Curcumin Mitigates Gut Dysbiosis and Enhances Gut Barrier Function to Alleviate Metabolic Dysfunction in Obese, Aged Mice.

The gut microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining gut and metabolic health, and its composition is often altered by aging and obesity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of curcumin on gut dysbiosis, gut barrier integrity, and bile acid homeostasis in aged mice fed a high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHSD). Eighteen- to twenty-one-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into groups fed a normal chow diet or HFHSD, with or without curcumin supplementation (0.

Regimen comprising clarithromycin, clofazimine and bedaquiline is more efficacious than monotherapy in a mouse model of chronic lung infection.

, a leading non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) pathogen, causes chronic pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with underlying lung conditions or immunosuppression. Current treatments involve prolonged multi-drug regimens with poor outcomes and significant side effects, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapies. Using a BALB/c mouse model of chronic pulmonary disease, we evaluated the efficacy of individual antibiotics-clarithromycin, clofazimine, and rifabutin-and combination regimens including clarithromycin+bedaquiline and clarithromycin+clofazimine+bedaquiline.

Proteomic characterization of subjected to carbon starvation.

( ) is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), the leading cause of infectious-disease related deaths worldwide. TB infections present as a spectrum from active to latent disease. In the human host, faces hostile environments, such as nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and low pH.

Toxicological Evaluation of a Polyherbal Formulation (18KHT01) and Validation of UPLC-DAD Method for Quality Control.

18KHT01 is a novel synergistic composition of , , , and a small portion of . Our previous report demonstrated that the 18KHT01 exhibits potent antiobesity effects, with synergistic antioxidant, antiadipogenic, and antiobesity activities in diet-induced obese mice. This study explores the toxicity profile and quality control parameters of the 18KHT01 formulation.

Infection prevention and control: critical strategies for nursing practice.

Infection prevention and control (IPC) is essential in nursing practice to safeguard patient health and reduce healthcare-associated infections. This article explores IPC strategies, including hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, environmental cleaning, safe injection practices, and antimicrobial stewardship. It discusses the implementation challenges and solutions, such as ensuring compliance through education, monitoring and strong leadership.

Curcumin-Rich Diet Mitigates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by Attenuating Fat Accumulation and Improving Insulin Sensitivity in Aged Female Mice under Nutritional Stress.

Background: The high incidence of metabolic syndrome in the elderly poses a significant challenge to the healthcare system, emphasizing the need for interventions tailored to geriatric patients. Given the limited focus on females in previous studies, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary curcumin on obesity and NAFLD outcomes in naturally aged (18-month-old) female mice.

Methods: Female C57BL/6 mice aged 18 months were fed a normal chow diet (NCD) and a HFHSD, with or without curcumin (0.

Efficacy of epetraborole against in a mouse model of lung infection.

( or ) is a fast-growing mycobacterium that is ubiquitous in the environment and can cause opportunistic disease in people with lung comorbidity and immunodeficiency. There are no Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for this disease, and repurposed antibiotics have a poor microbiological response. To address the need for effective new antibiotics, we determined the efficacy of epetraborole (EBO) against three clinical isolates in a mouse model of lung infection.

Efficacies of omadacycline + amikacin + imipenem and an all-oral regimen omadacycline + clofazimine + linezolid in a mouse model of lung disease.

Treatment outcomes for (, also known as ) disease are still unsatisfactory, mainly due to issues with drug toxicity, tolerability, and efficacy. Treating disease is challenging due to its high baseline antibiotic resistance, initial requirement for intravenous therapy, and poor medication tolerance. Omadacycline, a new tetracycline, is active against .

Case Commentary: Dual β-lactam as part of regimen to treat lung disease.

Individuals with compromised lung function and immunity are susceptible to developing chronic infection. Current treatment recommendations typically involve using one β-lactam antibiotic in combination with non-β-lactam antibiotics. However, a recent case study (B.

Preclinical murine models for the testing of antimicrobials against Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary infections: Current practices and recommendations.

Mycobacterium abscessus, a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, is increasingly recognized as an important pathogen of the human lung, disproportionally affecting people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and other susceptible individuals with non-CF bronchiectasis and compromised immune functions. M. abscessus infections are extremely difficult to treat due to intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics, including most anti-tuberculous drugs.

Evaluation of Anti-Obesity and Antidiabetic Activities of in Cell and Animal Models.

is a popular traditional medicinal herb used in Asian countries. This study is focused on evaluating its role in lipid and glucose metabolism in cell and animal models to establish the plant as an anti-obesity and antidiabetic herb. A butanol fraction of was used in the study.

Efficacies of three drug regimens containing omadacycline to treat Mycobacteroides abscessus disease.

