Utility of preoperative 18F-flurodeoxyglucose PET/CT scanning in preoperative evaluation and surgical planning for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning in preoperative evaluation and surgical planning for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods: The study involved a retrospective analysis of clinical data and preoperative chest 18F-FDG PET/CT data of 24 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who underwent pneumonectomy at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center between December 2017 and January 2022.

Results: All 24 patients successfully underwent chest 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, and complete data pertaining to the maximum standardized uptake value, mean standardized uptake value, minimum standardized uptake value, total lesion glycolysis, and metabolic tumor volume were obtained.

Integrated single-cell transcriptome and T cell receptor profiling reveals defects of T cell exhaustion in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis-affected lungs with chronic inflammation harbor abundant immunosuppressive immune cells but the nature of such inflammation is unclear. Dysfunction in T cell exhaustion, while implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, remains unexplored in tuberculosis. Given that immunotherapy targeting exhaustion checkpoints exacerbates tuberculosis, we speculate that T cell exhaustion is dysfunctional in tuberculosis.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals heterogeneity and intercellular crosstalk in human tuberculosis lung.

Lung inflammation indicated by 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in patients with tuberculosis is associated with disease severity and relapse risk upon treatment completion. We revealed the heterogeneity and intercellular crosstalk in lung tissues with 18F-FDG avidity and adjacent uninvolved tissues from 6 tuberculosis patients by single-cell RNA-sequencing. Tuberculous lungs had an influx of regulatory T cells (Treg), exhausted CD8 T cells, immunosuppressive myeloid cells, conventional DC, plasmacytoid DC, and neutrophils.

Identification of unique transcriptomic signatures and key genes through RNA sequencing and integrated WGCNA and PPI network analysis in HIV infected lung cancer.

With the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HARRT), the survival time of AIDS patients has been greatly extended. However, the incidence of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients is increasing and has become a major problem threatening the survival of AIDS patients. The aim of this study is to use Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene analysis to find possible key genes involved in HIV-infected lung cancer.

Prognostic nomogram for surgery of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients.

Background: This study aimed to establish an effective prognostic nomogram for surgery of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients.

Methods: The nomogram is based on a retrospective study of 51 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from July 2012 to November 2019. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve analysis.

Lung cancer surgery in HIV-infected patients: An analysis of postoperative complications and long-term survival.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of postoperative complications and reliable prognostic factors of long-term survival in HIV-infected patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: HIV-infected patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively studied; a single-institutional analysis was conducted from November 2011 to August 2018. Pre- and postoperative clinical data, including age, gender, smoking history, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), CD4+ T cell count, HIV viral load, cancer histology, clinical and pathological stage (p-stage), surgical result, Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), survival time and postoperative complications were collected.

Interaction between epidermal growth factor receptor and interleukin-6 receptor in NSCLC progression.

Even though the interaction between epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) has been found in many tumors, there is a lack of relevant in-depth study of lung cancer. The following study investigates the interaction of EGFR and IL-6R in lung cancer. In the current study, EGFR, IL-6, and glycoprotein 130 (GP130) were highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue samples and were associated with clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC.