The future of cardiac repair: a review on cell-free nanotherapies for regenerative myocardial infarction.

Cardiovascular diseases as myocardial infarction (MI) represent a major cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. Even though, patients who survive MI are susceptible to high risk of heart failure. This is mainly attributed to the major loss of cardiomyocytes and limited regenerative potential of myocardium.

Microneedles integrated with atorvastatin-loaded pumpkisomes for breast cancer therapy: A localized delivery approach.

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women worldwide, having a significant impact on women's well-being. Early diagnosis of breast cancer followed by appropriate treatment is considered the best survival factor. Microneedles (MN) have been utilized for non-invasive localized breast cancer treatment.

Engineering Thermo/pH-Responsive Lactoferrin Nanostructured Microbeads for Oral Targeting of Colorectal Cancer.

Aim: Colorectal cancer is an extremely aggressive form of cancer that often leads to death. Lactoferrin shows potential for targeting and treating colorectal cancer; however, oral delivery faces hurdles hampering clinical applications. We engineered dual-responsive lactoferrin nanostructured microbeads to overcome delivery hurdles and enhance drug targeting.

Bioactive baicalin rhamno-nanocapsules as phytotherapeutic platform for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Leukemia, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is considered a serious health condition with high prevalence among adults. Accordingly, finding new therapeutic modalities for AML is urgently needed. This study aimed to develop a biocompatible nanoformulation for effective oral delivery of the phytomedicine; baicalin (BAC) for AML treatment.

Biosurfactant-amphiphilized hyaluronic acid: A dual self-assembly anticancer nanoconjugate and drug vector for synergistic chemotherapy.

Novel amphiphilic nanoconjugates of hyaluronic acid (HA), 50 kDa (HA) and 100 kDa (HA), and the lipopeptide biosurfactant surfactin (SF) were developed for potential anticancer applications. Physicochemical characterization indicated the formation of an ester conjugate (HA: SF molar ratio 1: 40) with the HA-SF derivative exhibiting higher degree of substitution, hydrolytic stability, and surface activity. Self-assembly resulted in nanomicelles with smaller size and greater negative charge relative to SF micelles.

Efficacy of a Novel Melatonin-Loaded Gelatin Sponge in Palatal Wound Healing.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to assess both clinically and histologically the effect of a topically applied melatonin-loaded gelatin sponge on palatal wound healing after graft harvesting.

Methods: Twenty-six patients for whom free palatal graft procurement was indicated were divided equally into 2 groups. In the test group, the donor site was covered by a melatonin-loaded gelatin sponge, and in the control group the site was covered by a placebo-loaded gelatin sponge.

Resveratrol-loaded invasome gel: A promising nanoformulation for treatment of skin cancer.

Skin cancer is a widespread type of cancer representing 30% of all cancer types worldwide. Resveratrol (RSV) is an anticancer drug used for skin cancer treatment. Several limitations of RSV such as poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism, and instability limit their topical use.

Efficacy of hyaluronic acid gel and photobiomodulation therapy on wound healing after surgical gingivectomy: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Surgical gingivectomy can be considered the gold standard treatment for gingival enlargement. The healing of wound site after gingivectomy occurs slowly by secondary intention. To accelerate the wound healing process, several studies have been conducted evaluating the effect of various treatment modalities.

Engineering tanshinone-loaded, levan-biofunctionalized polycaprolactone nanofibers for treatment of skin cancer.

Skin cancer is a challenging condition of the highest prevalence rate among other types of cancer. Thus, advancement of local therapeutic approaches for skin cancer is highly needed. Recently, the use of phytotherapeutics, like tanshinone IIA (Tan), as anticancer agents has become promising.

Omega-3 nanoemulgel in prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis and its associated effect on microbiome: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is recognized as one of the most frequent debilitating sequelae encountered by head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated by radiotherapy. This results in severe mucosal tissue inflammation and oral ulcerations that interfere with patient's nutrition, quality of life (QoL) and survival. Omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have recently gained special interest in dealing with oral diseases owing to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and wound healing properties.

Comparable Efficacy of Submucosal Platelet-Rich Plasma and Combined Platelet-Rich Plasma Noncrosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Vulvovaginal Atrophy: A Cancer Survivorship Issue.

Cancer survivors are often reluctant to discuss sexual complaints with their oncologists and treatment is frequently unsatisfactory due to paucity of controlled studies and inapplicability of vaginal estrogen. We aimed to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections alone or in combination with noncrosslinked hyaluronic acid compared with standard therapy with topical hyaluronic acid gel in the management of cancer therapy-induced or aggravated vulvovaginal atrophy. This prospective, parallel-group comparative study was conducted on 45 female patients with a history of cancer and complaining of symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy either induced or aggravated by cancer treatment.

Repurposing 1,2,4-oxadiazoles as SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitors and investigation of their possible viral entry blockade potential.

