Development and validation of a risk score to predict adverse birth outcomes using maternal characteristics in northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study.

Background: Adverse birth outcomes are unfavorable outcomes of pregnancy that are particularly common in low- and middle-income countries. At least one ultrasound is recommended to predict adverse birth outcomes in early pregnancy. However, in low-income countries, imaging equipment and trained manpower are scarce.

Survival and predictors of mortality among HIV-infected adults after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Eastern Ethiopia Governmental hospitals, from January 2015 to December 2021 (multi-center retrospective follow-up study).

Background: Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. It can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which results in gradual deterioration and failure of the immune system. As the immune system becomes compromised, the patient becomes highly susceptible to life-threatening infection which ends with early death.

Knowledge, and utilization of HIV self-testing, and its associated factors among women in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from 21 countries demographic and health survey.

Background: HIV Self-Testing (HIVST) holds great significance in the fight against the HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It offers a convenient and confidential option for individuals to know their HIV status and seek appropriate care and support. For women in this region, where stigma, discrimination, and lack of access to healthcare services are prevalent, HIVST can empower them to take control of their health and make informed decisions.

Diabetic retinopathy incidence, predictors and its association with longitudinal fasting blood sugar level changes among diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: joint model.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health problem characterized by an elevated blood glucose level. Monitoring blood sugar levels is vital for effective diabetes management and preventing complications. However, the association between longitudinal biomarkers and the incidence of diabetic complications is often overlooked.

Knowledge and attitude to HIV pre exposure prophylaxis among women in five sub-Saharan African countries: a multilevel model analysis of population-based survey 2021-2022.

Background: HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (HIV PrEP) may help reduce the rate of HIV infection among women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aimed to assess women's knowledge and attitudes toward PrEP, a crucial component of HIV prevention, using nationwide data. It is the first study of its kind conducted in five SSA countries: Burkina Faso, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, and Tanzania.

Prevalence of childhood stunting and determinants in low and lower-middle income African countries: Evidence from standard demographic and health survey.

Introduction: Undernutrition poses a significant global public health challenge, adversely affecting childhood cognitive and physical development while increasing the risk of disease and mortality. Stunting, characterized by impaired growth and development in children due to insufficient psychological stimulation, frequent infections, and inadequate nutrition, remains a critical issue. Although economic growth alone cannot fully address the prevalence of stunting, there exists a robust correlation between a country's income level and childhood stunting rates.

Alcohol and khat dual use among male adults in Ethiopia: A multilevel multinomial analysis.

Introduction: Substance use has been a long-standing global public health problem with detrimental physical, psychological, social, and economic consequences at individual and societal levels. Large-scale and gender-specific studies on the dual use of alcohol and khat are limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dual alcohol and khat use and identify associated factors among male adults in Ethiopia.

Factors affecting birth interval among mothers in Dabat district, Amhara Regional state, Northwest Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study, 2022.

Introduction: Birth interval is the time period from live birth to a successive pregnancy or successive live birth which is the recommended to be at least 2 years or at least 33 months respectively. Both short and long birth intervals are associated with poor health outcomes for both mothers and babies. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to assess the length of birth intervals and its predictors among reproductive-age women in Dabat district.

Magnitude of unmet need for family planning and associated factors among women in the extended postpartum period in Dabat district, Northwest Ethiopia. evidence from Dabat demographic health surveys.

Background: Due to additional roles and emotional changes that occur during postpartum period, women use contraceptives differs from other times in their life. However, there is limited information about the unmet need for family planning (FP) among women in the extended postpartum period in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess magnitude of unmet need for family planning and associated factors among women in the extended postpartum period in Dabat district, Northwest Ethiopia.

Farmers' perceptions of climate variability and adaptation strategies in the rural areas of Dire Dawa administration, eastern Ethiopia.

Climate variability has significant impact on agricultural production especially in low-income countries where agriculture largely relies on rainfall, but only a few studies explored this issue at local scale. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize local climate and assess farmers' perceptions and adaptation strategies to climate variability in the rural areas of Dire Dawa administration. Historical rainfall and temperature data (1987-2017) were obtained from National Meteorological Agency (NMA) of Ethiopia, while data of farmers' perceptions and adaptation strategies were collected from a total of 120 household heads through survey questionnaire, key informant interviews and focus group discussions.

HIV rapid test performance among health facilities enrolled in HIV rapid test quality improvement initiative (RTQII) in Ethiopia.

Background: As the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) rapid testing services expanded to reach the global target that 95% of people living with the virus will know their status by 2030, ensuring the quality of those services becomes critical. This study was conducted to assess the performance of HIV Rapid testing at sites in health facilities that were enrolled in the Rapid Test Quality Improvement Initiative (RTQII) in Ethiopia.

Methods: Characterized HIV proficiency testing (PT) panels of Dried Tube Specimen (DTS) were prepared, verified, and distributed to testing sites from August to December 2019.

