Non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 101, 153, and 180) and adipocyte lipid dysfunctions: Involvement of glycerol and role of aquaglyceroporins in mature 3T3-L1 cells.

Non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs), as well as dioxin-like PCBs, are endocrine disruptors that persist in human and animal tissues worldwide. Due to their lipophilicity and resistance to enzymatic degradation, PCBs accumulate in fat deposits contributing to the onset of endocrine and metabolic diseases. Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channel proteins that allow the transport of water and small solutes.

Synthesis of BODIPYs using organoindium reagents and survey of their cytotoxicity and cell uptake on nervous system cells.

In this study, a series of BODIPY dyes were synthesized, containing various substituents at meso position. Further functionalization of the BODIPY framework at C2 and C2-C6 position(s) by palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions using organoindium reagents (RIn) was efficiently assessed, starting from C2(6)-halogenated BODIPYs, and their optical properties were measured. The cytotoxicity of BODIPY dyes on SH-SY5Y neuronal cells by MTT assay showed that those compounds bearing thien-2-yl and benzonitrile moieties at meso position, exhibited great efficiency in maintaining cell viability under all tested conditions (up to 50 µM for 24 h and 48 h).

Oleoylethanolamide mitigates cardiometabolic disruption secondary to obesity induced by high-fat diet in mice.

Chronic lipid overnutrition has been demonstrated to promote cardiac dysfunction resulting from metabolic derangement, inflammation, and fibrosis. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endogenous peroxisome proliferator activating receptor (PPAR)-α agonist, has been extensively studied for its metabolic properties. The aim of this study was to determine if OEA has beneficial effects on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac disruption in obese mice, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms.

Co-Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide and Rutin Associated With Hydroxytyrosol Recover Diabesity-Induced Hepatic Dysfunction in Mice: In Vitro Insights Into the Synergistic Effect.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and diabesity (diabetes related to obesity) are interrelated since glucose and lipid alterations play a vital role in the development of both disorders. Due to their multi-variant metabolic features, more than one drug or natural product may be required to achieve proper therapeutic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a formulation containing co-micronized palmitoylethanolamide and rutin (PEA-Rut) associated with hydroxytyrosol (HT), namely NORM3, against hepatic damage and metabolic alterations in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabesity in mice.

Indium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrroles and Benzo[]indoles by Intramolecular Cyclization of Homopropargyl Azides.

Pyrroles, privileged structural motifs in drug and material science, have been synthesized by indium(III)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of homopropargyl azides. This methodology exhibits a broad substrate scope, providing substituted pyrroles and bispyrroles in good yields. Furthermore, an atom-economical sequential method for the synthesis of benzo[]indoles has been discovered from azido-diynes using InCl as catalyst.

Building Confidence, Diminishing Stress: A Clinical Incivility Management Initiative for Nursing Students.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive program designed to reduce nursing students' perceived stress and improve self-efficacy and readiness to professionally address incivility during clinical practice.

Background: Incivility in clinical settings adversely impacts learners, educators, institutions, and healthcare systems, undermining safety and the teaching-learning process. Despite its increasing global prevalence, effective interventions remain largely unexplored.

Pontine tubercular abscess: A rare presentation of CNS tuberculosis masquerading as glioma in a child.

Tuberculous brain abscess (TBA) in a child was initially misdiagnosed as glioma. Two craniotomies, abscess drainage, and anti-tubercular therapy led to recovery. Pontine TBA, though rare and atypical, can have better outcome with timely intervention.

Parkin R274W mutation affects muscle and mitochondrial physiology.

Recessive mutations in the Parkin gene (PRKN) are the most common cause of young-onset inherited parkinsonism. Parkin is a multifunctional E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a variety of roles in the cell including the degradation of proteins and the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis, integrity, and biogenesis. In 2001, the R275W mutation in the PRKN gene was identified in two unrelated families with a multigenerational history of postural tremor, dystonia and parkinsonism.

Targeting liver and adipose tissue in obese mice: Effects of a N-acylethanolamine mixture on insulin resistance and adipocyte reprogramming.

N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are endogenous lipid-signalling molecules involved in inflammation and energy metabolism. The potential pharmacological effect of NAE association in managing inflammation-based metabolic disorders is unexplored. To date, targeting liver-adipose axis can be considered a therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity and related dysfunctions.

Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of β-Alkenyl-Substituted BODIPY Dyes by Indium(III)-Catalyzed Intermolecular Alkyne Hydroarylation.

A new atom-economical synthesis of β-alkenyl-substituted BODIPYs via indium(III)-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne hydroarylation with -substituted BODIPYs is described. While catalysis with InI allows the double β-functionalization of BODIPY, resulting in regioselectively branched β,β'-disubstituted alkenyl BODIPYs, catalytic InCl enables the formation of linear β-substituted alkenyl BODIPYs. Subsequent In(III)-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne hydroarylation allows the synthesis of unsymmetrical - BODIPY derivatives.

Olecranon fossa osteoid osteoma excision through arthroscopy: surgical technique.

In the elbow joint, occurrences of intra-articular osteoid osteoma are uncommon. We detail the case of a 21-year-old male who experienced pain, inflammation, and a restricted ability to move his elbow. For a few months, the diagnoses was missed and the patient was treated for idiopathic synovitis.

Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and glucose metabolism remains controversial. This study investigates the relationship between OSA and incident type 2 diabetes (DM) and prediabetes (preDM), as well as the effect of long-term CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) treatment.

Methods: Follow-up study in a retrospective clinical cohort of patients with OSA and randomly selected controls.

Reflective Teaching Journals as an Effective Embedded Formative Assessment Process of Teaching Skill Development Confidence in a Longitudinal Medical Student-as-Teacher Elective.

Background: This study focuses on the use of reflective teaching journals by fourth year US allopathic medical school students (MS4) during a longitudinal medical student-as-teacher (SaT) elective, and how MS4s self-assess their perceptions around teacher skill development and individual transitions into resident educators who teach junior learners.

Method: Between September 2020 and December 2020, twelve MS4s in a longitudinal SaT elective completed 21 hours in a clinical bedside student teaching placement with embedded structured reflective teaching journals. Sixty-nine individual reflective teaching journal entries were collected in two distinct stages and analyzed using a phenomenographical lens.

Oleoylethanolamide attenuates acute-to-chronic kidney injury: in vivo and in vitro evidence of PPAR-α involvement.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) development after acute kidney injury (AKI) involves multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and extracellular matrix deposition, leading to progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Recently, a central role for peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α has been addressed in preserving kidney function during AKI. Among endogenous lipid mediators, oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a PPAR-α agonist, has been studied for its metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Effects of Deposition Temperature and Working Pressure on the Thermal and Nanomechanical Performances of Stoichiometric CuN: An Adaptable Material for Photovoltaic Applications.

The pursuit of efficient, profitable, and ecofriendly materials has defined solar cell research from its inception to today. Some materials, such as copper nitride (CuN), show great promise for promoting sustainable solar technologies. This study employed reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering using a pure nitrogen environment to fabricate quality CuN thin films to evaluate how both temperature and gas working pressure affect their solar absorption capabilities.

Usefulness of a predictive model to hospitalize patients with low-risk community-acquired pneumonia.

Introduction: A high proportion of patients with low-risk community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (classes I-III of the Pneumonia Severity Index) are hospitalized. The purpose of this study was to determine whether validated severity scales are used in clinical practice to make admission decisions, identify the variables that influence this decision, and evaluate the potential predictive value of these variables.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, observational study of patients ≥ 18 years of age with a diagnosis of low-risk CAP hospitalized or referred from the Emergency Department to outpatient consultations.

Diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea: A case-control study.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are very prevalent diseases frequently associated. Their coexistence is independently associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities. As this association is underdiagnosed, it is necessary to optimise clinical suspicion by studying independent predictors of DM or prediabetes (preDM) in patients with OSA.

Palmitoylethanolamide counteracts high-fat diet-induced gut dysfunction by reprogramming microbiota composition and affecting tryptophan metabolism.

Obesity is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) tract and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. High-fat diet (HFD) feeding-induced obesity in mice induces dysbiosis, causing a shift toward bacteria-derived metabolites with detrimental effects on metabolism and inflammation: events often contributing to the onset and progression of both GI and CNS disorders. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator with beneficial effects in mouse models of GI and CNS disorders.