Engineering soft-hard tissue interfaces in dental and craniofacial system by spatially controlled bioactivities.

The interface between soft and hard tissues is constituted by a gradient change of cell types and matrix compositions that are optimally designed for proper load transmission and injury protection. In the musculoskeletal system, the soft-hard tissue interfaces at tendon-bone, ligament-bone, and meniscus-bone have been extensively researched as regenerative targets. Similarly, extensive research efforts have been made to guide the regeneration of multi-tissue complexes in periodontium.

Real-time control of urban drainage systems using neuro-evolution.

With climate change and urbanization, existing urban drainage systems are being stressed beyond their design capacity in many parts of the world. Real-time control (RTC) can improve the performance of these systems and reduce the need for system upgrades. However, developing optimal control policies for RTC is a challenging research area due to computational demands, high uncertainties and system dynamics.

Oleanane-Type Triterpene Glycosides from Camellia phanii and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity.

Three new oleanane-type triterpene saponins, named camphanosides A-C (1-3), along with five known compounds, chikusetsusaponin IVa (4), spinasaponin A 28-O-glucoside (5), (-)-epicatechin (6), (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate (7), and (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (8) were isolated from the leaves Camellia phanii Hakoda & Ninh. Their structures were established by 1D and 2D-NMR and mass spectral analysis and chemical methods. Moreover, compounds 1-5 were also evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults: Consistent and robust evidence from an umbrella review.

Background & Aims: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are potential modifiable risk factors for reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, there is a lack of an umbrella review that robustly synthesizes the evidence. This review aims to synthesize the evidence linking habitual SSBs intake with MetS in adults, emphasizing the need for policy and regulatory actions.

Methods: Four databases were comprehensively searched for relevant meta-analyses of prospective studies up to July 2023.

Polypyrrole-based nanocomposites doped with both salicylate/molybdate and graphene oxide for enhanced corrosion resistance on low-carbon steel.

In this work, polypyrrole-based nanocomposites doped with graphene oxide, molybdate, and salicylate (PPy/GO/Mo/Sal) were synthesized via electrochemical polymerization to enhance the anti-corrosion protection performance of polymer coatings. The morphology and structures of the coatings were characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD. The protection abilities of coatings against corrosion were investigated in 0.

Modulation of the bacterial virulence and resistance by well-known European medicinal herbs.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Salvia officinalis L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L.

Achyranbidens A-C: three new compounds from Blume.

Phytochemical study on the roots of Blume led to the isolation of sixteen compounds including three new ones (). Their chemical structures were determined as oleanolic acid 28---D-glucopyranoside-3--[-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-galactopyranoside) (), methyl (8,11)-5,6,7-trihydroxytetradeca-8,11-dienoate (), methyl (6,11)-5,8,9-trihydroxytetradeca-6,11-dienoate (), fulgidic acid (), (9,11)-13-oxooctadeca-9,11-dienoic acid (), (9,11,15)-13-hydroxyoctadeca-9,11,15-trienoic acid (), oleanolic acid 28---D-glucopyranoside-3---L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-glucuronopyranoside (), oleanolic acid 28---D-glucopyranoside-3---Dglucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]--D-glucuronopyranoside (), oleanolic acid 3---Dglucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]--D-glucuronopyranoside (), oleanolic acid 3---L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-glucuronopyranoside (), blumenol C glucoside (), citroside A (), 6,9-roseoside (), ginsenoside Rg1 (), 20-hydroxyecdysone (), and benzyl -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]--D-glucopyranoside () by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds , and inhibited NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.

Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries.

Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries' modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale.

Selectively Halogenated Flavonolignans-Preparation and Antibacterial Activity.

A library of previously unknown halogenated derivatives of flavonolignans (silybins A and B, 2,3-dehydrosilybin, silychristin A, and 2,3-dehydrosilychristin A) was prepared. The effect of halogenation on the biological activity of flavonolignans was investigated. Halogenated derivatives had a significant effect on bacteria.

Constituents of and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities.

One new phenylpropanoid glycoside, tinosinen A () and 13 known compounds, tinosinen (), citrusin B (), picraquassioside C (), -guaiacylglycerol---4'-coniferyl alcohol (), -guaiacylglycerol-8--4'-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (), -syringylglycerol-8--4'-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (), -isolariciresinol 9--D--glucopyranoside (), tinosposide A (), pinoresinol-4'--D-glucopyranoside (), syringaresinol-4'---D-glucopyranoside (), pinoresinol (), syringaresinol (), and lirioresino--dimethyl ether () were isolated from the stems of (Lour.) Merr. Their structures were established by detailed spectroscopic studies and comparisons with those reported in the literature.

Clinical Utility of Combined Whole-cell Antigen and Recombinant Hemolysis Co-regulated Protein 1-Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays Reveals Underdiagnosed Cases of Melioidosis in Vietnam.

Melioidosis is a fatal infectious disease in the tropics and subtropics. Currently, bacterial culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of the disease, but its sensitivity is relatively low. In this study, we evaluated four ELISAs using sera collected from culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis (n = 63), cases with other bacterial infections (n = 62), and healthy donors (n = 60).