Inadequate receipt of ANC components and associated factors among pregnant women in Northwest Ethiopia, 2020-2021: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Women's health and pregnancy outcomes are directly depends on the extent of ANC components received during their ANC visits. There are limited information about the components of ANC and associated factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of inadequate recipient of ANC components and associated factors in northwest Ethiopia.

Complete childhood vaccination and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Dabat demographic and health survey site, Ethiopia, 2022.

Introduction: Childhood immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health strategies to prevent children's mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases, but the Covid-19 pandemic and associated disruptions have strained health systems, and worldwide 25 million children missing out on vaccination in 2021. Of the 25 million, more than 60% of these children live in 10 countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess complete childhood vaccination coverage and associated factors in the Dabat district.

Validation of modified QuECHERS extraction method for quantitative enrichment of seven multiclass antibiotic residues from vegetables followed by RP-LC-UV analysis.

A modified rapid, simple quick, cheap, effective, robust and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method was developed for the simultaneous extraction and purification of seven antibiotic residues in lettuce, carrot and tomato using liquid chromatography UV detector. The method was validated for linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility at six concentration levels for all matrices, according to the guidelines of UNODC. A matrix-matched calibration method was used for the quantitative analysis.

Trends of unmet need for family planning among currently married reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A multivariate decomposition analysis.

Introduction: Despite decreasing the percentage of women with unmet needs, Ethiopian women still have a higher unmet need for family planning due to different factors. Therefore, addressing the unmet need for FP provides an opportunity for policymakers in all sectors to respond to the expressed fertility preferences of their population. This study aimed to analyze trends and determinants of changes in unmet needs over time among married women of reproductive age in Ethiopia.

Outcomes and Predictors of Severe Community-acquired Pneumonia Among Adults Admitted to the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Prospective Follow-up Study.

Background: Severe community-acquired pneumonia is a common life-threatening infection with a high rate of unfavorable outcome. This study aimed to assess the outcomes and predictors of hospitalized severe community-acquired pneumonia patients at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital.

Methods: A prospective follow-up study was conducted at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital from May 1 to September 31, 2021.

Geographically weighted regression analysis of anemia and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia using 2016 demographic and health survey.

Introduction: Anemia in reproductive age women is defined as the hemoglobin level <11g/dl for lactating or pregnant mothers and hemoglobin level <12 g/dl for none pregnant or non-lactating women. Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries. Therefore this study aims to determine geographically weighted regression analysis of anemia and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia using the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey.

Poor glycemic control and associated factors among pediatric diabetes mellitus patients in northwest Ethiopia, 2020: facility-based cross sectional retrospective study design.

Diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem. Glycemic control is a major public health problem. Diabetes results from elevated levels of glycaemia such as increased glucose and glycated hemoglobin, and controlling glycaemia is an integral component of the management of diabetes.

Depletion of Amoxicillin Residue in Edible Tissue of Broiler Chicken by Different Cooking Methods.

A new simple isocratic, RP-HPLC method, was developed and validated to estimate amoxicillin (Amox) residue depletion caused by different cooking methods in broiler chicken tissue. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 1.32 and 4.

Spatial distribution and determinant factors of unmet need for family planning among all reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: a multi-level logistic regression modelling approach.

Background: Unmet need for family planning has been remaining high in developing countries than developed countries, notably in sub-Saharan Africa. Data on unmet needs can help countries set service priorities. This study aimed to explore the geographical disparities of unmet need among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia using a 2016 national population-based survey.

Facebook Online Support Groups for Hospice Family Caregivers of Advanced Cancer Patients: Protocol, Facilitation Skills and Promising Outcomes.

Research has demonstrated a lack of support for hospice caregivers and a higher than average level of self-reported anxiety and depression. While online support groups are gaining popularity, few protocols have been published, little research has demonstrated the skills required to facilitate, and virtually no data has explored the clinical outcomes affiliated with participation in such groups. This paper presents the preliminary experience and results of a clinical trial testing the use of online support groups designed to both educate and provide social support to caregivers of hospice cancer patients.

Development and validation of liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of multiclass seven antibiotic residues in chicken tissues.

Background: Antibiotics are routinely used on poultry for therapy and prevention of diseases and to enhance animal growth. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a sensitive and reliable liquid chromatography with UV detection (LC-UV) method for the simultaneous determination of seven multiclass antibiotic residues (amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin) in chicken tissues.

Methods: The liquid chromatography method with UV detection was optimized for complete separation of the seven selected antibiotic compounds with reversed phase and isocratic elution using Hypersil BDS-C18 (3 µm, 100 mm × 4 mm) column.

Frequency of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Its Determinants Among Pediatric Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most common public health problems and is still a major child killer in sub-Saharan African countries, particularly Ethiopia. There are limited and inconclusive data in Amhara regional state; moreover, predictors for the incidence of DKA were not investigated before. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the frequency of DKA and its determinants among pediatric diabetes mellitus patients in public hospitals in northwest Ethiopia.