EZH2/miR-142-3p/HMGB1 axis mediates chondrocyte pyroptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is still challenging to prevent or treat. Enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and increased pyroptosis in chondrocytes may be responsible for cartilage degeneration. This study aims to investigate the effect of ER stress on chondrocyte pyroptosis and the upstream regulatory mechanisms, which have rarely been reported.

A review on functional lung avoidance radiotherapy plan for lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in China. Its incidence and mortality rate increase year by year. In the synthesis treatment of lung cancer, radiotherapy (RT) plays a vital role, and radiation-induced lung injury(RILI) has become the major limiting factor in prescription dose escalation.

An accurate IDMS-based method for absolute quantification of phytohemagglutinin, a major antinutritional component in common bean.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), a natural tetramer comprising PHA-E and PHA-L subunits that preferentially bind to red and white blood cells, respectively, constitutes a significant antinutritional and allergenic factor in common bean seeds. The accurate measurement of PHA content is a prerequisite for ensuring food safety inspections and facilitating genetic improvements in common bean cultivars with reduced PHA levels. Currently, mainstream methods for PHA quantification involve hemagglutination assays and immunodetection, but these methods often require fresh animal blood and lack specificity and accuracy.

A literature review of artificial intelligence (AI) for medical image segmentation: from AI and explainable AI to trustworthy AI.

Background And Objective: Medical image segmentation is a vital aspect of medical image processing, allowing healthcare professionals to conduct precise and comprehensive lesion analyses. Traditional segmentation methods are often labor intensive and influenced by the subjectivity of individual physicians. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed this field by reducing the workload of physicians, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of disease diagnosis.

Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with quantitative analysis in Bosniak ≥ II cystic renal masses.

Objective: The 2019 Bosniak classification has improved the precise and detailed quantitative evaluation criteria, making the diagnosis of cystic renal masses (CRMs) more accurate and objective. This study addresses the clinical value of quantitative analysis and aims to investigate the feasibility of combining contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with quantitative analysis for diagnosing Bosniak ≥ II CRMs.

Methods: We retrospectively obtained 58 CRMs with confirmed pathology, which underwent CEUS and Contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT) evaluations according to Bosniak classification between January 2013 and August 2024.

Paeoniflorin ameliorates reperfusion injury in H9C2 cells through SIRT1-PINK1/parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) injury is a serious health problem, which can seriously affect the recovery of patients with myocardial infarction and even lead to death. Paeoniflorin (PF) is a potential therapeutic drug to prevent reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism of PF in MIRI is not clear.

Construction and validation of an immune gene-based model for diagnosis and risk prediction of severe asthma.

Objective: Severe asthma (SA) is a serious disease with limited treatment options, which is closely linked to immune dysfunction. Therefore, immune-associated biomarkers may diagnose SA and offer therapeutic targets for SA.

Methods: The gene expression profiles of SA patients and matched controls were from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database.

Astragaloside IV alleviates inflammation and improves myocardial metabolism in heart failure mice with preserved ejection fraction.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has grown to become the dominant form of heart failure worldwide. However, no unequivocally effective treatment for HFpEF has been identified in clinical trials. In this study, we report that Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) can be used to treat HFpEF.

Inverse design of compact nonvolatile reconfigurable silicon photonic devices with phase-change materials.

In the development of silicon photonics, the continued downsizing of photonic integrated circuits will further increase the integration density, which augments the functionality of photonic chips. Compared with the traditional design method, inverse design presents a novel approach for achieving compact photonic devices. However, achieving compact, reconfigurable photonic devices with the inverse design that employs the traditional modulation method exemplified by the thermo-optic effect poses a significant challenge due to the weak modulation capability.

Phase Engineering of Giant Second Harmonic Generation in BiOSe.

2D materials with remarkable second-harmonic generation (SHG) hold promise for future on-chip nonlinear optics. Relevant materials with both giant SHG response and environmental stability are long-sought targets. Here, the enormous SHG from the phase engineering of a high-performance semiconductor, BiOSe (BOS), under uniaxial strain, is demonstrated.

Ultra-small cesium silver bismuth bromide quantum dots fabricated by modified hot-injection method for highly efficient degradation of contaminants in organic solvent.

