STABLE trial of spectacle provision and driving safety among myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam: study protocol for a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised trial.

Background: Traffic crashes are the leading cause of death globally for people aged 5-29 years, with 90% of mortality occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The STABLE (Slashing Two-wheeled Accidents by Leveraging Eyecare) trial was designed to determine whether providing spectacles could reduce risk among young myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam.

Methods: This investigator-masked, stepped-wedge, cluster randomised naturalistic driving trial will recruit 625 students aged 18-23 years, driving ≥ 50 km/week, with ≥ 1-year driving experience and using motorcycles as their primary means of transport, in 25 clusters of 25 students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

A dental intraoral image dataset of gingivitis for image captioning.

One of the most striking topics in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Image captioning that aims to integrate computer vision and natural language processing to create descriptions for each image. In this paper, we propose a new dataset designed specifically for image captioning in gingivitis diagnosis using deep learning. It includes 1,096 high-resolution intraoral images of 12 anterior teeth and surrounding gingival tissue that were collected under controlled conditions with professional-grade photography equipment.

Spatial Analysis of Drug-Susceptible and Multidrug-Resistant Cases of Tuberculosis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2020-2023.

We characterized the spatial distribution of drug-susceptible (DS) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) cases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, a major metropolis in southeastern Asia, and explored demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with local TB burden. Hot spots of DS and MDR TB incidence were observed in the central parts of Ho Chi Minh City, and substantial heterogeneity was observed across wards. Positive spatial autocorrelation was observed for both DS TB and MDR TB.

Determination of drug-related problems among type 2 diabetes outpatients in a hospital in Vietnam: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in clinical practice and occur at all stages of the medication process. The major factor contributing to DRPs is prescription, although patients' poor adherence to treatment is also a significant factor. This study evaluated type 2 diabetes outpatients in a hospital in Vietnam for drug-related problems (DRPs) and related variables.

Geographic disparities and determinants of COVID-19 incidence risk in the greater St. Louis Area, Missouri (United States).

Background: Evidence seems to suggest that the risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) might vary across communities due to differences in population characteristics and movement patterns. However, little is known about these differences in the greater St Louis Area of Missouri and yet this information is useful for targeting control efforts. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate (a) geographic disparities of COVID-19 risk and (b) associations between COVID-19 risk and socioeconomic, demographic, movement and chronic disease factors in the Greater St.

Geographic disparities and predictors of COVID-19 hospitalization risks in the St. Louis Area, Missouri (USA).

Background: There is evidence of geographic disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization risks that, if identified, could guide control efforts. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate Zip Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA)-level geographic disparities and identify predictors of COVID-19 hospitalization risks in the St. Louis area.

Disrupted and Restored Patient Experience With Transition to New Electronic Health Record System.

Transitioning from one electronic health record (EHR) system to another is of the most disruptive events in health care and research about its impact on patient experience for inpatient is limited. This study aimed to assess the impact of transitioning EHR on patient experience measured by the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems composites and global items. An interrupted time series study was conducted to evaluate quarter-specific changes in patient experience following implementation of a new EHR at a Midwest health care system during 2017 to 2018.

Pregnancy Outcomes after Preeclampsia: The Effects of Interpregnancy Weight Change.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of interpregnancy weight change on pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent preeclampsia, preterm birth, small-for-gestational age (SGA), large-for-gestational age (LGA), and cesarean delivery, among women with a history of preeclampsia. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) category in the first pregnancy (BMI < 25 vs. ≥25 kg/m) and if associations were present among women who maintained a healthy BMI category in both pregnancies.

Racial disparities in U.S. maternal influenza vaccine uptake: Results from analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data, 2012-2015.

Background: Pregnant women are at increased risk of hospitalization, serious complications, poor pregnancy outcomes, and mortality from influenza. Prior research suggests that there are racial/ethnic disparities in vaccination coverage and that a healthcare provider vaccination recommendation is associated with significantly higher vaccine uptake than without such a recommendation. The purpose of this study is to examine racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare providers' recommendations for pregnant women to receive the influenza vaccine and in vaccine uptake.

Effect of interpregnancy interval after a first pregnancy complicated by placental abruption, on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in a second pregnancy.

For women who suffer from abruption in the first pregnancy, the extent to which birth spacing has an impact on maternal and fetal outcomes in a second pregnancy remains unclear. To examine the effect of interpregnancy interval (IPI) after a first pregnancy complicated by placental abruption, on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in a subsequent pregnancy. This was a population-based retrospective cohort study using maternally-linked Missouri birth registry from 1989 to 2005 ( = 2069).

A Cluster of Cefepime-induced Neutropenia During Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy.

A cluster of cefepime-induced neutropenia (CIN) was identified from June 2017 to May 2018 in a regional outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy population. Our data suggest prolonged courses of cefepime (≥2 weeks), administered by rapid intravenous push, were associated with a higher risk of CIN.