remain unclear.

Methods: Data from STEMI patients aged ≤60 years from the Asia Pacific Evaluation of Cardiovascular Therapies Network (Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam) was retrospectively analysed.

Fiber-optic drug delivery strategy for synergistic cancer photothermal-chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy is one of the conventional treatments for cancer in clinical practice. However, poor delivery efficiency, systemic toxicity, and the lack of pharmacokinetic monitoring during treatment are the critical limitations of current chemotherapy. Herein, we reported a brand-new antitumor drug delivery strategy that harnesses an optical fiber endoscopically therapeutic probe.

Efficacy and Safety of Risankizumab in the Treatment of Crohn's Disease of the Pouch.

Risankizumab has shown efficacy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD). The use of risankizumab in the treatment of CD of the pouch has not been previously reported. Here, we have 10 patients with biologics exposed CD of the pouch treated with risankizumab.

External validation of a novel nomogram for diagnosis of Protein Energy Wasting in adult hemodialysis patients.

Background: Protein Energy Wasting (PEW) has high incidence in adult hemodialysis patients and refers to a state of decreased protein and energy substance. It has been demonstrated that PEW highly affects the quality of survival and increases the risk of death. Nevertheless, its diagnostic criteria are complex in clinic.

Correction: The effect of M. tuberculosis lineage on clinical phenotype.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.

Predictive Role of Elevated Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio for Bone Metastasis in Esophageal Cancer.

Purpose: Research on bone metastasis in esophageal cancer (EC) is relatively limited. Once bone metastasis occurs in patients, their prognosis is poor, and it severely affects their quality of life. Currently, there is a lack of convenient tumor markers for early identification of bone metastasis in EC.

Closed-Loop Force Control by Biorealistic Hand Prosthesis With Visual and Tactile Sensory Feedback.

The ability of a novel biorealistic hand prosthesis for grasp force control reveals improved neural compatibility between the human-prosthetic interaction. The primary purpose here was to validate a virtual training platform for amputee subjects and evaluate the respective roles of visual and tactile information in fundamental force control tasks. We developed a digital twin of tendon-driven prosthetic hand in the MuJoCo environment.