Comparison of photocatalysis and photolysis of 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47): Operational parameters, kinetic studies, and data validation using three modern machine learning models.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are halogenated organic compounds that are among the major pollutants of water, and there is an urgent need for their removal. This work compared the application of two techniques, i.e.

Recent developments in photocatalysis of industrial effluents ։ A review and example of phenolic compounds degradation.

Industrial expansion and increased water consumption have created water scarcity concerns. Meanwhile, conventional wastewater purification methods have failed to degrade recalcitrant pollutants efficiently. The present review paper discusses the recent advances and challenges in photocatalytic processes applied for industrial effluents treatment, with respect to phenolic compounds degradation.

Start-up of oxygen-limited autotrophic partial nitrification-anammox process for treatment of nitrite-free wastewater in a single-stage hybrid bioreactor.

This study presents effective ammonium removal from nitrite-free ammonium-rich synthetic wastewater through combined partial nitrification (PN) and anammox processes in a multi-zone hybrid airlift bioreactor (BioCAST). Removal efficiencies of ammonia-nitrogen and total nitrogen up to 85.6% and 81.

Pilot-scale application of a single-stage hybrid airlift BioCAST bioreactor for treatment of ammonium from nitrite-limited wastewater by a partial nitrification/anammox process.

This paper presents the treatment of a nitrite-limited wastewater by partial nitrification/anammox process under different dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of < 1.2 mg/L, < 0.5 mg/L, and 0 mg/L, and at temperatures of 35 to 27 °C in a pilot-scale single-stage hybrid bioreactor (BioCAST).

Sonocatalytic removal of ampicillin by Zn(OH)F: Effect of operating parameters, toxicological evaluation and by-products identification.

Zinc hydroxyfluoride (Zn(OH)F) sonocatalyst was prepared by using solvothermal method and was characterized by using various techniques. The sonocatalytic degradation of ampicillin (AMP) in water by sonolysis, bare ZnO and Zn(OH)F was investigated in terms of AMP removal, mineralization, detoxification of solution, and remaining by-products at the end of process. Results revealed that the sonocatalytic performance of Zn(OH)F was significantly greater than that of bare ZnO.

Photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole by hierarchical magnetic ZnO@g-CN: RSM optimization, kinetic study, reaction pathway and toxicity evaluation.

The degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by a synthesized hierarchical magnetic zinc oxide based composite ZnO@g-CN (FZG) was examined. Hierarchical FZG was synthesized by using FeO nanoparticle as the magnetic core and urea as the precursor for in situ growth of g-CN on the surface of petal-like ZnO. The effect of catalyst dosage (0.

Hierarchical magnetic petal-like FeO-ZnO@g-CN for removal of sulfamethoxazole, suppression of photocorrosion, by-products identification and toxicity assessment.

Herein, a petal-like photocatalyst, FeO-ZnO@g-CN (FZG) with different g-CN to ZnO ratios was synthesized with hierarchical structure. The FZG1 photocatalyst, having the weight ratio of 1:1 for the initial urea and FeO-ZnO (Fe-ZnO), presented the highest sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation rate of 0.0351 (min), which was 2.

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole by zinc oxide photocatalyst in the presence of fluoride ions: Optimization of parameters and toxicological evaluation.

The presence of antibiotics in water bodies has received increasing attention since they are continuously introduced and detected in the environment and may cause unpredictable environmental hazards and risks. The photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by ZnO in the presence of fluoride ions (F-ZnO) was evaluated. The effects of operating parameters on the efficiency of SMX removal were investigated by using response surface methodology (RSM).

Removal of pharmaceuticals from water by homo/heterogonous Fenton-type processes - A review.

The presence of emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals in natural waters has raised increasing concern due to their frequent appearance and persistence in the aquatic ecosystem and the threat to health and safety of aquatic life, even at trace concentrations. Conventional water treatment processes are known to be generally inadequate for the elimination of these persistent contaminants. Therefore, the use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) which are able to efficiently oxidize organic pollutants has attracted a great amount of attention.

Wastewater treatment in the pulp-and-paper industry: A review of treatment processes and the associated greenhouse gas emission.