One new furostane saponin from and lipid accumulation inhibitory activity.

A new furostane saponin, ramosaponin (), and four known furostane saponins, protodioscin (), dehydrotomatoside (), (25 )-26--(-D-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-ene-3,22,26-triol 3---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-galactopyranoside (), and anguivioside A () were isolated from the methanol extract of seeds. Their structures were identified based on spectroscopic evidence and comparison with those reported in the literature. All compounds were evaluated for reduction of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cell line.

Genetic analyses of Vietnamese patients with oculocutaneous albinism.

Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is an autosomal recessive disease with hypopigmentation in skin, hair, and eyes, causing by the complete absence or reduction of melanin in melanocytes. Many types of OCA were observed based on the mutation in different causing genes relating to albinism. OCA can occur in non-syndromic and syndromic forms, where syndromic OCA coexists with additional systemic consequences beyond hypopigmentation and visual-associated symptoms.

Swarming Magnetic Photoactive Microrobots for Dental Implant Biofilm Eradication.

Titanium dental implants are a multibillion dollar market in the United States alone. The growth of a bacterial biofilm on a dental implant can cause gingivitis, implant loss, and expensive subsequent care. Herein, we demonstrate the efficient eradication of dental biofilm on titanium dental implants via swarming magnetic microrobots based on ferromagnetic (FeO) and photoactive (BiVO) materials through polyethylenimine micelles.

Flavonolignans from silymarin modulate antibiotic resistance and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus.

Antibiotic resistance is currently a serious health problem. Since the discovery of new antibiotics no longer seems to be a sufficient tool in the fight against multidrug-resistant infections, adjuvant (combination) therapy is gaining in importance as well as reducing bacterial virulence. Silymarin is a complex of flavonoids and flavonolignans known for its broad spectrum of biological activities, including its ability to modulate drug resistance in cancer.

The characteristics of coalbed water and coal in a coal seam situated in the Red River Basin, Vietnam.

An in-depth understanding of the hydrogeochemical characteristics of coal mines is helpful in establishing an effective and successful exploration program of coalbed methane (CBM). This study provides a comprehensive analysis of hydrogeological characteristics, characteristics of coalbed water, and characteristics of the coal sample from a coal seam located in the Red River Basin (RRB). These physicochemical characteristics along with the microbial composition of coalbed water were critically analyzed.

Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios.

A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates.

Ketone- and Cyano-Selenoesters to Overcome Efflux Pump, Quorum-Sensing, and Biofilm-Mediated Resistance.

The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens leads to a gradual decline in the efficacy of many antibacterial agents, which poses a serious problem for proper therapy. Multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms allow resistant bacteria to have limited uptake of drugs, modification of their target molecules, drug inactivation, or release of the drug into the extracellular space by efflux pumps (EPs). In previous studies, selenoesters have proved to be promising derivatives with a noteworthy antimicrobial activity.

Age-Related Regional Network Covariance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gray Matter in the Rat.

Healthy human aging has been associated with brain atrophy in prefrontal and selective temporal regions, but reductions in other brain areas have been observed. We previously found regional covariance patterns of gray matter with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy humans and rhesus macaques, using multivariate network Scaled Subprofile Model (SSM) analysis and voxel-based morphometry (VBM), supporting aging effects including in prefrontal and temporal cortices. This approach has yet to be applied to neuroimaging in rodent models of aging.

Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Two Native Fruits of Chile: Arrayan () and Peumo ().

Arrayan and peumo fruits are commonly used in the traditional medicine of Chile. In this study, the concentration of the extracts halving the bacterial viability and biofilms formation and disruption of the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of and was determined. The chemical composition of extracts was analyzed by high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (U-HPLC/MS).

Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Biological Activity of spp. (Iridaceae): A New Source of Bioactive Constituents for the Inhibition of Oral Bacterial Biofilms.

The inhibition and eradication of oral biofilms is increasingly focused on the use of plant extracts as mouthwashes and toothpastes adjuvants. Here, we report on the chemical composition and the antibiofilm activity of 15 methanolic extracts of species against both mono-(, ) and multi-species oral biofilms ( and ). The phytochemical profiles of s.

Lemon Grass Essential Oil Does not Modulate Cancer Cells Multidrug Resistance by Citral-Its Dominant and Strongly Antimicrobial Compound.

With strong antimicrobial properties, citral has been repeatedly reported to be the dominant component of lemongrass essential oil. Here, we report on a comparison of the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of citral and lemongrass essential oil. The lemongrass essential oil was prepared by the vacuum distillation of fresh leaves, with a yield of 0.

A novel p.A191D matrilin-3 variant in a Vietnamese family with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia: a case report.

Background: Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is a common skeletal dysplasia that is characterized by variable degrees of epiphyseal abnormality primarily involving the hip and knee joints. Mutations in a gene encoding matrilin-3 (MATN3) have been reported as disease causing of autosomal dominant MED. The current study identified a novel c.

Sex Differences in Mate Preferences Across 45 Countries: A Large-Scale Replication.

Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions.