Interventional radiology procedures, facilities, and workforce across England and Wales: a snapshot retrospective evaluation from 2017 to 2021.

Aims: There is no comprehensive data collection outlining the numbers and types of interventional radiology (IR) procedures in the United Kingdom. Similarly, limited data are available on the IR facilities and workforce within the National Health Services (NHS) trusts. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the number/type of IR procedures, facilities, and workforces across England and Wales.

Utilisation of a balloon-mounted coronary stent in the treatment of a patient with petrous carotid artery dissection.

A man in his 50s presented with acute left-sided weakness, facial drooping and slurred speech, suggestive of a major stroke. Imaging revealed a complete blockage in the right internal carotid artery (ICA) due to dissection. Perfusion studies showed a significant area at risk of infarction.

National UK Survey of Radiation Doses During Endovascular Aortic Interventions.

Purpose: Endovascular aortic repair (EAR) interventions, endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), are associated with significant radiation exposures. We aimed to investigate the radiation doses from real-world practice and propose diagnostic reference level (DRL) for the UK.

Materials And Methods: Radiation data and essential demographics were retrospectively collected from 24 vascular and interventional radiology centres in the UK for all patients undergoing EAR-standard EVAR or complex, branched/fenestrated (BEVAR/FEVAR), and TEVAR-between 2018 and 2021.

Evaluation of learning and exposure in the undergraduate interventional radiology curriculum (ELIXIR).

Aim: To gauge current final year medical students' exposure to interventional radiology (IR)and assess their perceptions of IR as a prospective career option.

Materials And Methods: An online questionnaire comprising of questions that gauge final-year medical students' understanding of and exposure to IR based on the recommendations set out by the British Society of Interventional Radiology (BSIR), was sent out to final-year students across 34 UK medical schools.

Results: Five hundred and ten responses were collected from 33 out of 34 eligible medical schools.

Prophylactic Uterine Artery Embolization in Placenta Accreta Spectrum-An Active Intervention to Reduce Morbidity and Promote Uterine Preservation.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of early and proactive involvement of interventional radiology (IR) in the management of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) by performing the cesarean operation and prophylactic uterine artery embolization in the IR angiography suite as a combined procedure.

Materials And Methods: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of prophylactic uterine artery embolization prior to placental separation in cases of antenatally proven or suspected abnormal placentation. Over a 5-year period, 16 consecutive patients with PAS underwent combined IR and obstetric intervention.

Developing day-case units: imperative for optimal patient care in interventional radiology.

As interventional radiology (IR) treatments have evolved, they have become less invasive, enabling rapid recovery, which expedites ambulation and promotes same-day discharge. As a result of this, a significant proportion of IR elective work can be provided using a day-case service model. Reconfiguration of IR services to increase day-case procedures using a dedicated IR day-case unit (RDU) to facilitate the passage of patients is vital to ensure best medical practice.

The current status of interventional radiology in the undergraduate medical curriculum and the way forward.

Interventional radiology (IR) is underrepresented in undergraduate medical school curricula. Despite the introduction of a suggested undergraduate curriculum for IR by the British Society of Interventional Radiology (BSIR), current evidence suggests there is inadequate knowledge and awareness of IR amongst medical students. As a result of this, there is a lack of visibility of the subspeciality amongst medical students and junior doctors contributing to the shortage of IR trainees resulting in an IR workforce crisis in the UK.

Free gracilis end-to-side microanastomosis to a peronea arteria magna: a case report.

Background: Complex orthoplastic lower limb trauma in individuals with multiple injuries requires considerable resources and interdisciplinary collaboration for good outcomes. We present the first reported end-to-side free flap microanastomosis for lower limb trauma reconstruction involving a peronea arteria magna without radiographic collaterals.

Case Presentation: A 55-year-old Caucasian gentleman involved in road traffic collision sustained an open tibial fracture on the anteromedial distal third of the left lower leg with local degloving and a subtotal right foot and ankle degloving.

