Protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors: a patent review and update (2012-2023).

Introduction: Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), essential and evolutionarily highly conserved enzymes, govern cellular functions by modulating tyrosine phosphorylation, a pivotal post-translational modification for signal transduction. The recent strides in phosphatase drug discovery, leading to the identification of selective modulators for enzymes, restoring interest in the therapeutic targeting of protein phosphatases.

Areas Covered: The compilation of patents up to the year 2023 focuses on the efficacy of various classes of Tyrosine phosphatases and their inhibitors, detailing their chemical structure and biochemical characteristics.

An update on ATP synthase inhibitors: A unique target for drug development in M. tuberculosis.

ATP synthase is a key protein in the oxidative phosphorylation process, as it aids in the effective production of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) in all life's of kingdoms. ATP synthases have distinctive properties that contribute to efficient ATP synthesis. The ATP synthase of mycobacterium is of special relevance since it has been identified as a target for potential anti-TB molecules, especially Bedaquiline (BDQ).