The Arterial System of the Fasciocutaneous Deltoid Flap Pedicle on 320-Detector Row Computed Tomography and Clinical Application in the Foot and Hand.

Background:  Fasciocutaneous free deltoid flaps are used to reconstruct hand, foot, and maxillofacial defects. Although anatomical studies of this flap pedicle have been performed on cadavers, there are no reports on the use of 320-detector row computed tomography angiography (CTA-320) to investigate the deltoid flap pedicle in living humans. This study aimed to investigate the arterial characteristics of the deltoid flap pedicle using the CTA-320 system in living humans.

High Biocompatibility, MRI Enhancement, and Dual Chemo- and Thermal-Therapy of Curcumin-Encapsulated Alginate/FeO Nanoparticles.

(1) Background: Magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles have great potential for biomedical applications, including hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, we aimed to identify the biological activity of nanoconjugates composed of superparamagnetic FeO nanoparticles coated with alginate and curcumin (FeO/Cur@ALG) in cancer cells. (2) Methods: The nanoparticles were evaluated for the biocompatibility and toxicity on mice.

VinDr-Mammo: A large-scale benchmark dataset for computer-aided diagnosis in full-field digital mammography.

Mammography, or breast X-ray imaging, is the most widely used imaging modality to detect cancer and other breast diseases. Recent studies have shown that deep learning-based computer-assisted detection and diagnosis (CADe/x) tools have been developed to support physicians and improve the accuracy of interpreting mammography. A number of large-scale mammography datasets from different populations with various associated annotations and clinical data have been introduced to study the potential of learning-based methods in the field of breast radiology.

Multifunctional nanocarriers of FeO@PLA-PEG/curcumin for MRI, magnetic hyperthermia and drug delivery.

Despite medicinal advances, cancer is still a big problem requiring better diagnostic and treatment tools. Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-based nanosystems for multiple-purpose applications were developed for these unmet needs. This study fabricated novel trifunctional MNPs of FeO@PLA-PEG for drug release, MRI and magnetic fluid hyperthermia.

Tracheal bronchus and associated pathologies detected by multidetector-row computed tomography in the Vietnamese population.

Tracheal bronchus (TB) is a very rare condition, which is often associated with some other pathologies. This study was designed to characterize the morphology of tracheal bronchus and associated pathologies in Vietnamese individuals using multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT). From August 2016 to February 2021, 16, 64-, and 128-detector-row computed tomography scanners were used to perform chest scans of 3663 patients, of whom 32 had tracheal bronchus and associated pathologies.

Primary cardiac epithelioid angiosarcoma: A case report.

Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is an extremely rare, high-grade malignancy. Here, we describe the case of a 44-year-old male patient with a heart tumor in the left atrium wall, which caused a large amount of pericardial effusion that invaded the surrounding area and is visible on transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The postoperative histopathological results confirmed this case as a primary cardiac epithelioid angiosarcoma.

VinDr-CXR: An open dataset of chest X-rays with radiologist's annotations.

Most of the existing chest X-ray datasets include labels from a list of findings without specifying their locations on the radiographs. This limits the development of machine learning algorithms for the detection and localization of chest abnormalities. In this work, we describe a dataset of more than 100,000 chest X-ray scans that were retrospectively collected from two major hospitals in Vietnam.

The compensatory reserve index predicts recurrent shock in patients with severe dengue.

Background: Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) is one of the major clinical phenotypes of severe dengue. It is defined by significant plasma leak, leading to intravascular volume depletion and eventually cardiovascular collapse. The compensatory reserve Index (CRI) is a new physiological parameter, derived from feature analysis of the pulse arterial waveform that tracks real-time changes in central volume.

Using 320-detector row computed tomography angiography to investigate the arterial anatomy of the toe flaps on living humans.

Purpose: Using 320-detector row computed tomography angiography (320-CTA) to investigate the arterial supply for the toe flaps, namely the anatomical characteristics of the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA), the first dorsal metatarsal artery (FDMA), and the arteries of the first toe web space (AsFTWS).

Methods: This was a prospective study on CTA of 72 intact feet of 36 Vietnamese adults who had sequelae of thumb or metacarpal hand amputation, from June 2017 to December 2019, then preoperative CTA images were compared with surgical findings on 31 feet of 29 patients.

Results: 320-CTA was able to investigate the DPA, FDMA, and AsFTWS in 100% of cases.

Anatomical Characteristics of Thalamus-Cortical Sensory Tract in the Human Brain Using Diffusion Tensor Tractography at 3.0 Tesla Scanner.

Background: Our knowledge about characteristics of the thalamocortical tract (THT) according to the cerebral origin is still few of studies about this structure on Vietnamese.

Aim: Here, we aim to characterise the morphology of the thalamocortical tract in the human brain using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) at 3.0 tesla scanner.

How detrimental is reexploration for bleeding after cardiac surgery?

Objective: To establish the risk factors and impact of reexploration for bleeding in a large modern cardiac surgical cohort.

Methods: At a tertiary referral center, baseline, index procedural, reexploration, outcome, and readmission characteristics of 16,793 consecutive adult cardiac surgery patients were prospectively entered into dedicated clinical databases. Correlates of reexploration for bleeding, as well as its association with outcomes and readmission, were examined with multivariable regression models.

Intravenous magnesium sulfate for the management of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease with autonomic nervous system dysregulation in Vietnamese children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Over the last 15 years, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has emerged as a major public health burden across the Asia-Pacific region. A small proportion of HFMD patients, typically those infected with enterovirus 71 (EV71), develop brainstem encephalitis with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation and may progress rapidly to cardiopulmonary failure and death. Although milrinone has been reported to control hypertension and support myocardial function in two small studies, in practice, a number of children still deteriorate despite this treatment.

