Antinociceptive, antineuropathic, and antimigraine-like activities ofFritillariaimperialis L. rich in verticinone on rats: Mechanisms of action.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Fritillaria imperialis L. (Fabaceae), commonly known as "Laleh vazhgon", ethnomedicinally utilized in Iranian traditional medicine to treat joint pain, chronic daily headaches, and back pain.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the antinociceptive, anti-neuropathic, and anti-migraine activities of Fritillaria imperialis bulbs essential oil (FIEO) as well as to uncover the potential mechanisms of action involved.