Lead-free halide perovskite material has drawn fast-growing interest due to its superior solar-conversion efficiency and nontoxic nature. In this work, we have successfully fabricated cesium silver bismuth bromide (CsAgBiBr) quantum dots utilizing the hot injection method. The as-synthesized quantum dots were characterized by combined techniques, which showed remarkable visible-light photocatalytic activity for organic dyes and antibiotic degradation in ethanol.

Dysregulated RBM24 phosphorylation impairs APOE translation underlying psychological stress-induced cardiovascular disease.

Psychological stress contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sudden cardiac death, yet its molecular basis remains obscure. RNA binding protein RBM24 plays a critical role in cardiac development, rhythm regulation, and cellular stress. Here, we show that psychological stress activates RBM24 S181 phosphorylation through eIF4E2-GSK3β signaling, which causally links psychological stress to CVD by promoting APOE translation (apolipoprotein E).

A longitudinal study on the effects of oxygenation on sleep in Tibetan plateau residents.

Objective: The decline in sleep quality induced by hypoxia is the main environmental exposure risk affecting the physiological health of high-altitude residents. The long-term effects of oxygen therapy on the sleep quality and health of highlanders remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of chronic oxygen therapy on sleep and health, providing a scientific basis for the establishment of regional centralized oxygen supply and the implementation of health regulations to improve sleep quality and health in plateau areas.

Myoferlin alleviates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.

Myoferlin (MYOF) is a muscle-derived secretory protein. Recent studies have found that MYOF protects against cell damage. However, the role of MYOF in cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear.

Causal effect of breast cancer on endometrial cancer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have indicated a higher incidence of endometrial cancer in individuals with breast cancer. However, to date, there is a dearth of Mendelian randomization (MR) studies that explore the causal relationship between breast cancer and the risk of endometrial cancer.

Material And Methods: We conducted MR to investigate the causal relationship between breast cancer and endometrial cancer risk in European populations.

Coagulopathy and acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology and clinical treatment.

Coagulopathy is a critical pathophysiological mechanism of acute pancreatitis (AP), arising from the complex interplay between innate immune, endothelial cells and platelets. Although initially beneficial for the host, uncontrolled and systemic activation of coagulation cascade in AP can lead to thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, ranging from subclinical abnormalities in coagulation tests to severe clinical manifestations, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation. Initiation of coagulation activation and consequent thrombin generation is caused by expression of tissue factor on activated monocytes and is ineffectually offset by tissue factor pathway inhibitor.

Engineering Robust Silver-Decorated calcium peroxide Nano-Antibacterial Platforms for chemodynamic enhanced sterilization.

Calcium peroxide (CaO) is commonly used as a hydrogen peroxide (HO) donor to eliminate bacterial infections. However, the rapid dissociation of CaO and the explosive release of HO have limited the development of CaO in the antibacterial field. Therefore, a series of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) functionalized bacteria-triggered smart hydrogels (CSA-H) that integrate sustained release of nanoparticles and localized chemodynamic sterilization were constructed.

Analysis of influencing factors of clinical pregnancy rate in second cycle intrauterine insemination.

To explore the factors influencing the clinical pregnancy rate in the Reproductive Center of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College in the second cycle, a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 175 patients who underwent the second cycle of intrauterine insemination (175 cycles) from July 2019 to July 2022 was performed. According to whether the patients reached clinical pregnancy, they were divided into the pregnant group (32 cycles) and non-pregnant group (143 cycles). The age, infertility years, infertility factors, infertility type, number of sinus follicles, intimal thickness, intimal type, basal follicle-stimulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, basal estradiol, stimulation regimen, season, body mass index, and male semen quality were statistically analyzed between the 2 groups.

The prevalence and risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety among older survivors post-earthquake: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The occurrence of PTSD, depression, and anxiety is notably high among older adults following an earthquake. This research aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of mental health conditions among older survivors after an earthquake.

Methods: The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA process.

Chondrocyte autophagy mechanism and therapeutic prospects in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, with its pathogenesis closely related to chondrocyte autophagy. Chondrocytes are the only cells in articular cartilage, and the function of chondrocytes plays a vital role in maintaining articular cartilage homeostasis. Autophagy, an intracellular degradation system that regulates energy metabolism in cells, plays an incredibly important role in OA.