Lovastatin for the Treatment of Adult Patients With Dengue: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Dengue endangers billions of people in the tropical world, yet no therapeutic is currently available. In part, the severe manifestations of dengue reflect inflammatory processes affecting the vascular endothelium. In addition to lipid lowering, statins have pleiotropic effects that improve endothelial function, and epidemiological studies suggest that outcomes from a range of acute inflammatory syndromes are improved in patients already on statin therapy.

Preoperative anaemia is a risk factor for mortality and morbidity following aortic valve surgery.

Objectives: The impact of anaemia on patients undergoing aortic valve surgery has not been well studied. We sought to evaluate the effect of anaemia on early outcomes following aortic valve replacement (AVR).

Methods: All patients undergoing non-emergent aortic valve surgery (n = 2698) with or without other concomitant procedures between 1997 and 2010 were included.

Cerebral microembolization after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement: comparison of warfarin plus aspirin versus aspirin only.

Background: No human physiological data exists on whether aspirin only is as effective as warfarin plus aspirin in preventing cerebral microembolization in the early postoperative period after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (bAVR).

Methods And Results: We prospectively enrolled 56 patients who had no other indication for oral anticoagulation, who underwent bAVR and received, in an open-label fashion, either daily warfarin (for INR 2.0-3.

Paradigm of genetic mosaicism and lone atrial fibrillation: physiological characterization of a connexin 43-deletion mutant identified from atrial tissue.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia observed in otherwise healthy individuals. Most lone AF cases are nonfamilial, leading to the assumption that a primary genetic origin is unlikely. In this study, we provide data supporting a novel paradigm that atrial tissue-specific genetic defects may be associated with sporadic cases of lone AF.

Gain-of-function mutation of Nav1.5 in atrial fibrillation enhances cellular excitability and lowers the threshold for action potential firing.

Genetic mutations of the cardiac sodium channel (SCN5A) specific only to the phenotype of atrial fibrillation have recently been described. However, data on the biophysical properties of SCN5A variants associated with atrial fibrillation are scarce. In a mother and son with lone atrial fibrillation, we identified a novel SCN5A coding variant, K1493R, which altered a highly conserved residue in the DIII-IV linker and was located six amino acids downstream from the fast inactivation motif of sodium channels.

Very long-term survival implications of heart valve replacement with tissue versus mechanical prostheses in adults <60 years of age.

Background: Several centers favor replacing a diseased native heart valve with a tissue rather than a mechanical prosthesis, even in younger adult patients. However, long-term data supporting this approach are lacking. We examined the survival implications of selecting a tissue versus a mechanical prosthesis at initial left-heart valve replacement in a cohort of adults <60 years of age who were followed for over 20 years.

Skeletonized internal thoracic artery harvest reduces pain and dysesthesia and improves sternal perfusion after coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized, double-blind, within-patient comparison.

Background: Observational studies suggest that skeletonization of the internal thoracic artery (ITA) can improve conduit flow and length and reduce deep sternal infections and postoperative pain. We performed a randomized, double-blind, within-patient comparison of skeletonized and nonskeletonized ITAs in patients undergoing coronary surgery.

Methods And Results: Patients (n = 48) undergoing bilateral ITA harvest were randomized to receive 1 skeletonized and 1 nonskeletonized ITA.

Combined atrial fibrillation ablation with mitral valve surgery.

Background And Aim Of The Study: The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy and outcome of radiofrequency (RF) atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in patients undergoing mitral valve (MV) surgery.

Methods: Between March 2002 and December 2004, 61 patients (mean age 65.4 +/- 10 years) underwent isolated endo-left atrial AF ablation using a unipolar RF device (Cardioblate; Medtronic, USA) in conjunction with 34 MV repairs and 27 MV replacements.

The internal thoracic artery skeletonization study: a paired, within-patient comparison [NCT00265499].

Background: Traditional harvesting of the internal thoracic artery (ITA) for use as a conduit in coronary bypass surgery involves the dissection of a rim of tissue surrounding the artery on either side. Recent studies, primarily observational, have suggested that skeletonization of the ITA can improve conduit flow, increase length, and reduce the risk of deep sternal infection in high risk patients. Furthermore, skeletonization of the ITA can potentially preserve intercostal nerves and reduce post-operative pain and dysesthesias associated with ITA harvesting.

Left Ventricular Assist Devices for the Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure.

The mainstay of heart failure therapy is aggressive medical management with consideration of resynchronization therapy and automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. This is best done with the support of a multidisciplinary team. Transplantation, when possible, remains the therapy of choice for patients who are refractory to medical therapy.

Late incidence and predictors of persistent or recurrent heart failure in patients with aortic prosthetic valves.

Background: We examined factors associated with persistent or recurrent congestive heart failure after aortic valve replacement.

Methods: Patients who underwent aortic valve replacement with contemporary prostheses (n = 1563) were followed up with annual clinical assessment and echocardiography. The effect of demographic, comorbid, and valve-related variables on the composite outcome of New York Heart Association class III or IV symptoms or congestive heart failure death after surgery was evaluated with stratified log-rank tests, Cox proportional hazard models, and logistic regression.

Human cortical response to incoherent motion on a background of coherent motion.

To investigate whether humans achieve a high sensitivity to coherent motion by excluding the response to incoherent motion, we measured the magnetoencephalographic response to the motion of randomly located dots one half of which moved coherently while the other half moved incoherently. The response was related to the faster motion of either coherent or incoherent motion though the observers saw both. All the estimated response sources were within the extrastriate area.