Femtosecond laser synthesis of metastable PtRu/graphene electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic and alkaline solutions.

Facile synthesis of nanoalloys with atomic dispersity is an effective means to engineer highly efficient electrocatalysts by maximizing the exposure of catalytically active sites. However, such effort faces challenges in practice. One key issue is the thermodynamic-driven phase separation because of differences in redox potentials across different elements.

Gap-free genome assemblies of two Pyrus bretschneideri cultivars and GWAS analyses identify a CCCH zinc finger protein as a key regulator of stone cell formation in pear fruit.

The Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) is an economically significant fruit crop worldwide. Previous versions of the P. bretschneideri genome assembly contain numerous gaps and unanchored genetic regions.

c-Kit cells that intercalate with crypt Lgr5 cells are distinctively multipotent in colonic epithelium renewal and repair.

The colonic crypts are principally composed by Lgr5 stem cells and deep crypt secretory (DCS) cells. c-Kit-expressing cells mark DCS cells and supply Wnt3, EGF, and Notch signals to support their neighboring crypt bottom-intermingled Lgr5 cells. However, the role of c-Kit cells beyond supporting Lgr5 cells in colonic epithelium remains unexplored.

Discharge Disposition in Veterans with Heart Failure: Impact of Dementia and Severe Mental Illness.

Objectives: Post-acute heart failure (HF) care presents significant management challenges, particularly among veterans with cognitive and behavioral impairments due to Alzheimer disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) or severe mental illness (SMI). We hypothesized that comorbid AD/ADRD and SMI would reduce the likelihood of discharge home following HF hospitalization. In addition, we explored how AD/ADRD and SMI influence discharge to Veterans Affairs (VA) Community Living Centers (CLCs) compared with Medicare Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs).

SPIRIT-CONSORT-TM: a corpus for assessing transparency of clinical trial protocol and results publications.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can produce valid estimates of the benefits and harms of therapeutic interventions. However, incomplete reporting can undermine the validity of their conclusions. Reporting guidelines, such as SPIRIT for protocols and CONSORT for results, have been developed to improve transparency in RCT publications.

Annexin A's Life in Pan-Cancer: Especially in Glioma Immune Cells.

The Annexin A (ANXA) family plays a critical role in cancer, with particular emphasis on their prognostic significance in pan-cancer analyses and gliomas. By integrating multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and single-cell sequencing analysis, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of ANXA2 and ANXA4 to investigate their expression patterns and functional impacts across various cancers, with a focus on glioblastoma (GBM). Our analysis encompassed several key components, including literature review, identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cancer, survival analysis, co-expression studies, competing endogenous RNA networks, cellular functional analysis, tumor microenvironment response to chemotherapy, and tumor stemness.

Geochemical characteristics and environmental implications of heavy metals and fluoride of the hot spring waters in China's Tengchong Geothermal Field.

Tengchong County, Southwestern China, is a renowned volcanic region with abundant geothermal resources. This study systematically investigates the geochemical characteristics of hydrothermal waters in Tengchong, utilizing major and trace elements as well as hydrogen and oxygen isotopes. The primary objectives are to identify the potential sources of the hydrothermal waters and provide a detailed assessment of heavy metal pollution, with a particular focus on fluoride.

Bibliometric analysis of rhein in the treatment of tumors.

Background: Rhein is an anthraquinone compound with a variety of biological activities. It has inhibitory effects on liver cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, oral cancer, gastric cancer, and other cancers. However, a comprehensive bibliometric review of this field has not yet been published.

Deformation-tolerant, wireless-charging microbatteries for seamlessly integrated omnidirectional stretchable electronics.

Wireless-charging in-plane microbatteries (MBs) with conformal shape and high-capacity hold substantial promise in advancing the practical applications of complexly configured electronic devices. However, integrating these MBs seamlessly with flexible electronic system remains a challenge as it requires a rational structure design and reasonable materials engineering for the micropower system, ensuring both high compatibility and robust mechanical stability. Here, we present stretchable and wireless-charging dual-plating MBs that integrate seamlessly into circuits through an omnidirectional stretch-contraction strategy coupled with mask-assisted printing.

Glutathiones' life in multi-cancers: especially their potential micropetides in liver hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Glutathione plays critical roles in detoxifying xenobiotics, cell signaling, cell death and the antioxidant defence in an emerging body of evidence, the most abundant intracellular low molecular weight thiol in tissues. However, all glutathione metabolism pertinent genes (GMPGs) expression and their diagnostic/prognostic/micropeptide potential analyses have not been investigated to perform in pan-cancers.

Methods: We gained GMPGs from the MsigDB 7.

Sodium alginate alleviated isoniazid-induced liver injury by modulating fecal metabolites and gut microbiota.

Previous studies found that sodium alginate (SA) was protective against several liver diseases. However, the effect of SA on drug-induced liver injury is not clear. This study investigated the effect and mechanism of SA on isoniazid (INH)-induced liver injury in mice.

Ultrasound-assisted metabolite detection in different extraction processes of Bletilla striata and bitter metabolite detection.

Bletilla striata, a medicinal orchidaceous plant, is recognized for its significant pharmacological value. However, the lack of comparative metabolomic data across different extraction methods for analyzing its bioactive components has significantly undervalued the application potential of B. striata in the traditional Chinese medicine market.

