Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green Alternatives for Extracting Bioactive Compounds from Taxa with Potential Cosmetic Applications.

This study investigated the potential of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) for extracting bioactive compounds from the aerial parts of two mountain tea taxa, ssp. (Boiss. & Heldr.

Lysosphingolipid Quantitation in Plasma and Dried-Blood Spots Using Targeted High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Background: Sphingolipidoses are rare inherited metabolic diseases belonging to lysosomal diseases. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and treatment. In this study, we aimed to develop a robust method to accelerate the diagnosis of these sphingolipidoses using dried blood spots and plasma.

Encapsulation of Microalgae Extract in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) and Evaluation of Their Sunscreen, Wound Healing, and Skin Hydration Properties.

Traditional sunscreens have relied on synthetic compounds to protect against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, there is increasing interest in utilizing the natural photoprotective properties of microalgae extracts. This approach does not only aim to enhance the stability and efficacy of sun protection formulae but also seeks to reduce the reliance on synthetic sunscreens.

New Esters of Ferrediol and Sideritriol in subsp. : Characterization and Antiproliferative Activity.

17-Isovalerate esters of ferrediol and sideritriol (compounds and ) and 17-(2-methylbutyrate) ferrediol (compound ), which have not been earlier described, were isolated along with five known -15-kaurene diterpenes (siderol, sideridiol, sideroxol, eubotriol, and -candicandiol), one -beyerene (flavovirol), and one phytosterol (β-sitosterol) from the aerial parts of subsp. (Boiss. & Heldr.

Innovative tree-based method for sampling molecular conformations: exploring the ATP-binding cassette subfamily D member 1 (ABCD1) transporter as a case study.

We introduce a novel tree-based method for visualizing molecular conformation sampling. Our method offers enhanced precision in highlighting conformational differences and facilitates the observation of local minimas within proteins fold space. The projection of empirical laboratory data on the tree allows us to create a link between protein conformations and disease relevant data.

Beneficial Effects of Extracts and Sideridiol against Amyloid β Toxicity.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Given the link between oxidative stress and AD, many studies focus on the identification of natural antioxidants against AD. Although their antioxidant capacity is important, increasing data suggest that additional activities are related to their beneficial effects, including properties against amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation.

Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Cyto-Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Potential of Hydromethanolic Extract.

This study comprises the phytochemical characterization, the evaluation of the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA), and the investigation of the cyto-genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of hydromethanolic extract derived from L. leaves. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and HPLC-DAD were used for the characterization of the extract and determination of the major ingredients.

Evaluation of SP3 for antibody-free quantification of tau in CSF mimic and brain by mass spectrometry.

Tubulin-associated unit (tau) has an important role in the pathogenesis and the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. In view of the diversity of tau proteoforms, antibody-free methods represent a good approach for unbiased quantification. We adapted and evaluated the single-pot, solid-phase-enhanced sample-preparation (SP3) protocol for antibody-free extraction of the tau protein in cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) mimic and in human brain.

A Multilevel Study of Eupatorin and Scutellarein as Anti-Amyloid Agents in Alzheimer's Disease.

Today, Alzheimer's disease (AD)-the most common neurodegenerative disorder, which affects 50 million people-remains incurable. Several studies suggest that one of the main pathological hallmarks of AD is the accumulation of abnormal amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregates; therefore, many therapeutic approaches focus on anti-Aβ aggregation inhibitors. Taking into consideration that plant-derived secondary metabolites seem to have neuroprotective effects, we attempted to assess the effects of two flavones-eupatorin and scutellarein-on the amyloidogenesis of Aβ peptides.

Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds in Strawberry Genotypes over the Harvest Period.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) over the harvest period have been assessed in twenty-five strawberry genotypes cultivated in western Greece. Using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC--MS), twenty-eight volatiles were monitored at early (T1) and mid-harvest (T3) time points to investigate the effect of the genotype and harvest time on strawberry volatilome. A quantitative impact of both harvest date and genotype on VOCs associated with aroma was demonstrated, with the most significant VOCs being terpenes, esters, and acids, followed by lactones and furanones.

Plasma lysosphingolipids in GRN-related diseases: Monitoring lysosomal dysfunction to track disease progression.

GRN mutations are among the main genetic causes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Considering the progranulin involvement in lysosomal homeostasis, we aimed to evaluate if plasma lysosphingolipids (lysoSPL) are increased in GRN mutation carriers, and whether they might represent relevant fluid-based biomarkers in GRN-related diseases. We analyzed four lysoSPL levels in plasmas of 131 GRN carriers and 142 non-carriers, including healthy controls and patients with frontotemporal dementias (FTD) carrying a C9orf72 expansion or without any mutation.