Although vaccines are obviously mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic diffusion, efficient complementary antiviral agents are urgently needed to combat SARS-CoV-2. The viral papain-like protease (PLpro) is a promising therapeutic target being one of only two essential proteases crucial for viral replication. Nevertheless, it dysregulates the host immune sensing response.

Development and evaluation of local regenerative biomimetic bone-extracellular matrix scaffold loaded with nano-formulated quercetin for orthopedic fractures.

The prevalence of bone injuries is greatly increasing each year and the proper healing of fractures without any complications is very challenging. Self-setting calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have attracted great attention as bioactive synthetic bone substitutes. Quercetin (QT) is a multipurposed drug with reported bone-conserving properties.

Luteolin-loaded exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: a promising therapy for liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a global life-threatening disorder with no approved treatment. It leads to serious hepatic complications when progressive, such as cirrhosis and carcinoma. Luteolin (LUT) is a plant flavonoid possessing a promising therapeutic potential in various liver diseases particularly, liver fibrosis.

Pitavastatin-loaded bilosomes for oral treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a repurposing approach.

Albeit its established efficacy as an anti-hyperlipidemic agent, pitavastatin (PIT) has been shown to have other various therapeutic effects. One of these effects is the anti-cancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This effect has been evaluated in this study for the first time its oral delivery loaded in bilosomes both in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line; HepG2 and in an Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model.

Improved oral nutraceutical-based intervention for the management of obesity: pterostilbene-loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

To formulate and assess the oral anti-obesity effect of polymeric-based pterostilbene (PS)-loaded nanoparticles. Pterostilbene-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex loaded in chitosan nanoparticles (PS/HPβCD-NPs) were prepared and characterized . Cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics and anti-obesity effects were assessed on Caco-2 cell line and high-fat-diet-induced obesity rat model, respectively.

The Effect of Coenzyme Q10/Collagen Hydrogel on Bone Regeneration in Extraction Socket Prior to Implant Placement in Type II Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: The healing of an extraction socket leads to alveolar ridge resorption that can hinder future implant placement and further rehabilitation with special concerns in diabetes mellitus. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been developed as a new material for alveolar socket augmentation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CoQ10 hydrogel on bone regeneration after extraction of mandibular teeth in Type II diabetic patients.

Design of Targeted Flurbiprofen Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Management of Arthritis: In Vitro and In Vivo Appraisal.

Flurbiprofen (FLUR) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the management of arthritis. Unfortunately, its therapeutic effect is limited by its rapid clearance from the joints following intra-articular injection. To improve its therapeutic efficacy, hyaluronic acid-coated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (HA-BSA NPs) were formulated and loaded with FLUR to achieve active drug targeting.

Recent advances in polymer shell oily-core nanocapsules for drug-delivery applications.

Polymeric nanocapsules are vesicular drug-delivery systems composed of an inner oily reservoir surrounded by polymeric membranes. Nanocapsules have various advantages over other nanovesicular systems such as providing controlled drug release properties. We discuss the recent advances in polymeric shell oily-core nanocapsules, illustrating the different types of polymers used and their implementation.

Correction to: Assessment of HIF-1α expression and release following endothelial injury in-vitro and in-vivo.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Correction to: Leukemia inhibitory factor inhibits erythropoietin-induced myelin gene expression in oligodendrocytes.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

3D Bioprinting of Novel Biocompatible Scaffolds for Endothelial Cell Repair.

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an optimized 3D bioprinting technology in order to fabricate novel scaffolds for the application of endothelial cell repair. Various biocompatible and biodegradable macroporous scaffolds (D = 10 mm) with interconnected pores (D = ~500 µm) were fabricated using a commercially available 3D bioprinter (r3bEL mini, SE3D, USA). The resolution of the printing layers was set at ~100 µm for all scaffolds.

Inflammation-induced reactive nitrogen species cause proteasomal degradation of dimeric peroxiredoxin-1 in a mouse macrophage cell line.

Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is an antioxidant enzyme that, when secreted, can act as a proinflammatory signal. Here we studied the regulation of intracellular PRDX1 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line.

Leukemia inhibitory factor inhibits erythropoietin-induced myelin gene expression in oligodendrocytes.

Background: The pro-myelinating effects of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and other cytokines of the gp130 family, including oncostatin M (OSM) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), have long been known, but controversial results have also been reported. We recently overexpressed erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) in rat central glia-4 (CG4) oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to study the mechanisms mediating the pro-myelinating effects of erythropoietin (EPO). In this study, we investigated the effect of co-treatment with EPO and LIF.

Assessment of HIF-1α expression and release following endothelial injury in-vitro and in-vivo.

Background: Endothelial injury is an early and enduring feature of cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and hypoxia may be responsible for this, and are often associated with the up-regulation of several transcriptional factors that include Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1). Although it has been reported that HIF-1α is detectable in plasma, it is known to be unstable.