Efficacy of smoking cessation intervention delivered through mobile tele-counseling among smokers with tuberculosis in a Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program.

Background: India has high burden of tuberculosis and smokers. Prevalence of tuberculosis is three times higher in smokers than non-smokers. Active smoking causes severe disease, delay in seeking treatment, lost to treatment follow up, delayed sputum conversion and drug resistance.

Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation in Patients with Stable Biomass Smoke- versus Tobacco Smoke-Associated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease with predominant involvement of neutrophils, macrophages and CD8+ lymphocytes. Eosinophilic airway inflammations are reported in stable state and during acute exacerbations of tobacco smoke-associated COPD (TS-COPD). Women exposed to biomass fuel smoke are known to have eosinophils in sputum.

Developing knowledge and clinical competency in a respiratory system-based practice of final-year medical students through a novel structured bedside teaching module.

Background: Respiratory diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. A sound knowledge of management of respiratory diseases is thus very vital. The clinical exposure of undergraduate medical students is limited to 2 weeks in pulmonary medicine.

Small airway imaging phenotypes in biomass- and tobacco smoke-exposed patients with COPD.

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The success and safety profile of sputum induction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An Indian experience.

Background: Neutrophilic inflammation is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease while Asthma COPD overlap syndrome has eosinophilic predominance. Identifying the type of inflammation will aid in better management of COPD, but published studies show that induced sputum examination is more frequently used in asthma than COPD, with safety being the limiting factor. We aimed to determine the success and safety of sputum induction (SI) in COPD patients.

Quantitative computed tomography imaging in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease having small airway inflammation, emphysema, and pulmonary hypertension. It is now clear that spirometry alone cannot differentiate each component. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is increasingly used to quantify the amount of emphysema and small airway involvement in COPD.

Reference Equation for Six Minute Walk Test in Healthy Western India Population.

Introduction: The Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is used to assess disease progression and survival in chronic cardiopulmonary disorders. However, variability is noted in the six minute walk test distance (6MWD) in different populations.

Aim: We aimed to develop a reference equation for 6MWD in healthy Western India population and compare the results with previously published Indian and Caucasian reference equations.

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in a Housewife Exposed to Aspergillus flavus in Poor Living Conditions: A Case Report.

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) or Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (EAA) is a disease resulting from immunologically induced inflammation in response to inhalation of a wide variety of airborne allergens. The condition develops mainly in non atopic individuals sensitized to organic dust due to repeated exposures. It is a relatively rare disease constituting upto 2% of interstitial lung diseases.

Quantification of Emphysema in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Volumetric Computed Tomography of Lung.

Background And Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with small airway inflammation and emphysema. Emphysema is permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls. These morphological changes can be studied on quantitative computed tomography (CT).

Role of Semi-quantitative Serum Procalcitonin in Assessing Prognosis of Community Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Compared to PORT PSI, CURB-65 and CRB-65.

Introduction: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is one of the commonest causes of patient's visit to the Emergency Room (ER). Hospitalisation of patient depends on severity of pneumonia. Various pneumonia severity assessment scores are available to predict mortality in community acquired pneumonia but these scores are not commonly used.

Rare interstitial lung disease: Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a young non smoking Indian female.

Adult Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare interstitial lung disease which occurs almost exclusively in smokers. A marked male predominance was initially reported, but recent studies show both men and women are equally affected due to the increasing smoking habits in women. The natural history is variable with 25% of patients having asymptomatic disease while 10-20% progress rapidly to respiratory insufficiency and death.