Plasma G ganglioside potential biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and disease monitoring of GM2-Gangliosidosis.

GM2-Gangliosidosis are a group of inherited lysosomal storage pathologies characterized by a large accumulation of G ganglioside in the lysosome. They are caused by mutation in HEXA or HEXB causing reduced or absent activity of a lysosomal β-hexosaminidase A, or mutation in GM2A causing defect in GM2 activator protein (GM2AP), an essential protein for the activity of the enzyme. Biochemical diagnosis relies on the measurement of β-hexosaminidases A and B activities, which is able to detect lysosomal enzyme deficiency but fails to identify defects in GM2AP.

GC-MS and LC-DAD-MS Phytochemical Profiling for Characterization of Three Native Taxa from Eastern Mediterranean with Antiglycation Properties.

and subsp. are native to Eastern Mediterranean and subsp. is endemic to Greece.

Prospective cholestanol screening of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis among patients with juvenile-onset unexplained bilateral cataracts.

Background: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare genetic disorder related to CYP27A1 biallelic mutations, leading to decreased synthesis of bile acids and increased cholestanol. Juvenile bilateral cataracts are one of the most common findings in the disease, frequently occurring before the onset of neurological manifestations. While early treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid can prevent the onset of neurological impairment, poor awareness of CTX accounts for a markedly delayed diagnosis.

Characterization of subsp. Polar Glycosides and Phytochemical Comparison to Other Mountain Tea Populations.

(Bory & Chaub.) Hayek subsp. (Boiss.

Nutritional Value of Eggplant Cultivars and Association with Sequence Variation in Genes Coding for Major Phenolics.

Eggplant is a widely consumed vegetable, with significant nutritional value and high antioxidant content, mainly due to its phenolic constituents. Our goal was to determine the levels of carbohydrates, proteins, total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, and the antioxidant capacity in thirteen eggplant cultivars cultivated in Greece and to identify sequence polymorphisms in key regulating genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway (, , , , , , ), which might relate to the phytochemical content of those cultivars. The carbohydrates' content differs among and within cultivars, while the rest of the phytochemicals differ only among cultivars.

GM2 gangliosidosis AB variant: first case of late onset and review of the literature.

AB variant is the rarest form of GM2 gangliosidosis, neurodegenerative diseases caused by lysosomal accumulation of GM2 gangliosides. Less than thirty cases are referenced in the literature, and to date, no late-onset form has been described. Our proband is a 22-year-old male with spinocerebellar ataxia and lower limbs motor deficiency.

Total Phenolic Content, Biomass Composition, and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Marine Microalgal Species with Potential as Aquaculture Feed.

There has been growing interest in microalgal biomolecules for health and cosmetics, as well as in the use of microalgae as aquaculture feed due to the need to replace fishmeal and fish oil with sustainable yet equally nutritious alternatives. Aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of five marine microalgal species, namely , , , and , for the co-production of antioxidants and aquaculture feed. Batch cultivation was performed under saturating light intensity and continuous aeration.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of with Ethanol and Betaine: 1,2-Propanediol Eutectic Solvent for Antioxidant Pigment-Rich Extracts Retaining Nutritious the Residual Biomass.

The aim of this study was the development of an efficient "green" extraction method of to produce antioxidant extracts and nutritious residual biomass. Twenty-one extraction methods were evaluated by measuring the reactivity with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent: ultrasonication or maceration at different temperatures with different organic solvents, extraction at different pH values, enzyme-assisted extraction, encapsulation with β-cyclodextrin, and the use of natural deep eutectic solvents. Ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol or betaine: 1,2-propanediol in a molar ratio of 2:5 (BP) had optimal extractive capacity.

Selected plasma oxysterols as a potential multi-marker biosignature panel for Behçet's Disease.

Clinical, genetic, and medical evidence has shown the inflammatory vasculitis aspect of Behçet's Disease (BD). Whereas oxysterols are vital factors in inflammation and oxidative stress, it is still unknown whether they are involved in the pathophysiology of BD. The current study aims to explore the profile of oxysterols in plasma of BD patients.

Plasma oxysterols in drug-free patients with schizophrenia.

Evidence from clinical, genetic, and medical studies has shown the neuronal developmental disorder aspect of schizophrenia (SZ). Whereas oxysterols are vital factors in neurodevelopment, it is still unknown whether they are involved in the pathophysiology of SZ. The current study aims to explore the profile of oxysterols in plasma, ratio to total cholesterol (Tchol) and the association with clinical factors in patients with SZ.