The Status of Interventional Radiology as a Specialty among Medical Students in India-Knowledge, Interest, and Exposure.

Interventional radiology (IR) is a young medical specialty where image guidance is utilized in minimally invasive procedures as a treatment option and/or as a diagnostic tool. There is an exponential increase in awareness and interest in IR amongst medical students. This trend is continuing despite lack of proportionate representation of IR in the current medical curriculum.

A multicenter randomized controlled trial indicates that paclitaxel-coated balloons provide no benefit for arteriovenous fistulas.

The role of paclitaxel-coated balloons has been established in the coronary and peripheral arterial circulations with recent interest in the use of paclitaxel-coated balloons to improve patency rates following angioplasty of arteriovenous fistulas. To assess the efficacy of paclitaxel-coated angioplasty balloons to prolong the survival time of target lesion primary patency in arteriovenous fistulas, we designed an investigator-led multi-center randomized controlled trial with follow up time variable for a minimum of one year. Patients with an arteriovenous fistula who were undergoing an angioplasty for a clinical indication were included but patients with one or more lesions outside the treatment segment were excluded.

Pre-emptive Quality Control of a Misfolded Membrane Protein by Ribosome-Driven Effects.

Cells possess multiple mechanisms that protect against the accumulation of toxic aggregation-prone proteins. Here, we identify a pre-emptive pathway that reduces synthesis of membrane proteins that have failed to properly assemble in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We show that loss of the ER membrane complex (EMC) or mutation of the Sec61 translocon causes reduced synthesis of misfolded forms of the yeast ABC transporter Yor1.

Iliac Fenestration-An Alternative Endovascular Option for Common Iliac Aneurysms.

We report the use of manufacturer-customized fenestrated iliac stent grafts to treat common iliac artery aneurysms (CIAAs) in patients with challenging iliac anatomy, unsuitable for iliac branched devices (IBDs). A 71-year-old woman presented with bilateral CIAAs measuring 44 mm and 29 mm and a perivisceral abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The second patient, a 72-year-old male, had a 42-mm CIAA and an AAA, which expanded to 50 mm during the short-term follow-up.

Utilisation of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the assessment of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap for breast reconstruction surgery.

Aim: To identify and characterise the ideal-sized (defined as at least 2.7 mm based on the experience of plastic surgeons at Hull Royal Infirmary) perforators using magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The study also evaluated a presumption that perforators on the left are generally larger than on the right.

Sec24 phosphorylation regulates autophagosome abundance during nutrient deprivation.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-derived COPII coated vesicles constitutively transport secretory cargo to the Golgi. However, during starvation-induced stress, COPII vesicles have been implicated as a membrane source for autophagosomes, distinct organelles that engulf cellular components for degradation by macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy). How cells regulate core trafficking machinery to fulfill dramatically different cellular roles in response to environmental cues is unknown.

The role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging in the follow-up of patients post-endovascular aneurysm repair.

Endovascular aneurysm repair is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Patients who undergo endovascular aneurysm repair are potentially at risk of developing problems related to the graft such as the development of endoleaks. Endoleaks can cause expansion of the aneurysmal sac, which can potentially lead to rupture.

Galectin-3 drives glycosphingolipid-dependent biogenesis of clathrin-independent carriers.

Several cell surface molecules including signalling receptors are internalized by clathrin-independent endocytosis. How this process is initiated, how cargo proteins are sorted and membranes are bent remains unknown. Here, we found that a carbohydrate-binding protein, galectin-3 (Gal3), triggered the glycosphingolipid (GSL)-dependent biogenesis of a morphologically distinct class of endocytic structures, termed clathrin-independent carriers (CLICs).

Ruptured AAA: suitability for endovascular repair is associated with lower mortality following open repair.

Objectives: Perioperative mortality of open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) remains unacceptably high: 30-day mortality ≈ 40 %. This study aimed to assess, quantify, and determine the consequences of anatomic suitability for endovascular repair of rAAA.

Design: A retrospective analysis of the prospectively maintained database identified patients with rAAA.