Targeting ABCD1-ACOX1-MET/IGF1R axis suppresses multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematological malignancy that necessitates the identification of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we report that intracellular levels of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) control the cytotoxicity of MM chemotherapeutic agents. Inhibition of VLCFA biosynthesis reduced cell death in MM cells caused by the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib.

Neglected Bilateral Shaft Femur Fracture - - A Case Report.

Introduction: Most patients with these injuries are taken to hospitals frequently for specialized orthopedic treatment. However, because quackery is a common practice in the many regions, it is common in underdeveloped nations, particularly in rural India, for these injuries to be initially overlooked. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of open intramedullary nailing in the treatment of patients with neglected bilateral fracture shaft femurs in terms of union achievement and functional outcomes.

Bilaterally Symmetrical Serratia Osteomyelitis of Distal Third Radius in an Adolescent Female with Sickle Cell Disease: A Rare Case Report.

Introduction: Osteomyelitis as a condition in adolescents is difficult to diagnose as it is. In patients with sickle cell disease, the diagnosis is even more difficult due to the occurrence of Vaso occlusive crisis which being the most common acute clinical manifestation of sickle cell disease in bone may mimic osteomyelitis. No single clinical presentation, laboratory result, or imaging finding can definitively distinguish these diagnoses.

Exploring the therapeutic mechanisms of millet in obesity through molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, and dynamic simulation.

Obesity, a prevalent global health concern, is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, which confers significant nutritional and health risks, including a shortened lifespan and diminished wellbeing. Central to the regulation of energy balance and food intake is the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein, which modulates the interplay between caloric consumption and energy expenditure. Given its pivotal role in obesity regulation, the identification of effective inhibitors targeting the FTO protein is imperative for developing therapeutic interventions.

Bilateral fracture of anterior tibial tuberosity with complete patellar tendon rupture in an adolescent patient.

Anterior tibial tuberosity fracture avulsion is an uncommon injury. A concomitant patellar rupture is even more scarcely encountered. We report the case of a 14-year-old male patient who suffered bilateral anterior tuberosity fractures with concomitant bilateral complete patellar tendon rupture.

Comparative analysis of the quality of the cement mantle in hip hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck fracture between three different surgical approaches: a single-center retrospective observational study.

Purpose: Achieving the initial stability of implants is necessary for hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA), especially in elderly patients, and this can be achieved with a cement mantle of quality. The direct anterior approach (DAA) for HHA lately has shown positive results. However, evidence is lacking of HHA in elderly patients with osteoporosis after femoral neck fracture (FNF).

Acute cardiovascular effects of 4th generation electronic cigarettes and combusted cigarettes: implications for harm reduction.

The health consequences associated with using electronic cigarettes (ECs) are of great public interest because of their potential role in smoking cessation. In 110 participants, including 41 nonusers, 34 people who exclusively use ECs (EC group), and 35 people who smoke tobacco cigarettes (TCs) including 12 dual users (collectively called the TC-D group), the heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate variability (HRV) were compared at baseline. People in the EC or the TC-D groups were also compared after using a 4th generation EC with or without nicotine, a TC with or without nicotine (TC-D group only), and a straw-control.

Etiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns in chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia: an 11-year clinical experience.

Purpose: To analyze changes in tendency of etiology and of antimicrobial resistance patterns to most common local and systemic antibiotics in chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia (COM-T) in a Level I trauma center over an 11-year period.

Methods: A retrospective review including all patients with COM-T who were surgically treated from January 2009 to December 2019. Patients were divided into two period groups: 2009-2014 and 2015-2019.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Oral and Intramuscular Administration of Dexamethasone on Postoperative Pain, Swelling, and Trismus After Surgical Removal of Impacted Third Molar: A Comparative Split-Mouth Study.

Context Over the past 60 years, several researchers have conducted extensive studies on the use of dexamethasone to reduce the postoperative complications of lower third molar surgery, namely, pain, edema, and trismus. In this study, we compared the oral and intramuscular methods of dexamethasone administration. Purpose The aim of this research was to assess pain, edema, and trismus in the postoperative period following the surgical removal of the lower third molar using 8 mg of dexamethasone given orally or by intramuscular injection.

Evaluation of the Effect of Distant Cold Stimulation on Pain During Palatal Injection: A Randomized Split-Mouth Study.

Objective Delivery of a robust local anesthetic injection aids in the successful management of all patients' fears, anxieties, and discomfort during dental treatments. The most expected or frightening stimuli in the dental operatory are local anesthetic injections. The objective of this trial was to study the analgesic efficacy of distant cold stimulation in relieving injection pain from the greater palatine nerve block.

Electronic cigarettes prolong ventricular repolarization in people who smoke tobacco cigarettes: implications for harm reduction.

Electronic cigarettes are often used for smoking cessation as a harm reduction strategy, but studies comparing risks of electronic cigarettes (ECs) and tobacco cigarettes (TCs) are scarce. Ventricular repolarization in people who smoke TCs is abnormal. Baseline repolarization was compared among nonusers (people who do not use TCs or ECs) and people who use ECs or TCs.

Total hip arthroplasty associated with transverse subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy and conical stem fixation in Crowe type IV hip dysplasia.