PFDN6 contributes to colorectal cancer progression via transcriptional regulation.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide. Although there are several treatments for cancer, the therapeutic effect on CRC remains unsatisfactory, and it is imperative to identify new therapeutic targets.

Design: Prefoldin (PFDN) is mainly used in the cytoskeleton assembly during the folding of actin and tubulin monomers.

Cocatalysis of catalytic hairpin assembly and ternary heterojunction BiS@MoS@BiMoO promotes ultra-sensitive electrochemical of detection MiRNA-21.

Ternary heterojunction BiS/MoS/BiMoO was designed as a signal probe to develop a dual signal amplification strategy empowered electrochemical biosensor for sensitive miRNA-21 detection by combining with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA). The combination of the BiS/MoS/BiMoO heterojunction as a tracer indication probe and the CHA amplification strategy not only took fully use of the highly dense nanowire interwoven structure and superior active region of the probe, but also endowed the ability to improve the molecular hybridization efficiency by collision, which significantly avoided the cumbersome chain design and greatly simplified the step-by-step construction of the electrode surface. Hairpin H1 was first added dropwise to the gold nanoparticle-decorated electrode surface, and then opened by the introduced miRNA-21 to initiate the specific hybridization.

Chloroplast state transitions modulate nuclear genome stability via cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis.

Activities of the chloroplasts and nucleus are coordinated by retrograde signaling, which play crucial roles in plant development and environmental adaptation. However, the connection between chloroplast status and nuclear genome stability is poorly understood. Chloroplast state transitions enable the plant to balance photosystem absorption capacity in an environment with changing light quality.

Selective processing of CFRP by two-color double-pulse femtosecond laser.

This paper employed a two-color double-pulse femtosecond laser (TDFL) technology for surface processing of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). By exploring the changes in ablation thresholds for resin and carbon fiber under varying wavelengths and pulse numbers, optimal wavelength combinations were identified. Adjustments to processing parameters and pulse delay enabled precise removal of the CFRP surface, targeting resin while causing no damage to the underlying carbon fibers.

SPIRIT-CONSORT-TM: a corpus for assessing transparency of clinical trial protocol and results publications.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can produce valid estimates of the benefits and harms of therapeutic interventions. However, incomplete reporting can undermine the validity of their conclusions. Reporting guidelines, such as SPIRIT for protocols and CONSORT for results, have been developed to improve transparency in RCT publications.

Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Properties of a Hybrid Hollow Cylindrical Tetramer Array.

In recent years, metal surface plasmon resonance sensors and dielectric guided-mode resonance sensors have attracted the attention of researchers. Metal sensors are sensitive to environmental disturbances but have high optical losses, while dielectric sensors have low losses but limited sensitivity. To overcome these limitations, hybrid resonance sensors that combine the advantages of metal and dielectric were proposed to achieve a high sensitivity and a high factor at the same time.

UDA-seq: universal droplet microfluidics-based combinatorial indexing for massive-scale multimodal single-cell sequencing.

The use of single-cell combinatorial indexing sequencing via droplet microfluidics presents an attractive approach for balancing cost, scalability, robustness and accessibility. However, existing methods often require tailored protocols for individual modalities, limiting their automation potential and clinical applicability. To address this, we introduce UDA-seq, a universal workflow that integrates a post-indexing step to enhance throughput and systematically adapt existing droplet-based single-cell multimodal methods.

Development and Implementation of Automated Referral Triaging System for Spinal Cord Stimulation Procedure in Pain Medicine.

Effective referral triaging enhances patient service outcomes, experience and access to care especially for specialized procedures. This study presents the development and implementation of an automated triaging system to predict patients who would benefit from Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) procedure for their pain management. The proposed triage system aims to improve the triage process by reducing unnecessary appointments before SCS assessment, ensuring appropriate pain management care.

Protective effect of puerarin in diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.

Background: Puerarin is a crucial constituent separated from the Chinese herbaceous plant, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, which exhibits multiple biological activities. Previous studies have indicated that puerarin has a function to alleviate renal damage in animal models of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

3D Femtosecond Laser Beam Deflection for High-Precision Fabrication and Modulation of Individual Voxelated PCM Meta-Atoms.

Optical metasurfaces have found widespread applications in the field of optoelectronic devices. However, achieving dynamic and flexible control over metasurface functionalities, while also developing simplified fabrication methods for metasurfaces, continues to pose a significant challenge. Here, the study introduces a PCM-only metasurface that exclusively consists of voxel units crafted from different phases of phase-change materials.

Forming Control and Wear Behavior of M2 High-Speed Steel Produced by Direct Energy Deposition on Curved Surface.

Direct energy deposition (DED) technology shows promising applications in the production of roller die cutters. The optimization of process parameters, scanning strategies, and analyses of compressive properties and wear behavior are required prior to application. Therefore, this work investigated the influence of scanning strategy and overlap ratio on the microstructure, microhardness, compressive properties, and wear resistance of M2 high-speed steel (HSS) with DED on a 316 L cylindrical surface.

The association between frailty and falls among individuals aged 60 years and older residing in community settings and experiencing hip fractures in China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Previous studies have established a correlation between frailty and an increased risk of falls among middle-aged and elderly individuals within community settings. The frailty status of hospitalized and community-dwelling adults aged 60 or older with hip fractures is poorly investigated. This study aims to examine the relationship between frailty status and falls in China among community-dwelling and hospitalized individuals with hip fractures aged 60 and older.