Pulp-and-paper mills produce various types of contaminants and a significant amount of wastewater depending on the type of processes used in the plant. Since the generated wastewaters can be potentially polluting and very dangerous, they should be treated in wastewater treatment plants before being released to the environment. This paper reviews different wastewater treatment processes used in the pulp-and-paper industry and compares them with respect to their contaminant removal efficiencies and the extent of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission.

Removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from the separated liquid phase of hog manure by the multi-zone BioCAST technology.

The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) at concentrations of 960 ± 38 to 2400 ± 96 mg/L, 143 ± 9 to 235 ± 15 mg/L and 25 ± 2 to 57 ± 4 mg/L, respectively, from the separated liquid phase of hog manure by the multi-zone BioCAST technology is discussed. Despite the inhibitory effect of hog waste toward microbial activities, removal efficiencies up to 89.2% for COD, 69.

Application of dynamic models to estimate greenhouse gas emission by wastewater treatment plants of the pulp and paper industry.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in wastewater treatment plants of the pulp-and-paper industry was estimated by using a dynamic mathematical model. Significant variations were shown in the magnitude of GHG generation in response to variations in operating parameters, demonstrating the limited capacity of steady-state models in predicting the time-dependent emissions of these harmful gases. The examined treatment systems used aerobic, anaerobic, and hybrid-anaerobic/aerobic-biological processes along with chemical coagulation/flocculation, anaerobic digester, nitrification and denitrification processes, and biogas recovery.

Hydrodynamic characteristics and overall volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient of a new multi-environment bioreactor.

The hydrodynamic characteristics and the overall volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient of a new multi-environment bioreactor which is an integrated part of a wastewater treatment system, called BioCAST, were studied. This bioreactor contains several zones with different environmental conditions including aerobic, microaerophilic and anoxic, designed to increase the contaminant removal capacity of the treatment system. The multi-environment bioreactor is designed based on the concept of airlift reactors where liquid is circulated through the zones with different environmental conditions.

Mixing characteristics and liquid circulation in a new multi-environment bioreactor.

The theoretical and experimental aspects of the hydrodynamics and mixing in a new multi-environment bioreactor that uses the air-lift design were investigated. This study focused on the mixing characteristics, residence time distribution, liquid circulation between three zones of aerobic, microaerophilic and anoxic, and liquid displacement in the bioreactor at influent flow rates of 720-1,450 L/day and air flow rates of 15-45 L/min. The theoretical analysis of liquid displacement led to the estimation of the specific rate of liquid discharge from the bioreactor at any given influent flow rate, and the number of liquid circulations between various bioreactor zones before the discharge of a given quantity of wastewater.

Development of biofilm on geotextile in a new multi-zone wastewater treatment system for simultaneous removal of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus.

This study investigated the formation and evolution of biofilm on a fixed cylindrical structure wrapped in geotextile, in a multi-zone wastewater treatment system called BioCAST. The organic, nitrogen and phosphorus loading rates of (OLR) 0.95-1.

Removal of pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene from contaminated water by sequential and simultaneous ozonation and biotreatment.

The removal of pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene from contaminated water by sequential and simultaneous ozonation-bioremediation techniques was investigated. During the sequential treatment, ozonation using 0.5 or 2.

Effects of surfactant and temperature on biotransformation kinetics of anthracene and pyrene.

The biotransformation and mineralization of a mixture of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), anthracene and pyrene, which are known contaminants of soil and groundwater, by an enrichment culture in the presence or absence of 100 mg l(-1) Tergitol NP-10, a non-ionic surfactant, and at temperatures of 10 degrees C and 25 degrees C were investigated. The overall biotransformation of 2 mg l(-1) total PAHs with free cell suspensions in batch culture was greater than 97.2% at both examined temperatures.

Kinetics of benzene biotransformation under microaerophilic and oxygen-limited conditions.

A special microbial consortium adapted to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons at limited availability of oxygen, transformed benzene, a highly toxic and carcinogenic contaminant of groundwater and soil, at low initial dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of 0.05-2 mg/L. The employed initial concentrations of dissolved oxygen were considerably lower than the previously reported values.