Purpose: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in high-dislocated hip dysplasia is a surgical challenge, presenting difficulties in the biomechanical reconstruction of the hip. The purpose of the present study is to analyze clinical and radiological outcomes of a series of patients with Crowe type IV hip dysplasia who underwent a THA with transverse subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy and conical stem fixation in our Hip surgery unit.

Methods: This non-interventional retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with Crowe type IV hip dysplasia who underwent a THA using a subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy and uncemented conical stem fixation between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2015.

Women engagement in agriculture and human capital development in developing countries: An African sub-regional analysis.

Considering the relevant role played by women in agriculture in Africa, this study sets out to examine how women's engagement in agriculture contributes to human capital development in selected African countries. The study engagedpanel data of selected 33 African countries spanning the period of 2000 to 2019. The study applied the Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) and the fixed effects based on the Hausman specification.

Is novel research worth doing? Evidence from peer review at 49 journals.

There are long-standing concerns that peer review, which is foundational to scientific institutions like journals and funding agencies, favors conservative ideas over novel ones. We investigate the association between novelty and the acceptance of manuscripts submitted to a large sample of scientific journals. The data cover 20,538 manuscripts submitted between 2013 and 2018 to the journals and and 6,785 manuscripts submitted in 2018 to 47 journals published by the .

Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation.

The evaluation and selection of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet there are persistent concerns about bias, such as conservatism. This paper investigates the role that the format of evaluation, specifically information sharing among expert evaluators, plays in generating conservative decisions. We executed two field experiments in two separate grant-funding opportunities at a leading research university, mobilizing 369 evaluators from seven universities to evaluate 97 projects, resulting in 761 proposal-evaluation pairs and more than $250,000 in awards.

The Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab in the Treatment of Crohn's Disease: Results From the SUCCESS Consortium.

Introduction: We evaluated the real-world effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab (UST) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: This study used a retrospective, multicenter, multinational consortium of UST-treated CD patients. Data included patient demographics, disease phenotype, disease activity, treatment history, and concomitant medications.

Optimizing ECG lead selection for detection of prolongation of ventricular repolarization as measured by the Tpeak-end interval.

Background: The Tpeak-end(Tp-e) has not been compared in all 12 ECG leads in healthy adults to determine if the Tp-e varies across leads. If there is variation, it remains uncertain, which lead(s) are preferred for recording in order to capture the maximal Tp-e value.

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to determine the optimal leads, if any, to capture the maximal Tp-e interval in healthy young adults.

Corticosteroid and Biologic Use Not Associated With Adverse Outcomes for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19.

Background: To date, studies investigating the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patient experience with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have consistently reported that the observed rate of COVID-19 within this population is similar to the general population. Limited research has suggested that corticosteroid use in the IBD population may be associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes, but it is still yet to be determined if specific IBD-related clinical factors are associated with worse outcomes. Our goal was to describe clinical COVID-19 outcomes for IBD patients and to identify the clinical factors that may be associated with worse outcomes.

Potentially long-lasting effects of the pandemic on scientists.

Two surveys of principal investigators conducted between April 2020 and January 2021 reveal that while the COVID-19 pandemic’s initial impacts on scientists’ research time seem alleviated, there has been a decline in the rate of initiating new projects. This dimension of impact disproportionately affects female scientists and those with young children and appears to be homogeneous across fields. These findings may have implications for understanding the long-term effects of the pandemic on scientific research.

Can we trust combined anteversion and Lewinnek safe zone to avoid hip prosthesis dislocation?

Introduction: Dislocation is one of the most common complications after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Combined anteversion (CA) is currently considered one of the most important measures of stability for THA. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the association between a correct CA after THA and hip prosthesis dislocation, and to analyze the reliability of the Lewinnek safe zone parameters.

Engineering serendipity: When does knowledge sharing lead to knowledge production?

Research Summary: We investigate how knowledge similarity between two individuals is systematically related to the likelihood that a serendipitous encounter results in knowledge production. We conduct a field experiment at a medical research symposium, where we exogenously varied opportunities for face-to-face encounters among 15,817 scientist-pairs. Our data include direct observations of interaction patterns collected using sociometric badges, and detailed, longitudinal data of the scientists' postsymposium publication records over 6 years.

Design, Syntheses, and Bioevaluations of Some Novel -Acryloylbenzohydrazides as Chemostimulants and Cytotoxic Agents.

A series of novel -acryloylhydrazides and a related series of compounds were prepared as potential chemostimulants. In general, these compounds are cytotoxic to human HCT 116 colon cancer cells, as well as human MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. A representative compound -(3,4-dimethoxyphenylcarbonyl)--acryloylhydrazine sensitized HCT 116 cells to the potent antineoplastic agent 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidone , and also to 5-fluorouracil.

Improving deconvolution methods in biology through open innovation competitions: an application to the connectivity map.

Motivation: Do machine learning methods improve standard deconvolution techniques for gene expression data? This article uses a unique new dataset combined with an open innovation competition to evaluate a wide range of approaches developed by 294 competitors from 20 countries. The competition's objective was to address a deconvolution problem critical to analyzing genetic perturbations from the Connectivity Map. The issue consists of separating gene expression of individual genes from raw measurements obtained from gene pairs.