Development and validation of a Q-sort measure of identity processing style: the identity processing style Q-sort.

Identity styles represent strategies individuals use to explore identity-related issues. Berzonsky (Berzonsky, M. D.

Conflict resolution strategies and marital distress as mediating factors in the link between witnessing interparental violence and wife battering.

This study investigated the mediating effects of men's ineffective conflict resolution strategies and marital distress on the intergenerational transmission of wife battering. Subjects were 1836 men who participated in the Second National Family Violence Survey. Results indicated that men who witnessed interparental violence were more likely to use ineffective conflict resolution strategies.

Absence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaques in Helicobacter pylori positive dyspeptic patients.

To test the validity of reports on detection of Helicobacter pylori in the mouth, samples were obtained simultaneously from the gastric mucosa and dental plaques for culture in 94 patients examined consecutively by endoscopy. Histological examinations and serological tests were also performed. Helicobacter pylori was not found in the mouth of any of the patients including 52 who had culture-positive gastric biopsies.

Severity and location of venous valvular insufficiency: the importance of distal valve function.

Venous calf pump function was evaluated with special reference to distribution and severity of deep venous reflux at different levels. A combination of ultrasonography, foot volumetry and venous plethysmography was used in 100 consecutive patients, 32 of whom were also studied with phlebography and intravenous pressure measurements. A clear relationship was found between clinical stage of chronic venous insufficiency and number of segments with reflux.

Adolescent sex-role orientation and ego identity.

This study investigated the relationship between sex-role development and ego development in a sample of 9th-12th grade Anglo-American and Mexican-American students attending high school in a southwestern state. All students were administered: (a) the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (Grotevant and Adams, 1984) as a measure of ego development (i.e.

The case for modifying adolescents' cognitive self-statements.

The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a cognitive-behavior modification program designed to change adolescents' self-statements and increase their levels of self-esteem. Subjects were 27 ninth graders, 18 in the experimental group and 9 in the no-contact control group. Students in the experimental group were given 14 hours of training designed to modify their self-statements to be more positive.

Follow-up of 102 patients operated on for gastrointestinal carcinoid.

A series of 102 patients with carcinoid tumor is reviewed. The sites of carcinoid were stomach (1 case), appendix (32), small intestine (57) and colon or rectum (12). The average age was 37 years in the patients with appendiceal carcinoid and 62 years in the others.

Adjustment and sex-role orientation in adolescence.

The purpose of the present study was to reexamine the relationship between sex-role orientation and self-esteem in adolescence. One hundred and six senior high school students completed the Rosenberg self-esteem measure (Rosenberg, 1965) and two measures of sex-role orientation, the Bem Sex Role Inventory, Short Form (BSRI; Bem, 1981), and the Personal Attributes Questionnaire Short Form (PAQ; Spence et al., 1975).

LCEC analysis of 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine in the human gastrointestinal tract.

The mucosal content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in different parts of the human gastrointestinal tract has been studied. Peroperative biopsies of normal mucosa were collected during various gastrointestinal operations. The amines were extracted and assayed by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LCEC).

Is albumin therapy worthwhile in surgery for colorectal cancer?

Patients with colorectal cancer undergoing elective surgery with resection of the tumour and primary anastomosis were randomly allocated into two groups. 29 patients received a total of 60-75 g of albumin postoperatively, 30 patients received no albumin and served as controls. The two groups were comparable with respect to age and sex of the patients and stage of growth of the tumour.

The influence of elevated body temperature on skin perspiration.

To evaluate the influence of an elevated rectal temperature on sensible and insensible perspiration the evaporative water losses from the skin of 33 female and 41 male surgical patients with fever were recorded with an evaporimeter. It was found that the patients were generally in a state of normal insensible perspiration. In some of the patients, however, intermittent sensible sweating was observed.

Intrathoracic goitre: a review of 29 cases.

Twenty-nine patients suffering from intrathoracic goitre who were admitted to a thoracic surgical clinic were studied. Most patients had respiratory complaints but as many as 28% did not have any symptoms and their goitres were revealed on routine chest X-rays. Only seven patients were operated upon with a thoracic approach, usually a sternal split.

Treatment of pilonidal sinus by radical excision and reconstruction by rotation flap surgery of Z-plasty technique.

Defects after excision of large pilonidal sinuses were reconstructed by either rotation skin flaps or a Z-plasty technique. Altogether, 16 patients were operated on, 10 with a rotation flap and 6 with a Z-plasty technique. All the patients except one underwent a radical operation.

Warm dry air treatment of 345 patients with burns exceeding 20 per cent of the body surface.

Two groups of patients with burns covering more than 20% of the body surface treated in a warm dry environment in two Burn Units in Sweden have been compared. The methods of treatment of the 345 patients were almost identical, using plasma and crystalloid solutions during the period of early intense therapy, use of frequent bathing and early debridement of the necrotic burned tissue and application of homo- or heterograft skin prior to the transplantation of autograft skin. The percentage mortalities in the two groups of patients (15.

Abdominal paracentesis for early diagnosis of closed abdominal injury.

In a 4 year material of closed abdominal injuries consisting of 114 patients, mostly multiple trauma traffic accidents, diagnostic paracentesis with peritoneal lavage was used in 47 cases. The aim of the investigation was to indicate or exclude blood in the abdominal cavity as early as possible and thereby facilitate the priority of treatment and diminish the delay in surgical intervention. The main indication was suspicion of abdominal injury in multiple traumatized, unconscious or shocked patients.

Insensible perspiration from the skin under standardized environmental conditions.

The cutaneous insensible perspiration of adult healthy volunteers was measured by a new method based on estimation of the vapour pressure gradient in the air layer immediately adjacent to skin. All measurements were performed at ambient temperatures of 22 degrees, 27 degrees and 30 degrees C and at a relative humidity of 30%. On the basis of the results obtained the total body surface area of the investigated subjects was divided into four different zones with respect to quantitative water loss.

Water loss by evaporation from the abdominal cavity during surgery.

During abdominal surgery of different degrees of severity the evaporative water loss from wounds and exteriorized bowels was measured by recording the rate of vapour concentration increase in a closed measuring chamber placed over the exposed abdominal cavity. In an animal experiment on 4 rabbits the excessive evaporation of water from exteriorized bowels (15 g/h) gradually decreased and stabilized at approximately 50% of the initial value after 20 min of exposure. In surgical patients the loss by evaporation from a minor incision with only slightly exposed viscera was only 2.

Plasma volume expansion after infusion of 5%, 20% and 25% albumin solutions in patients.

Fifty grams of albumin were infused into patients in the immediate post-operative period as either 5, 20 or 25% solutions. With all three solutions the increase in plasma volume was 500 ml or 11 ml/g of retained albumin, which is less than the normal water-binding capacity of albumin found in studies in vitro and in some clinical studies. This might be explained by a blocking of the water-binding capacity of the albumin or by the action of other unknown mechanisms, when albumin is given in an amount exceeding the losses.

Plasma volume changes after infusion of various plasma expanders.

In the immediate post-operative period after moderate surgical procedures, 1 litre of a colloid solution or saline was given intravenously. The plasma volume expansion after infusion of dextran 70 (Macrodex), hydroxyethylstarch (Volex), polygelatin (Haemaccel), albumin and saline was found to be between 790 and 180 ml. The most efficent plasma expander was dextran, followed by hydroxyethylstarch.