Mycobacteroides abscessus (Mab, also known as Mycobacterium abscessus) causes opportunistic pulmonary and soft tissue infections that are difficult to cure with existing treatments. Omadacycline, a new tetracycline antibiotic, exhibits potent in vitro and in vivo activity against Mab. As regimens containing multiple antibiotics are required to produce a durable cure for Mab disease, we assessed efficacies of three three-drug combinations in a pre-clinical mouse model of pulmonary Mab disease to identify companion drugs with which omadacycline exhibits the highest efficacy.

Curcumin Mitigates the High-Fat High-Sugar Diet-Induced Impairment of Spatial Memory, Hepatic Metabolism, and the Alteration of the Gut Microbiome in Alzheimer's Disease-Induced (3xTg-AD) Mice.

The escalating prevalence of metabolic diseases and an aging demographic has been correlated with a concerning rise in Alzheimer's disease (AD) incidence. This study aimed to access the protective effects of curcumin, a bioactive flavonoid from turmeric, on spatial memory, metabolic functions, and the regulation of the gut microbiome in AD-induced (3xTg-AD) mice fed with either a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHSD). Our findings revealed an augmented susceptibility of the HFHSD-fed 3xTg-AD mice for weight gain and memory impairment, while curcumin supplementation demonstrated a protective effect against these changes.

Exploring the potentials of Lam. seed kernel oil as pharmaceutical oil base: Physicochemical characterization and ketoconazole soap formulation.

Lam. (Rhamnaceae) is a large spiny shrub or small tree, native to the Indian subcontinent that can reach a maximum height of 9-15 m. This plant stands as a renowned tropical fruit variety, commonly recognized as the Indian plum, Desert apple, or Indian Jujube.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities, and Metabolite Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants of Nepal.

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antiarthritic, and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts from the leaves of twelve different medicinal plants in Nepal. We then evaluated the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents of the extract using in-vitro assays and characterized it using GC-MS analysis. Results revealed that most of the leaf extracts contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins.

Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU) Outbreak Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: To document the demographic profile of the SHAPU outbreak amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A multicentric cross-sectional study of the 2021 SHAPU outbreak during the second phase of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Results: A total of 135 patients were diagnosed with SHAPU from August to December 2021, 77 (57%) were children <16 years, males 54.

Yellow Himalayan Raspberry ( Sm.): Ethnomedicinal, Nutraceutical, and Pharmacological Aspects.

Yellow Himalayan raspberry ( Sm., Rosaceae) is a native species of the Indian subcontinent, Southern China, and the Philippines, which has been historically used as a traditional medicine and food. All of the parts of this plant have been used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory ailments, diabetes, and gastrointestinal disorder, and as an anti-infective agent.

A strip-based assay for detection of CrfA enzyme activity to differentiate Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria.

There is an unmet need for tools that permit diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB) that are affordable, low-tech, and can differentiate Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) from non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). In this study, we have developed a strip-based assay to detect the activity of a unique Carbapenem Resistance Factor A (CrfA) enzyme present only in M.

Dietary Curcumin Attenuates Hepatic Cellular Senescence by Suppressing the MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Aged Mice.

Dietary interventions with bioactive compounds have been found to suppress the accumulation of senescent cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs). One such compound, curcumin (CUR), has beneficial health and biological effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its ability to prevent hepatic cellular senescence is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary CUR as an antioxidant on hepatic cellular senescence and determine its benefits on aged mice.

Efficacy of Omadacycline-Containing Regimen in a Mouse Model of Pulmonary Mycobacteroides abscessus Disease.

Mycobacteroides abscessus is an opportunistic pathogen in people with structural lung conditions such as bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. Pulmonary M. abscessus infection causes progressive symptomatic and functional decline as well as diminished lung function and is often incurable with existing antibiotics.

Screening of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Anti-Adipogenic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Five Selected Medicinal Plants of Nepal.

Introduction: Herbal products have been widely used for the treatment of diseases throughout the ages. In this research, we investigated antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-adipogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities of methanolic extracts of five ethnomedicinally important plants; namely, , , , , and .

Methods: We investigated the DPPH free radical scavenging potential, sensitivity of selected bacterial strains towards the extracts using a disc diffusion assay, anti-inflammatory activity in RAW-264.

Bioactive Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Ponciri Fructus.

Ponciri Fructus is a crude drug obtained from the dried immature fruits of (L). Raf. (Syn.

Microbiological profile, preclinical pharmacokinetics and efficacy of CRS0393, a novel antimycobacterial agent targeting MmpL3.

The benzothiazole amide CRS0393 demonstrated excellent in vitro activity against nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including M. abscessus isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ≤0.03-0.

Clofazimine as a comparator for preclinical efficacy evaluations of experimental therapeutics against pulmonary M. abscessus infection in mice.

Mycobacteroides abscessus (Mab, also known as Mycobacterium abscessus) can cause chronic pulmonary disease in the setting of structural lung conditions. Current treatment recommendations require at least one year of daily therapy with repurposed antibiotics. Yet these therapies are often ineffective and associated with significant adverse events.